Kapitel 4 | Når diagnosen er brystkræft

[359] Perera F, Weinstein I B. Molecular epidemiology: recent advances and future directions. Carcinogenesis 2000 21(3): 517-24.

Malins D., et al. Antioxidant-induced changes in oxidized DNA. PNAS 2002 April 30, 99(9): 5937-41.

[360] Gillies PJ. Preemptive nutrition of pro-inflammatory states: a nutrigenomic model. Nutr Rev. 2007 Dec;65(12 Pt 2):S217-20.

[361] Lindi V, Schwab U, Louheranta A, et al. Impact of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma2 gene on serum triacylglycerol response to n-3 fatty acid supplementation. Mol Genet Metab. 2003 May;79(1):52-60.

[362] Tsitouras PD, Gucciardo F, Salbe AD, Heward C, Harman SM. High omega-3 fat intake improves insulin sensitivity and reduces CRP and IL6, but does not affect other endocrine axes in healthy older adults. Horm Metab Res. 2008 Mar;40(3):199-205.

[363] Blazovics A, Hagymasi K, Pronai L. Cytokines, prostaglandins, nutritive and non-nuitritive factors in inflammatory bowel diseases. Orv Hetil. 2004 Dec 12;145(50):2523-9.

[364] Chen HW, Lee JY, Huang JY, et al. Curcumin inhibits lung cancer cell invasion and metastasis through the tumor suppressor HLJ1. Cancer Res. 2008 Sep 15;68(18):7428-38.

[365] Ordovas J. Diet/genetic interactions and their effects on inflammatory markers. Nutr Rev. 2007 Dec;65(12 Pt 2):S203-7.

Caramia G. Omega-3: from cod-liver oil to nutrigenomics. Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Aug;60(4):443-55.

Crujeiras AB, Parra D, Milagro FI, et al. Differential expression of oxidative stress and inflammation related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to a low-calorie diet: a Nutrigenomics Study. OMICS. 2008 Aug 7.

Fernandes G. Progress in nutritional immunology. Immunol Res. 2008;40(3):244-61.

Hall AJ, Babish JG, Darland GK, et al. Safety, efficacy and anti-inflammatory activity of rho iso-alpha-acids from hops. Phytochemistry. 2008 May;69(7):1534-47.

Jump DB. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2008 Jun;19(3):242-7.

Kornman K, Rogus J, Roh-Schmidt H, et al. Interleukin-1 genotype-selective inhibition of inflammatory mediators by a botanical: a nutrigenetics proof of concept. Nutrition. 2007 Nov;23(11-12):844-52.

Kussmann M, Blum S. OMICS-derived targets for inflammatory gut disorders: opportunities for the development of nutrition related biomarkers. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2007 Dec;7(4):271-87.

Rimbach G, Boesch-Saadatmandi C, Frank J, et al. Dietary isoflavones in the prevention of cardiovascular disease—a molecular perspective. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Apr;46(4):1308-19.

Cameron AR, Anton S, Melville L, et al. Black tea polyphenols mimic insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling to the longevity factor FOXO1a. Aging Cell. 2008 Jan;7(1):69-77

[366] Nian H, Delage B, Ho E, Dashwood RH. Modulation of histone deacetylase activity by dietary isothiocyanates and allyl sulfides: studies with sulforaphane and garlic organosulfur compounds. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2009 Apr;50(3):213-21.

McGowan PO, Kato T. Epigenetics in mood disorders. Environ Health Prev Med. 2008 Jan;13(1):16-24.

[367] Nian H, Delage B, Ho E, Dashwood RH. Modulation of histone deacetylase activity by dietary isothiocyanates and allyl sulfides: studies with sulforaphane and garlic organosulfur compounds. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2009 Apr;50(3):213-21.

[368] McGowan PO, Kato T. Epigenetics in mood disorders. Environ Health Prev Med. 2008 Jan;13(1):16-24.

[369] Khan SI, Aumsuwan P, Khan IA, Walker LA, Dasmahapatra AK. Epigenetic events associated with breast cancer and their prevention by dietary components targeting the epigenome. Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Jan 13;25(1):61-73.

[371]Meeran SM, Patel SN, Li Y, Shukla S, Tollefsbol TO. Bioactive dietary supplements reactivate ER expression in ER-negative breast cancer cells by active chromatin modifications. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37748.

[372] Soerjomataram I, de Vries E, Pukkala E, Coebergh JW. Excess of cancers in Europe: a study of eleven major cancers amenable to lifestyle change. Int J Cancer. 2007 Mar 15;120(6):1336-43.

Maclennan M, Ma DW. Role of dietary fatty acids in mammary gland development and breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2010 Oct 26;12(5):211.

[373] Kemp MQ, Jeffy BD, Romagnolo DF. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits cell proliferation through a p53-dependent mechanism: effects on the expression of G1-restriction points in breast and colon cancer cells. J Nutr. 2003 Nov;133(11):3670-7.
Majumder B, Wahle KW, Moir S, et al. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) regulate the expression of key apoptotic genes in human breast cancer cells. FASEB J. 2002 Sep;16(11):1447-9.

[374] Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Cos S, Fernandez R, et al. Melatonin and mammary cancer: a short review. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003 Jun;10(2):153-9.

[375] Jee SH, Shen SC, Tseng CR, et al. Curcumin induces a p53-dependent apoptosis in human basal cell carcinoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Oct;111(4):656-61.

[376] Blasina A, Price BD, Turenne GA, et al. Caffeine inhibits the checkpoint kinase ATM. Curr Biol. 1999 Oct 7;9(19):1135-8.

Ribeiro JC, Barnetson AR, Jackson P, et al. Caffeine-increased radiosensitivity is not dependent on a loss of G2/M arrest or apoptosis in bladder cancer cell lines. Int J Radiat Biol. 1999 Apr;75(4):481-92.

Jiang X, Lim LY, Daly JW, et al. Structure-activity relationships for G2 checkpoint inhibition by caffeine analogs. Int J Oncol. 2000 May;16(5):971-8.

[377] Brotzman M. Antioxidants may limit key mutations. ScienceNewsOnline. 1999;155(17).

Ayoub NM, Bachawal SV, Sylvester PW. gamma-Tocotrienol inhibits HGF-dependent mitogenesis and Met activation in highly malignant mammary tumour cells. Cell Prolif. 2011 Dec;44(6):516-26.

Proietti S, Cucina A, D’Anselmi F, et al. Melatonin and vitamin D3 synergistically down-regulate Akt and MDM2 leading to TGFbeta-1-dependent growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. J Pineal Res. 2011 Mar;50(2):150-8.

[378] Burzynski SR. Aging: gene silencing or gene activation? Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(1):201-8.

Dimitrov V, Salehi-Tabar R, An BS, White JH. Non-classical mechanisms of transcriptional regulation by the vitamin D receptor: Insights into calcium homeostasis, immune system regulation and cancer chemoprevention. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2013 Jul 30. pii: S0960-0760(13)00141-6.

Chatterjee M. Vitamin D and genomic stability. Mutat Res. 2001 Apr 18;475(1-2):69-87.

Kim YS, Milner JA. Targets for indole-3-carbinol in cancer prevention. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Feb;16(2):65-73.

Deng XS, Tuo J, Poulsen HE, Loft S. Prevention of oxidative DNA damage in rats by brussels sprouts. Free Radic Res. 1998 Mar;28(3):323-33.

[379] Weisburger JH. Antimutagens, anticarcinogens, and effective worldwide cancer prevention. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1999;18(2):85-93.

Aggarwal BB, Ichikawa H. Molecular targets and anticancer potential of indole-3-carbinol and its derivatives. Cell Cycle. 2005 Sep;4(9):1201-15.

Sarkar FH, Li Y. Indole-3-carbinol and prostate cancer. J Nutr. 2004 Dec;134(12 Suppl):3493S-8S.

Plate AY, Gallaher DD. Effects of indole-3-carbinol and phenethyl isothiocyanate on colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in rats. Carcinogenesis. 2006 Feb;27(2):287-92.

Tadi K, Chang Y, Ashok BT, et al. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane, a cruciferous vegetable derived synthetic anti-proliferative compound in thyroid disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Nov 25;337(3):1019-25.

Kim YS, Milner JA. Targets for indole-3-carbinol in cancer prevention. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Feb;16(2):65-73.

Brew CT, Aronchik I, Hsu JC, et al. Indole-3-carbinol activates the ATM signaling pathway independent of DNA damage to stabilize p53 and induce G1 arrest of human mammary epithelial cells. Int J Cancer. 2006 Feb 15;118(4):857-68.

Chang X, Tou JC, Hong C, et al. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane inhibits angiogenesis and the growth of transplantable human breast carcinoma in athymic mice. Carcinogenesis. 2005 Apr;26(4):771-8.

Manson MM, Farmer PB, Gescher A, Steward WP. Innovative agents in cancer prevention. Recent Results Cancer Res . 2005;166:257-75.

Shukla Y, Kalra N, Katiyar S, Siddiqui IA, Arora A. Chemopreventive effect of indole-3-carbinol on induction of preneoplastic altered hepatic foci. Nutr Cancer. 2004;50(2):214-20.

Garikapaty VP, Ashok BT, Chen YG, et al. Anti-carcinogenic and anti-metastatic properties of indole-3-carbinol in prostate cancer. Oncol Rep. 2005 Jan;13(1):89-93.

Rahman KW, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-{kappa}B contributes to 3,3’-diindolylmethane-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 1;65(1):364-71.

Qi M, Anderson AE, Chen DZ, Sun S, Auborn KJ. Indole-3-carbinol prevents PTEN loss in cervical cancer in vivo. Mol Med. 2005 Jan;11(1-12):59-63.

Bonnesen C, Eggleston IM, Hayes JD. Dietary indoles and isothiocyanates that are generated from cruciferous vegetables can both stimulate apoptosis and confer protection against DNA damage in human colon cell lines. Cancer Res. 2001 Aug 15;61(16):6120-30.

Fowke JH, Chung FL, Jin F, et al. Urinary isothiocyanate levels, brassica, and human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2003 Jul 15;63(14):3980-6.

Li Y, Chinni SR, Sarkar FH. Selective growth regulatory and pro-apoptotic effects of DIM is mediated by AKT and NF-kappaB pathways in prostate cancer cells. Front Biosci. 2005 Jan 1;10:236-43.

[380] Stewart ZA, Westfall MD, Pietenpol JA. Cell-cycle dysregulation and anticancer therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2003;24(3):139-145.

Jackson SJ, Singletary KW. Sulforaphane: a naturally occurring mammary carcinoma mitotic inhibitor, which disrupts tubulin polymerization. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Feb;25(2):219-27.

Nian H, Delage B, Ho E, Dashwood RH. Modulation of histone deacetylase activity by dietary isothiocyanates and allyl sulfides: studies with sulforaphane and garlic organosulfur compounds. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2009 Apr;50(3):213-21.

Aggarwal BB, Ichikawa H. Molecular targets and anticancer potential of indole-3-carbinol and its derivatives. Cell Cycle. 2005 Sep;4(9):1201-15.

Rahman KM, Aranha O, Glazyrin A, Chinni SR, Sarkar FH. Translocation of Bax to mitochondria induces apoptotic cell death in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) treated breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2000 Nov 23;19(50):5764-71.

[381] Verhagen H, Poulsen HE, Loft S, van Poppel G, Willems MI, van Bladeren PJ. Reduction of oxidative DNA-damage in humans by brussels sprouts. Carcinogenesis. 1995 Apr;16(4):969-70.

[382] Ambrosone CB, McCann SE, Freudenheim JL, Marshall JR, Zhang Y, Shields PG. Breast cancer risk in premenopausal women is inversely associated with consumption of broccoli, a source of isothiocyanates, but is not modified by GST genotype. J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1134-8.

Tomczyk J, Olejnik A. Sulforaphane–a possible agent in prevention and therapy of cancer. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2010 Nov 29;64:590-603.

Kumar A, Sabbioni G. New biomarkers for monitoring the levels of isothiocyanates in humans. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Apr 19;23(4):756-65.

Rose P, Faulkner K, Williamson G, Mithen R. 7-Methylsulfinylheptyl and 8-methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanates from watercress are potent inducers of phase II enzymes. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Nov;21(11):1983-8.

Meeran SM, Patel SN, Tollefsbol TO. Sulforaphane causes epigenetic repression of hTERT expression in human breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One. 2010;5(7):e11457.

Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

Hardy TM, Tollefsbol TO. Epigenetic diet: impact on the epigenome and cancer. Epigenomics. 2011 Aug;3(4):503-18.

[383] Taioli E, Garbers S, Bradlow HL, et al. Effects of indole-3-carbinol on the metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Jul;6(7):517-22.

[384] Devanaboyina U. Effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced DNA adducts in rat mammary glands and liver (meeting abstract). Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res.1997(38):2427.

Friesen H, et al. Indole-3-carbinol as a chemopreventive agent in 2-amino-1- methyl-6- phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) carcinogenesis: inhibition of PhIP-DNA adduct formation, acceleration of PhIP metabolism, and induction of cytochrome P450 in female F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol (2000 Jan) 38(1):15-23.

Jo EH, Kim SH, Ahn NS, et al. Efficacy of sulforaphane is mediated by p38 MAP kinase and caspase-7 activations in ER-positive and COX-2-expressed human breast cancer cells. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Dec;16(6):505-10.

[385] http://www.lef.org

[386] Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Indole-3- carbinol and 3-3’-diindolylmethane antiproliferative signaling pathways control cellcycle gene transcription in human breast cancer cells by regulating promoter-Sp1 transcription factor interactions. J Nutr. 2003 Jul;133(7 Suppl):2448S-2455S.

http://jn.nutrition.org

[387] Hong C, Kim HA, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Diindolylmethane (DIM) induces a G1 cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells that is accompanied by Sp-1-mediated activation of p21WAF1CIP1 expression. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Aug;23(8):1297-305.

[388] Michnovicz JJ, Bradlow HL. Altered estro- gen metabolism and excretion in humans following consumption of indole-3-carbinol. Nutr Cancer. 1991;16(1):59-66.

Bradlow HL, Michnovicz J, Telang NT, Osborne MP. Effects of dietary indole-3- carbinol on estradiol metabolism and spontaneous mammary tumors in mice. Carcinogenesis. 1991 Sep;12(9):1571-4.

Jellinck PH, Newcombe AM, Forkert PG, Martucci CP. Distinct forms of hepatic androgen 6 beta-hydroxylase induced in the rat by indole-3-carbinol and pregnenolone carbonitrile. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1994 Nov;51(3-4):219-25.

Grubbs CJ, Steele VE, Casebolt T, et al. Chemoprevention of chemically-induced mammary carcinogenesis by indole-3-carbinol. Anticancer Res. 1995 May- Jun;15(3):709-16.

[389] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 September 16; 94(19): 10367–10372

Johns Hopkins University September 15, 1997

[390] Rose P, Faulkner K, Williamson G, Mithen R. 7-Methylsulfinylheptyl and 8-methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanates from watercress are potent inducers of phase II enzymes. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Nov;21(11):1983-8.

[391] Rose P, Faulkner K, Williamson G, Mithen R. 7-Methylsulfinylheptyl and 8-methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanates from watercress are potent inducers of phase II enzymes. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Nov;21(11):1983-8.

Gill CI, Haldar S, Boyd LA, et al. Watercress supplementation in diet reduces lymphocyte DNA damage and alters blood antioxidant status in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Feb;85(2):504-10.

[392] Wang LG, Liu XM, Fang Y, et al. De-repression of the p21 promoter in prostate cancer cells by an isothiocyanate via inhibition of HDACs and c-Myc. Int J Oncol. 2008 Aug;33(2):375-80.

Hofmann T, Kuhnert A, Schubert A, et al. Modulation of detoxification enzymes by watercress: in vitro and in vivo investigations in human peripheral blood cells. Eur J Nutr. 2009 Dec;48(8):483-91.

[393] Defining Powerhouse Fruits and Vegetables: A Nutrient Density Approach.Preventing Chronic Disease 2014;11:130390. Time June 6, 2014

[394] Rose P, Faulkner K, Williamson G, Mithen R. 7-Methylsulfinylheptyl and 8-methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanates from watercress are potent inducers of phase II enzymes. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Nov;21(11):1983-8.

[395] Bailey HH, Mukhtar H. Green tea polyphenols and cancer chemoprevention of genitourinary cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2013;2013:92-6.

Paschka AG, Butler R, Young CY. Induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines by the green tea component, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Cancer Lett. 1998 Aug 14;130(1-2):1-7.

[396] Yung LM, Leung FP, Wong WT, et al. Tea polyphenols benefit vascular function. Inflammopharmacology. 2008 Sep 26.

[397] Uhlenbruck GGR. Characteristics of green tea: a review. Z Onkol. 1998;30(3):57-63.

[398] Thangapazham RL, Passi N, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenol and epigallocatechin gallate induce apoptosis and inhibit invasion in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2007 Dec;6(12):1938-43.

Thangapazham RL, Singh AK, Sharma A, Warren J, Gaddipati JP, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenols and its constituent epigallocatechin gallate inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2007 Jan 8;245(1-2):232-41.

Belguise K, Guo S, Sonenshein GE. Activation of FOXO3a by the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces estrogen receptor alpha expression reversing invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2007 Jun 15;67(12):5763-70.

Leong H, Mathur PS, Greene GL. Inhibition of mammary tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40 mouse model by green tea. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 Feb;107(3):359-69.

Sen T, Chatterjee A. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) downregulates EGF-induced MMP-9 in breast cancer cells: involvement of integrin receptor alpha5beta1 in the process. Eur J Nutr. 2011 Sep;50(6):465-78.

[399] Available at: http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/22/1_MeetingAbstracts/1164.3. 2013.

[400] Wu AH, Yu MC, Tseng CC, Hankin J, Pike MC. Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans. Int J Cancer. 2003 Sep 10;106(4):574-9.

[401] Ahmad N, Gupta S, Mukhtar H. Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate differentially modulates nuclear factor kappaB in cancer cells versus normal cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 Apr 15;376(2):338-46.

Uhlenbruck GGR. Characteristics of green tea: a review. Z Onkol. 1998;30(3):57-63.

Lin AM, Chyi BY, et al. The antioxidative property of green tea against iron-induced oxidative stress in rat brain.Chin J Physiol. 1998;41(4):189–94.

[402] Naasani I, Seimiya H, Tsuruo T. Telomerase inhibition, telomere shortening, and senescence of cancer cells by tea catechins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Aug 19;249(2):391-6.

[403] Uhlenbruck GGR. Characteristics of green tea: a review. Z Onkol. 1998;30(3):57-63.

[404] Wu AH, Yu MC, Tseng CC, Hankin J, Pike MC. Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans. Int J Cancer. 2003 Sep 10;106(4):574-9.

[405] Benelli R, Vene R, Bisacchi D, Garbisa S, Albini A. Anti-invasive effects of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural inhibitor of metallo and serine proteases. Biol Chem. 2002 Jan;383(1):101-5.

[406] Lyn-Cook BD, Rogers T, Yan Y, et al. Chemopreventive effects of tea extracts and various components on human pancreatic and prostate tumor cells in vitro. Nutr Cancer. 1999;35(1):80-6.

[407] Beltz LA, Bayer DK, Moss AL, Simet IM. Mechanisms of cancer prevention by green and black tea polyphenols. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006 Sep;6(5):389-406.

[408] Chen YC, Liang YC, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JK. Inhibition of TPA-induced protein kinase C and transcription activator protein-1 binding activities by theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea in NIH3T3 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Apr;47(4):1416-21.

[409] Kalra N, Seth K, Prasad S, et al. Theaflavins induced apoptosis of LNCaP cells is mediated through induction of p53, down-regulation of NF-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. Life Sci. 2007 May 16;80(23):2137-46.

Park AM, Dong Z. Signal transduction pathways: targets for green and black tea polyphenols. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Jan 31;36(1):66-77.

Beltz LA, Bayer DK, Moss AL, Simet IM. Mechanisms of cancer prevention by green and black tea polyphenols. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006 Sep;6(5):389-406.

[410] http://www.ors.od.nih.gov/pes/dats/food/balance/Documents/berries.pdf

Acquaviva R, Russo A, Galvano F, et al. Cyanidin and cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside as DNA cleavage protectors and antioxidants. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2003;19:243-52.

[411] Ross HA, McDougall GJ, Stewart D. Antiproliferative activity is predominantly associated with ellagitannins in raspberry extracts. Phytochemistry. 2007 Jan;68(2):218-28.

Elattar TM, Virji AS. The effect of red wine and its components on growth and proliferation of human oral squamous carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 1999 Nov-Dec;19(6B):5407-14.

Aggarwal BB, Bhardwaj A, Aggarwal RS, Seeram NP, Shishodia S, Takada Y. Role of resveratrol in prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res. 2004 Sep-Oct;24(5A):2783-840.

Wedge DE, Meepagala KM, Magee JB, Smith SH, Huang G, Larcom LL. Anticarcinogenic Activity of Strawberry, Blueberry, and Raspberry Extracts to Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells. J Med Food. 2001;4(1):49-51. Block s. 71

[412] Wallace TC. Anthocyanins in cardiovascular disease. Adv Nutr. 2011 Jan;2(1):1-7.

Basu A, Rhone M, Lyons TJ. Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health. Nutr Rev. 2010 Mar;68(3):168-77.

Yi W, Fischer J, Krewer G, Akoh CC. Phenolic compounds from blueberries can inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Sep 7;53(18):7320-9.

Adams LS, Phung S, Yee, N, Seeram NP, Li L, Chen S. Blueberry phytochemicals inhibit frowth and metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. Cancer Res. 2010a May 1;70(9):3594-605.

Nguyen V, Tang J, Oroudjev E, et al. Cytotoxic effects of bilberry extract on MCF7-GFP-tubulin breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2010b Apr;13(2):278-85.

Neto CC. Cranberry and its phytochemicals: a review of in vitro anticancer studies. J Nutr. 2007 Jan;137(1 Suppl):186S-93S.

[413] Shukitt-Hale B, Lau FC, Joseph JA. Berry fruit supplementation and the aging brain. J Agric Food Chem. 2008. Feb 13;56(3): 636-41.

Faria A, Pestana D, Teixeira D, et al. Blueberry anthocyanins and pyruvic acid adducts: anticancer properties in breast cancer cell lines. Phytother Res. 2010 Dec;24(12):1862-9.

[414] Aiyer HS, Kichambare S, Gupta RC. Prevention of oxidative DNA damage by bioactive berry components. Nutr Cancer. 2008;60 Suppl 1:36-42.

[415] Aiyer HS, Vadhanam MV, Stoyanova R, Caprio GD, Clapper ML, Gupta RC. Dietary berries and ellagic acid prevent oxidative DNA damage and modulate expression of DNA repair genes. Int J Mol Sci. 2008;9:327-41.

McDougall GJ, Ross HA, Ikeji M, Stewart D. Berry extracts exert different antiproliferative effects against cervical and colon cancer cells grown in vitro. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 14;56(9):3016-23.

Parry J, Su L, Moore J, et al. Chemical compositions, antioxidant capacities, and antiproliferative activities of selected fruit seed flours. J Agric Food Chem. 2006 May 31;54(11):3773-8.

Seeram NP, Adams LS, Zhang Y, et al. Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro. J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Dec 13;54(25):9329-39.

[416] Ross HA, McDougall GJ, Stewart D. Antiproliferative activity is predominantly associated with ellagitannins in raspberry extracts. Phytochemistry. 2007 Jan;68(2):218-28.

Elattar TM, Virji AS. The effect of red wine and its components on growth and proliferation of human oral squamous carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 1999 Nov-Dec;19(6B):5407-14.

Wedge DE, Meepagala KM, Magee JB, Smith SH, Huang G, Larcom LL. nticarcinogenic Activity of Strawberry, Blueberry, and Raspberry Extracts to Breast and Cervical Cancer Cells. J Med Food. 2001;4(1):49-51.

Zhang Y, Seeram NP, Lee R, Feng L, Heber D. Isolation and identification of strawberry phenolics with antioxidant and human cancer cell antiproliferation properties. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Feb 13;56(3):670-5.

Meyers KJ, Watkins CB, Pritts MP, Liu RH. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of strawberries. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 5;51(23):6887-92.’

[417] Dai J, Patel JD, Mumper RJ. Characterization of blackberry extract and its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. J Med Food. 2007;10:258-65.

[418] Srinivasan C, Aiyer HS, Gupta RC. Dietary berries and ellagic acid diminish estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis in ACI rats. Nutr Cancer. 2008;60(2):227-34.

[419] Ghosh D, Konishi T. Anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich extracts: role in diabetes and eye function. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(2):200-8.

[420] Wang LS, Stoner GD. Anthocyanins and their role in cancer prevention. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):281-90.

Stoner GD, Wang LS, Chen T. Chemoprevention of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Nov 1;224(3):337-49.

Paul S, DeCastro AJ, Lee HJ, et al. Dietary intake of pterostilbene, a constituent of blueberries, inhibits the beta-catenin/p65 downstream signaling pathway and colon carcinogenesis in rats. Carcinogenesis. 2010 Jul;31(7):1272-8.

Afaq F, Syed DN, Malik A, et al. Delphinidin, an anthocyanidin in pigmented fruits and vegetables, protects human HaCaT keratinocytes and mouse skin against UVB-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis. J Invest Dermatol. 2007 Jan;127(1):222-32.

Zu XY, Zhang ZY, Zhang XW, Yoshioka M, Yang YN, Li J. Anthocyanins extracted from Chinese blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) and its anticancer effects on DLD-1 and COLO205 cells. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Oct;123(19):2714-9.

[421] Zafra-Stone S, Yasmin T, Bagchi M, Chatterjee A, Vinson JA, Bagchi D. Berry anthocyanins as novel antioxidants in human health and disease prevention. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jun;51(6):675-83.

[422] Wolfe KL, Kang X, He X, Dong M, Zhang Q, Liu RH. Cellular antioxidant activity of common fruits. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Sep 24;56(18):8418-26.

[423] Adams LS, Phung S, Yee N, Seeram NP, Li L, Chen S. Blueberry phytochemicals inhibit growth and metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231breast cancer cells through modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. Cancer Res. 2010 May 1;70(9):3594-605.

[424] Bertram JS, Vine AL. Cancer prevention by retinoids and carotenoids: independent action on a common target. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 May 30;1740(2):170-8.

[425] Jurenka JS. Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma longa: a review of preclinical and clinical research. Altern Med Rev. 2009 Jun;14(2):141-53.

Goel A, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin, the golden spice from Indian saffron, is a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer for tumors and chemoprotector and radioprotector for normal organs. Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):919-30.

Murphy EA, Davis JM, McClellan JL, Gordon BT, Carmichael MD. Curcumin’s effect on intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis in the Apc(Min/+) Mouse. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2010 Oct 15.

[426] Biswas J, Sinha D, Mukherjee S, Roy S, Siddiqi M, Roy M. Curcumin protects DNA damage in a chronically arsenic-exposed population of West Bengal. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010 Jun;29(6):513-24.

Menon, VP, Sudheer, AR.: Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol 2007; 595: 105-25

Rajendra Prasad N, Karthikeyan A, Karthikeyan S, Reddy BV. Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid on cancer cell proliferation by oxidative mechanism in human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell line. Mol Cell Biochem. 2011 Mar;349(1-2):11-9.

Bachmeier BE, Mohrenz IV, Mirisola V, et al. Curcumin downregulates the inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and -2 in breast cancer cells via NFkappaB. Carcinogenesis. 2008 Apr;29(4):779-89.

Ramachandran C, Rodriguez S, Ramachandran R, et al. Expression profiles of apoptotic genes induced by curcumin in human breast cancer and mammary epithelial cell lines. Anticancer Res. 2005 Sep-Oct;25(5):3293-302.

[427] Reddy S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin is a non-competitive and selective inhibitor of phosphorylase kinase. FEBS Lett. 1994 Mar 14;341(1):19-22.
Davidson NE, Kennedy MJ. Protein kinase C and breast cancer. Cancer Treat Res. 1996;83:91-105.

Kuo ML, Huang TS, Lin JK. Curcumin, an antioxidant and anti-tumor promoter, induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Nov 15;1317(2):95-100.

Huang TS, Lee SC, Lin JK. Suppression of c-Jun/AP-1 activation by an inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse fibroblast cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jun 15;88(12):5292-6.

Ravindran J, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin and cancer cells: how many ways can curry kill tumor cells selectively? AAPS J. 2009 Sep;11(3):495-510. Banerjee M, Singh P, Panda D. Curcumin suppresses the dynamic instability of microtubules, activates the mitotic checkpoint and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. FEBS J. 2010 Aug;277(16):3437-48.

Sun A, Lu YJ, Hu H, Shoji M, Liotta DC, Snyder JP. Curcumin analog cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells: exploitation of a redox-dependent mechanism. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Dec 1;19(23):6627-31.

Quiroga A, Quiroga PL, Martinez E, Soria EA, Valentich MA. Anti-breast cancer activity of curcumin on the human oxidation-resistant cells ZR-75-1 with gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase inhibition. J Exp Ther Oncol. 2010;8(3):261-6.

Hua WF, Fu YS, Liao YJ, et al. Curcumin induces down-regulation of EZH2 expression through the MAPK pathway in MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2010 Jul 10;637(1-3):16-21.

Aggarwal BB, Kumar A et al. Anticancer potential of curcumin: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res. 2003 Jan;23(1A):363-98.
Sharma RA, Euden SA et al. Phase I clinical trial of oral curcumin: biomarkers of systemic activity and compliance. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Oct 15;10(20):6847-54.

Inano H, Onoda M et al. Potent preventive action of curcumin on radiation-induced initiation of mammary tumorigenesis in rats. Carcinogenesis. 2000 Oct;21(10):1835-41.

Prasad CP, Rath G, Mathur S, Bhatnagar D, Ralhan R. Potent growth suppressive activity of curcumin in human breast cancer cells: Modulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Oct 7;181(2):263-71.

Xia Y, Jin L, Zhang B, Xue H, Li Q, Xu Y. The potentiation of curcumin on insulin-like growth factor-1 action in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Life Sci. 2007 May 16;80(23):2161-9.

[428] Thangapazham RL, Sharma A, Maheshwari RK. Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. AAPS J. 2006;8(3):E443-9.

Banerjee M, Singh P, Panda D. Curcumin suppresses the dynamic instability of microtubules, activates the mitotic checkpoint and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. FEBS J. 2010 Aug;277(16):3437-48.

Bayet-Robert M, Kwiatkowski F, Leheurteur M, et al. Phase I dose escalation trial of docetaxel plus curcumin in patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010 Jan;9(1):8-14.

Subramaniam D, Ramalingam S, Houchen CW, Anant S. Cancer stem cells: a novel paradigm for cancer prevention and treatment. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2010 May;10(5):359-71.

Kakarala M, Brenner DE, Korkaya H, et al. Targeting breast stem cells with the cancer preventive compounds curcumin and piperine. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Aug;122(3):777-85.

[429] Yoon MJ, Kim EH, Lim JH, Kwon TK, Choi KS. Superoxide anion and proteasomal dysfunction contribute to curcumin-induced paraptosis of malignant breast cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2010 Mar 1;48(5):713-26.

[430] Das S. Garlic – a natural source of cancer preventive compounds. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2002;3(4):305-11.

[431] Hsing AW, Chokkalingam AP et al. Allium vegetables and risk of prostate cancer: a population-based study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Nov 6;94(21):1648-51.

Oommen S, Anto RJ et al. Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Feb 6;485(1-3):97-103.
Tanaka S, Haruma K et al. Effects of aged garlic extract (AGE) on colorectal adenomas: a double-blinded study. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 2004 Dec;53(3-4):39-45.
Xu B, Monsarrat B et al. Effect of ajoene, a natural antitumor small molecule, on human 20S proteasome activity in vitro and in human leukemic HL60 cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;18(2):171-80.

[432] Langer S. Garlic: the new cancer-fighting candidate. Better Nutrition for Today’s Living 1991 Jun. 1991.

[433] Hong YS, Ham YA, Choi JH, et al. Effects of allyl sulfur compounds and garlic extract on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 in non small cell lung cancer cell lines. Exp Mol Med. 2000 Sep 30;32(3):127-34.

[434] Davis JN, Kucuk O, Djuric Z, Sarkar FH. Soy isoflavone supplementation in healthy men prevents NF-kappa B activation by TNF-alpha in blood lymphocytes. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Jun 1;30(11):1293-302.

King-Batoon A, Leszczynska JM, Klein CB. Modulation of gene methylation by genistein or lycopene in breast cancer cells. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2008 Jan;49(1):36-45.

Hamdy SM, Latif AK, Drees EA, Soliman SM. Prevention of rat breast cancer by genistin and selenium. Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Nov 16.

Pugalendhi P, Manoharan S. Chemopreventive potential of genistein and daidzein in combination during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Pak J Biol Sci. 2010 Mar 15;13(6):279-86.

Jeune MA, Kumi-Diaka J, Brown J. Anticancer activities of pomegranate extracts and genistein in human breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2005 Winter;8(4):469-75.

Katdare M, Osborne M, Telang NT. Soy isoflavone genistein modulates cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis in HER-2/neu oncogene expressing human breast epithelial cells. Int J Oncol. 2002 Oct;21(4):809-15.

Li Y, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of c-erbB-2 in MDA-MB-435 cells by genistein. Int J Oncol. 1999 Sep;15(3):525-33.

[435] Kim SM, Chung MJ, Ha TJ, et al. Neuroprotective effects of black soybean anthocyanins via inactivation of ASK1-JNK/p38 pathways and mobilization of cellular sialic acids. Life Sci. 2012 Jun 6;90(21-22):874-82.

[436] Thompson MD, Mensack MM, Jiang W, et al. Cell signaling pathways associated with a reduction in mammary cancer burden by dietary common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jan;33(1):226-32.

Thompson MD, Thompson HJ. Physiological effects of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) consumption on cellular signaling in cancer. Cell Cycle. 2012 Mar 1;11(5):835-6.

Potischman N, Swanson CA, Coates RJ, et al. Intake of food groups and associated micronutrients in relation to risk of early-stage breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 1999;82:315-21.

Azevedo L, Gomes JC, Stringheta PC, et al. Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a protective agent against DNA damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2003 Dec;41(12):1671-6.

[437] . www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Shiitake_Mushroom.asp?sitearea=ETO .

[438] Dev Biol Stand. 1992;77:191-7.

[439] Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1319-27.

Wu G, Qian Z, Guo J, et al. Ganoderma lucidum extract induces G1 cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(3):631-42.

Lu H, Song J, Jia XB, Feng L. Antihepatoma activity of the acid and neutral components from Ganoderma lucidum. Phytother Res. 2012 Sep;26(9):1294-300.

Wu GS, Lu JJ, Guo JJ, et al. Ganoderic acid DM, a natural triterpenoid, induces DNA damage, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Fitoterapia. 2012 Mar;83(2):408-14.

Hu H, Ahn NS, Yang X, Lee YS, Kang KS. Ganoderma lucidum extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. Int J Cancer. 2002 Nov 20;102(3):250-3.

[440] Boh B. Ganoderma lucidum: a potential for biotechnological production of anti-cancer and immunomodulatory drugs. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2013 Sep;8(3):255-87.

[441] Lu H, Kyo E, Uesaka T, Katoh O, Watanabe H. A water-soluble extract from cultured medium of Ganoderma lucidum (Rei-shi) mycelia suppresses azoxymethane-induction of colon cancers in male F344 rats. Oncol Rep. 2003 Mar-Apr;10(2):375-9.

Sliva D, Loganathan J, Jiang J, et al. Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum prevents colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47873.

[442] Kashimoto N, Hayama M, Kamiya K, Watanabe H. Inhibitory effect of a water-soluble extract from the culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum (Rei-shi) mycelia on the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma induced by N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine in Wistar rats. Oncol Rep. 2006 Dec;16(6):1181-7.

[443] Kim S, Han J, Kim JS, et al. Silibinin suppresses EGFR ligand-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of EGFR activity in breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2011 Nov;31(11):3767-73.

Kim S, Kim SH, Hur SM, et al. Silibinin prevents TPA-induced MMP-9 expression by down-regulation of COX-2 in human breast cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Nov 12;126(2):252-7.

Lin CJ, Sukarieh R, Pelletier J. Silibinin inhibits translation initiation: implications for anticancer therapy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Jun;8(6):1606-12.

Wang HJ, Jiang YY, Wei XF, et al. Silibinin induces protective superoxide generation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Free Radic Res. 2010 Jan;44(1):90-100.

Wang HJ, Wei XF, Jiang YY, et al. Silibinin induces the generation of nitric oxide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Free Radic Res. 2010 May;44(5):577-84 Zi X, Feyes DK, Agarwal R. Anticarcinogenic effect of a flavonoid antioxidant, silymarin, in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB 468: induction of G1 arrest through an increase in Cip1/p21 concomitant with a decrease in kinase activity of cyclin-dependent kinases and associated cyclins. Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Apr;4(4):1055-64.

Noh EM, Yi MS, Youn HJ, et al. Silibinin enhances ultraviolet B-induced apoptosis in mcf-7 human breast cancer cells. J Breast Cancer. 2011 Mar;14(1):8-13.

[444] Zi X, Agarwal R. Silibinin decreases prostate-specific antigen with cell growth inhibition via G1 arrest, leading to differentiation of prostate carcinoma cells: implications for prostate cancer intervention. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Jun 22;96(13):7490-5.

[445] Scambia G, Ranelletti FO, Panici PB, et al. Quercetin potentiates the effect of adriamycin in a multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast-cancer cell line: P-glycoprotein as a possible target. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1994;34(6):459-64.

[446] Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, et al. Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol. 2006 Mar;132(5):615-22.

Rinner B, Li ZX, Haas H, et al. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of Uncaria tomentosa in human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):4519-28.

Pilarski R, Filip B, Wietrzyk J, Kuras M, Gulewicz K. Anticancer activity of the Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. preparations with different oxindole alkaloid composition. Phytomedicine. 2010 Dec 1;17(14):1133-9.

[447] Emanuel P, Scheinfeld N. A review of DNA repair and possible DNA-repair adjuvants and selected natural anti-oxidants. Dermatol Online J. 2007;13(3):10.

Anter J, Romero-Jimenez M, Fernandez-Bedmar Z, et al. Antigenotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis induction by apigenin, bisabolol, and protocatechuic acid. J Med Food. 2011 Mar;14(3):276-83.

[448] Bacher N, Tiefenthaler M, Sturm S, et al. Oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce apoptosis in proliferating, G0/G1-arrested and bcl-2-expressing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol. 2006 Mar;132(5):615-22.

Rinner B, Li ZX, Haas H, et al. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of Uncaria tomentosa in human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):4519-28.

Farias I, do Carmo Araujo M, Zimmermann ES, et al. Uncaria tomentosa stimulates the proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Sep 1;137(1):856-63.

Santos Araújo Mdo C, Farias IL, Gutierres J, et al. Uncaria tomentosa-adjuvant treatment for breast cancer: Clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:676984.

Cheng AC, Jian CB, Huang YT, Lai CS, Hsu PC, Pan MH. Induction of apoptosis by Uncaria tomentosa through reactive oxygen species production, cytochrome c release, and caspases activation in human leukemia cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Nov;45(11):2206-18.

[449] Anon. Monograph. Withania somnifera. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Jun;9(2):211-4.

Jayaprakasam B, Zhang Y, Seeram NP, Nair MG. Growth inhibition of human tumor cell lines by withanolides from Withania somnifera leaves. Life Sci. 2003 Nov 21;74(1):125-32.

[450] Mathur R, Gupta SK, Singh N, et al. Evaluation of the effect of Withania somnifera root extracts on cell cycle and angiogenesis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Jan 9.

[451] Padmavathi B, Rath PC, Rao AR, Singh RP. Roots of Withania somnifera inhibit forestomach and skin carcinogenesis in mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Mar;2(1):99-105.

Mathur S, Kaur P, Sharma M, et al. The treatment of skin carcinoma, induced by UV B radiation, using 1-oxo-5beta, 6beta-epoxy-witha-2-enolide, isolated from the roots of Withania somnifera, in a rat model. Phytomedicine. 2004 Jul;11(5):452-60.

[452] Christina AJ, Joseph DG, Packialakshmi M, et al. Anticarcinogenic activity of Withania somnifera Dunal against Dalton’s ascitic lymphoma. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Aug;93(2-3):359-61.

[453] Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Pushpangadan P. Antioxidant approach to disease management and the role of ‘Rasayana’ herbs of Ayurveda. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jun 3;99(2):165-78.

[454] Anon. Monograph. Withania somnifera. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Jun;9(2):211-4.

Owais M, Sharad KS, Shehbaz A, Saleemuddin M. Antibacterial efficacy of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) an indigenous medicinal plant against experimental murine salmonellosis. Phytomedicine. 2005 Mar;12(3):229-35.

[455] J Pineal Res. 2012 Jul 17 (doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2012.01030.x.). [nk2]

Ram PT, Yuan L, Dai J, et al. Differential responsiveness of MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line stocks to the pineal hormone, melatonin. J Pineal Res. 2000 May;28(4):210-8.

Rogelsperger O, Wlcek K, Ekmekcioglu C, et al. Melatonin receptors, melatonin metabolizing enzymes and cyclin D1 in human breast cancer. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2011 Apr;31(2):180-7.

Cos S, Alvarez A, Mediavilla MD, et al. Influence of serum from healthy or breast tumor-bearing women on the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Int J Mol Med. 2000 Jun;5(6):651-6.

[456] Rao GN, Ney E, Herbert RA. Effect of melatonin and linolenic acid on mammary cancer in transgenic mice with c-neu breast cancer oncogene. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Dec;64(3):287-96.

Subramanian A, Kothari L. Suppressive effect by melatonin on different phases of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary gland carcinogenesis. Anticancer Drugs. 1991 Jun;2(3):297-303.

Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Cos S, Fernandez R, et al. Melatonin and mammary cancer: a short review. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003 Jun;10(2):153-9

Girgert R, Bartsch C, Hill SM, Kreienberg R, Hanf V. Tracking the elusive antiestrogenic effect of melatonin: a new methodological approach. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003 Dec;24(6):440-4.

Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Mediavilla MD, Alonso-Gonzalez C, Reiter RJ. Melatonin uses in oncology: breast cancer prevention and reduction of the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012 Jun;21(6):819-31.

[457] Ram PT, Yuan L, Dai J, et al. Differential responsiveness of MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line stocks to the pineal hormone, melatonin. J Pineal Res. 2000 May;28(4):210-8.

[458] Rao GN, Ney E, Herbert RA. Effect of melatonin and linolenic acid on mammary cancer in transgenic mice with c-neu breast cancer oncogene. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Dec;64(3):287-96.

[459] Proietti S, Cucina A, D’Anselmi F, et al. Melatonin and vitamin D3 synergistically down-regulate Akt and MDM2 leading to TGFbeta-1-dependent growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. J Pineal Res. 2011 Mar;50(2):150-8.

[460] Brzezinski A. Melatonin in humans. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jan 16;336(3):186-95.

Oosthuizen JM, Bornman MS, Barnard HC, et al. Melatonin and steroid-dependent carcinomas. Andrologia. 1989 Sep;21(5):429-31.

[461] Holdaway IM, Mason BH, Gibbs EE, et al. Seasonal variation in the secretion of mammotrophic hormones in normal women and women with previous breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997 Jan;42(1):15-22.

[462] Jang M, Pezzuto JM. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1999;25(2-3):65-77. .

Kiskova T, Ekmekcioglu C, Garajova M, et al. A combination of resveratrol and melatonin exerts chemopreventive effects in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012 Mar;21(2):163-70.

[463] Pezzuto J. Functional Foods for Health. Resveratrol in Grapes Fights Cancer 1997.1997.

[464] Jang M, Pezzuto JM. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1999;25(2-3):65-77.

[465] Koyoma S, Cobb LJ, Mehta HH et al. Pomegranate extract induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells by modulation of the IGF-IGFBP axis. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2010;20:55-62.

Khan SA. The role of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in colon cancer. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2009;22:346-8.

Adhami VM, Khan N, Mukhtar H. Cancer chemoprevention by pomegranate: laboratory and clinical evidence. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(6):811-5.

[466] Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004 Aug;13(4):345-8.

[467] Dikmen M, Ozturk N, Ozturk Y. The antioxidant potency of Punica granatum L. Fruit peel reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis on breast cancer. J Med Food. 2011 Dec;14(12):1638-46.

Grossmann ME, Mizuno NK, Schuster T, Cleary MP. Punicic acid is an omega-5 fatty acid capable of inhibiting breast cancer proliferation. Int J Oncol. 2010 Feb;36(2):421-6.

Joseph MM, Aravind SR, Varghese S, Mini S, Sreelekha TT. Evaluation of antioxidant, antitumor and immunomodulatory properties of polysaccharide isolated from fruit rind of Punica granatum. Mol Med Report. 2012 Feb;5(2):489-96.

Dai Z, Nair V, Khan M, Ciolino HP. Pomegranate extract inhibits the proliferation and viability of MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse mammary cancer stem cells in vitro. Oncol Rep. 2010 Oct;24(4):1087-91.

Jeune MA, Kumi-Diaka J, Brown J. Anticancer activities of pomegranate extracts and genistein in human breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2005 Winter;8(4):469-75.

[468] Karpov LM, Dvuzhil’naia ED, Savvov VI, et al. [S35 lipoic acid distribution and its effect on pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in rats with Walker carcinoma]. Vopr Onkol. 1977;23(10):87-90.

[469] De Flora S. Detoxification of genotoxic compounds as a threshold mechanism limiting their carcinogenicity. ToxicolPathol. 1984;12(4):337–43.

Wilpart M, Speder A, et al. Anti-initiation activity of N-acetylcysteine in experimental colonic carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett. 1986;31(3):319–24.

[470] Maillard V, Bougnoux P, Ferrari P, et al. N-3 and N-6 fatty acids in breast adipose tissue and relative risk of breast cancer in a case-control study in Tours, France. Int J Cancer. 2002 Mar 1;98(1):78-83.

http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f3706. August 22, 2013.

[471] Bartsch, H., Nair, J., Owen, RW.: Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancers of the breast and colorectum: emerging evidence for their role as risk modifiers. Carcinogenesis 1999; 20: 2209-18

De Deckere, EA.: Possible beneficial effect of fish and fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast and colorectal cancer. Eur J cancer Prev 1999; 8: 213-21.

Kim J, Lim SY, Shin A, et al. Fatty fish and fish omega-3 fatty acid intakes decrease the breast cancer risk: a case-control study. BMC Cancer. 2009 Jun 30;9:216.

Rose, DP., Dietary fatty acids and breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 66(Suppl.): 998S-1003S. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 81

Bagga D, Anders KH, Wang HJ, et al. Long-chain n-3-to-n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios in breast adipose tissue from women with and without breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2002;42(2):180-5.
Goodstine SL, Zheng T, Holford TR, et al. Dietary (n-3)/(n-6) fatty acid ratio: possible relationship to premenopausal but not postmenopausal breast cancer risk in U.S. women. J Nutr. 2003 May;133(5):1409-14.

[472] Kuriki K, Hirose K, Wakai K, et al. Breast cancer risk and erythrocyte compositions of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in Japanese. Int J Cancer. 2007 Jul 15;121(2):377-85.

[473] Pizzorno J. Omega 3-fatty acids: a key nutrient in cancer care. Presented at Comprehensive Cancer Care 2001, Arlington, VA, October 17-21, 2001.2001;October 17-21, 2001.

[474] de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, Boucher P, Mamelle N. Mediterranean dietary pattern in a randomized trial: prolonged survival and possible reduced cancer rate. Arch Intern Med. 1998 Jun 8;158(11):1181-7.

[475] Goodstine SL, Zheng T, Holford TR, et al. Dietary (n-3)/(n-6) fatty acid ratio: possible relationship to premenopausal but not postmenopausal breast cancer risk in U.S. women. J Nutr. 2003 May;133(5):1409-14.
Yee LD, Lester JL, Cole RM, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements in women at high risk of breast cancer have dose-dependent effects on breast adipose tissue fatty acid composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May;91(5):1185-94.

[476] Bagga D, Anders KH, Wang HJ, et al. Long-chain n-3-to-n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios in breast adipose tissue from women with and without breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2002;42(2):180-5.

[477] Gago-Dominguez M, Yuan JM, Sun CL, et al. Opposing effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on mammary carcinogenesis: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Br J Cancer. 2003 Nov 3;89(9):1686-92.

[478] Bougnoux, P., Koschielny, S., Cajes, V. et al.: Alpha-linolenic acid content of adipose breast tissue: a host determinant of the risk of early metastasis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1994: 330-34.

[479] Klein V, Chajes V, Germain E, et al. Low alpha-linolenic acid content of adipose breast tissue is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Feb;36(3):335-40.

Maillard V, Bougnoux P, Ferrari P, et al. N-3 and N-6 fatty acids in breast adipose tissue and relative risk of breast cancer in a case-control study in Tours, France. Int J Cancer. 2002 Mar 1;98(1):78-83.

[481] Thompson, L.U., et al. “Flaxseed and its lignan and oil components reduce mammary tumor growth at a late stage of carcinogenesis.” Carcinogenesis, 1996, 17(6):1373-6. Health News 2000

[482] Cameron E. Divergent effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on mammary tumor development in C3H/Heston mice treated with DMBA. Nutr Res. 1989;(9):383-93.

[483] McCann SE, Muti P, Vito D, Edge SB, Trevisan M, Freudenheim JL. Dietary lignan intakes and risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 1;111(3):440-3.

[484] Ip MM, Masso-Welch PA, Shoemaker SF, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of normal rat mammary epithelial cells in primary culture. Exp Cell Res. 1999 Jul 10;250(1):22-34.

Wang LS, Huang YW, Liu S, Yan P, Lin YC. Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis through estrogen receptor alpha in human breast tissue. BMC Cancer. 2008;8:208.

[485] Cornell News. Butter Enhanced with Natural Fatty Acids Reduces Breast Cancer Risk in Animals. Cornell News.1999.

Ip MM, Masso-Welch PA, Ip C. Prevention of mammary cancer with conjugated linoleic acid: role of the stroma and the epithelium. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2003 Jan;8(1):103-18.

[486] Nutr Cancer. 1995;24(1):33-45.

[487] Mol Cell Biochem. 2001 Feb;218(1-2):13-20.

Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Apr;74(4):271-82.

[488] O LeGendre, P A S Breslin & D A Foster:

^{Oleocanthal rapidly and selectively induces cancer cell death via lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP)}^{Molecular & Cellulular Oncology.}^{http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23723556.2015.1006077#.VOhlt2B0zAU}

[489] van den Bemd GJ, Chang GT. Vitamin D and vitamin D analogs in cancer treatment. Curr Drug Targets. 2002 Feb;3(1):85-94.

Bortman P, Folgueira MA, Katayama ML, Snitcovsky IM, Brentani MM. Antiproliferative effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on breast cells: a mini review. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002 Jan;35(1):1-9.

Crew KD, Gammon MD, Steck SE, et al. Association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Jun;2(6):598-604.

[490] Hakko H, Räsänen P, Niemelä A, Koivukangas J, Mainio A. Season of tumor surgery in relation to deaths among brain tumor patients: does sunlight and month of surgery play a role in brain tumor deaths? Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2009 Nov;151(11):1369-75.

[491] Porojnicu AC, Robsahm TE, Dahlback A, Berg JP, Christiani D, er al. Seasonal and geographical variations in lung cancer prognosis in Norway. Does Vitamin D from the sun play a role? Lung Cancer. 2007 Mar;55(3):263-70.

[492] Stajner I. Season of breast cancer diagnosis and probability of death from breast cancer in the United States. Int J Cancer. 2010 Jun 15;126(12):3010-3.

[493] Robinson D. Season of cancer diagnosis exerts distinct effects upon short- and long-term survival. Int J Cancer. 2010 Jun 15;126(12):3013.

[494] Abbas S, Linseisen J, Slanger T, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of post-menopausal breast cancer–results of a large case-control study. Carcinogenesis. 2008 Jan;29(1):93-9.

Garland CF, Gorham ED, Mohr SB, et al. Vitamin D and prevention of breast cancer: pooled analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Mar;103(3-5):708-11.

ieth R. Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 May;69(5):842-56.

[495] Lappe JM, Travers-Gustafson D, Davies KM, Recker RR, Heaney RP. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: results of a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jun;85(6):1586-91.

Garland CF, Garland FC, Gorham ED, et al. The role of vitamin D in cancer prevention. Am J Public Health. 2006 Feb;96(2):252-61.

Samuel S, Sitrin MD. Vitamin D’s role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Nutr Rev. 2008 Oct;66(10Suppl2):S116-24.

[496] Xie SP, Pirianov G, Colston KW. Vitamin D analogues suppress IGF-I signalling and promote apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Eur J Cancer. 1999 Nov;35(12):1717-23.

Lowe L, Hansen CM, Senaratne S, Colston KW. Mechanisms implicated in the growth regulatory effects of vitamin D compounds in breast cancer cells. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2003;164:99-110.

Crew KD, Gammon MD, Steck SE, et al. Association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Jun;2(6):598-604.

Lee HJ, Ji Y, Paul S, Maehr H, Uskokovic M, Suh N. Activation of bone morphogenetic protein signaling by a Gemini vitamin D3 analogue is mediated by Ras/protein kinase C alpha. Cancer Res. 2007 Dec 15;67(24):11840-7.

[497] Aloia JF, Patel M, Dimaano R, et al. Vitamin D intake to attain a desire

d serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jun;87(6):1952-8.

Mocanu V, Stitt PA, Costan AR, et al. Long-term effects of giving nursing home residents bread fortified with 125 microg (5000 IU) vitamin D(3) per daily serving. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;89(4):1132-7.

[498] Sundram K, Khor HT, Ong AS, et al. Effect of dietary palm oils on mammary carcinogenesis in female rats induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Cancer Res. 1989 Mar 15;49(6):1447-51.

[499] Nesaretnam K, Dorasamy S, Darbre PD. Tocotrienols inhibit growth of ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2000;51 Suppl:S95-103.

Comitato R, Leoni G, Canali R, Ambra R, Nesaretnam K, Virgili F. Tocotrienols activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: involvement of ERbeta signal transduction. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 May;54(5):669-78.

Park SK, Sanders BG, Kline K. Tocotrienols induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines via an endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent increase in extrinsic death receptor signaling. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Nov;124(2):361-75.

Gysin R, Azzi A, Visarius T. Gamma-tocopherol inhibits human cancer cell cycle progression and cell proliferation by down-regulation of cyclins. FASEB J. 2002;16(14):1952-4.

[500] McIntyre BS, Briski KP, Gapor A, et al. Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of tocopherols and tocotrienols on preneoplastic and neoplastic mouse mammary epithelial cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000 Sep;224(4):292-301.

Hsieh TC, Elangovan S, Wu JM. gamma-Tocotrienol controls proliferation, modulates expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins and up-regulates quinone reductase NQO2 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2010 Jul;30(7):2869-74.

Nesaretnam K, Gomez PA, Selvaduray KR, Razak GA. Tocotrienol levels in adipose tissue of benign and malignant breast lumps in patients in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(3):498-504.

Nesaretnam K, Meganathan P, Veerasenan SD, Selvaduray KR. Tocotrienols and breast cancer: the evidence to date. Genes Nutr. 2012 Jan;7(1):3-9.

Patacsil D, Tran AT, Cho YS, et al. Gamma-tocotrienol induced apoptosis is associated with unfolded protein response in human breast cancer cells. J Nutr Biochem. 2012 Jan;23(1):93-100.

Sylvester PW, Wali VB, Bachawal SV, Shirode AB, Ayoub NM, Akl MR. Tocotrienol combination therapy results in synergistic anticancer response. Front Biosci. 2012;17:3183-95.

[501] Sinha R, Kiley SC, Lu JX, et al. Effects of methylselenocysteine on PKC activity, cdk2 phosphorylation and gadd gene expression in synchronized mouse mammary epithelial tumor cells. Cancer Lett. 1999 Nov 15;146(2):135-45.

Sinha R, Medina D. Inhibition of cdk2 kinase activity by methylselenocysteine in synchronized mouse mammary epithelial tumor cells. Carcinogenesis. 1997 Aug;18(8):1541-7.

Chen T, Wong YS, Zheng W. Induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells by selenium-enriched Spirulina extract. Biomed Pharmacother. 2009 Oct 27.

[502] Ip C, Dong Y. Methylselenocysteine modulates proliferation and apoptosis biomarkers in premalignant lesions of the rat mammary gland. Anticancer Res. 2001 Mar;21(2A):863-7.

Hamdy SM, Latif AK, Drees EA, Soliman SM. Prevention of rat breast cancer by genistin and selenium. Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Nov 16.

[503] Blanchard CM, Denniston MM, Baker F, Ainsworth SR, Courneya KS, Hann DM, Gesme DH, Reding D, Flynn T, Kennedy JS. Do adults change their lifestyle behaviors after a cancer diagnosis? Am J Health Behav. 2003 May-Jun;27(3):246-56.

[504] JAMA 2005; 293: 2479-96

[505] Journal of the American Medical Association, 2003; 290: 1331-6

[506] Zafra-Stone S, Yasmin T, Bagchi M, Chatterjee A, Vinson JA, Bagchi D. Berry anthocyanins as novel antioxidants in human health and disease prevention. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jun;51(6): 675-83.

Balaban RS, Nemoto S, Finkel T. Mitochondria, oxidants, and aging. Cell. 2005 Feb 25;120(4):483-95.

Inoue M, Sato EF, Nishikawa M, Hiramoto K, Kashiwagi A, Utsumi K. Free radical theory of apoptosis and metamorphosis. Redox Rep. 2004;9(5):237-47.

Harman D. The free radical theory of aging. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2003 Oct;5(5):557-61

[507] Ebadi M, Srinivasan SK, Baxi MD. Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy in Parkinson’s disease. Prog Neurobiol. 1996;48:1-19.

[508] Markesbery WR, Carney JM. Oxidative alterations in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Pathol. 1999;9:133-46.

[509] Olanow CW, Arendash GW. Metals and free radicals in neurode-generation. Curr Opin Neurol. 1994;7:548-58.

Simonian NA, Coyle JT. Oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996;36:83-106.

[510] Bowler RP, Crapo JD. Oxidative stress in allergic respiratory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110:349-56.

[511] Kovacic P, Jacintho JD. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis: focus on oxidative stress and electron transfer. Curr Med Chem. 2001; 8:773-96.

[512] Blanchetot C, Boonstra J. The ROS-NOX connection in cancer and angiogenesis. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2008;18(1):35-45.

Xia C, Meng Q, Liu LZ, Rojanasakul Y, Wang XR, Jiang BH. Reactive oxygen species regulate angiogenesis and tumor growth through vascular endothelial growth factor. Cancer Res. 2007 Nov 15;67(22):10823-30.

[513] Malins DC, Polissar NL, Gunselman SJ. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1996; 93(6): 2557-63.

[514] Zafra-Stone S, Yasmin T, Bagchi M, Chatterjee A, Vinson JA, Bagchi D. Berry anthocyanins as novel antioxidants in human health and disease prevention. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Jun;51(6): 675-83.

Veberic R, Jakopic J, Stampar F, Schmitzer V. European elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) rich in sugars, organic acids, anthocyanins and selected polyphenols. Food Chem. 2009;114:511-5.

Koponen JM, Happonen AM, Mattila PH, Törrönen AR. Contents of anthocyanins and ellagitannins in selected foods consumed in Finland. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Feb 21;55(4):1612-9. Epub 2007 Jan 30.

Wu X, Beecher G, Holden JM, Haytowitz DB, Gebhardt SE, Prior RL. Concentrations of anthocyanins in common foods in the United States and estimation of normal consumption. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54:4069-75.

[515] http://naturli.dk/helsenyt

[516] Youdim KA, Martin A, Joseph JA. Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Jul 1;29(1):51-60.

Ciocoiu M, Miron A, Mares L, et al. The effects of Sambucus nigra polyphenols on oxidative stress and metabolic disorders in experiemental diabetes mellitus. J Physiol Biochem. 2009 Sep;65(3):297-304.

[517] Dai J, Patel JD, Mumper RJ. Characterization of blackberry extract and its antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. J Med Food. 2007;10:258-65.

[518] Acquaviva R, Russo A, Galvano F, et al. Cyanidin and cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside as DNA cleavage protectors and antioxidants. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2003;19:243-52.

[519] Tsuda T, Shiga K, Ohshima K, Kawakishi S, Osawa T. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the active oxygen radical scavenging effect of anthocyanin pigments isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris L. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Oct 11;52(7):1033-9.

[520] Tsuda T, Horio F, Kato Y, Osawa T. Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside attenuates the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury through a decrease in the neutrophil chemoattractant production in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2002 Apr;48(2):134-41.

[521] Tsuda T, Horio F, Osawa T. Dietary cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside increases ex vivo oxidation resistance of serum in rats. Lipids. 1998 Jun;33(6):583-8.

[522]Serraino I, Dugo L, Dugo P, et al. Protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from blackberry extract against peroxynitrite-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular failure. Life Sci. 2003 Jul 18;73(9):1097-114.

[523] Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Gadjeva V, Ivanova D, Belcheva A. Antioxidant activity of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice in vitro. Acta Alimentaria. 2007;36(4):425-28.

[524] Valcheva-Kuzmanova SV, Belcheva A. Current knowledge of Aronia melanocarpa as a medicinal plant. Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2006;48(2):11-7.

[525] Borissova P, Valcheva S, Belcheva A. Antiinflammatory effect of flavonoids in the natural juice from Aronia melanocarpa, rutin and rutin-magnesium complex on an experimental model of inflammation induced by histamine and serotonin. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg. 1994;20(1):25-30.

[526] Park JS, Chyun JH, Kim YK, et al. Astaxanthin decreased oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced immune response in humans. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2010;7:18.

[527] J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2009 Nov;28(4):482-8.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Mar;81(3):611-4.

[528] J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2009 Nov;28(4):482-8.

[529] Zhang L, Yu H, Sun Y, et al. Protective effects of salidroside on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 14;564(1-3):18-25.

[530] Ruby AJ, Kuttan G, Babu KD, et al. Anti-tumour and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids. Cancer Lett. 1995 Jul 20;94(1):79-83.

Ahsan H, Parveen N, Khan NU, et al. Pro-oxidant, anti-oxidant and cleavage activities on DNA of curcumin and its derivatives demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Chem Biol Interact. 1999 Jul 1;121(2):161-75.

Li JK, Lin-Shia SY. Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China B. 2001 Apr;25(2):59-66.

[531] Bengmark S.: Curcumin, an atoxic antioxidant and natural NFkappaB, cyclooxygenase-2, lipooxygenase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor: a shield against acute and chronic diseases. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2006 Jan-Feb;30(1):45-51.

Menon VP, Sudheer AR. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin.

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:105-25.

[532] Curcumin and piperine. http://www.blockmd.com/blog/curcumin-and-piperine 04/03/2014

[533] Weitzel C, Petersen M. Enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism in the important medicinal plant Melissa officinalis L. Planta. 2010 Aug;232(3):731-42.

[534] Zeraatpishe A, Oryan S, Bagheri MH, et al. Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on oxidative status and DNA damage in subjects exposed to long-term low-dose ionizing radiation. Toxicol Ind Health. 2011 Apr;27(3):205-12.

[535] Chen A, Zhang L, et al. The antioxidant (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits activated hepatic stellate cell growth and suppresses acetaldehyde-induced gene expression. Biochem J. 2002;368(Pt 3):695–704.

[536] Zhong Z, Froh M, et al. Polyphenols from Camellia sinenesisattenuate experimental cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003;285(5):1004–13.

Jimenez-Lopez JM, Cederbaum AI. Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects HepG2 cells against CYP2E1-dependent toxicity. Free RadicBiol Med. 2004;36(3):359–70.

[537] Panza VS, Wazlawik E, Ricardo Schütz G, Comin L, Hecht KC, da Silva EL. Consumption of green tea favorably affects oxidative stress markers in weight-trained men. Nutrition. 2008.

[538] Patchen M.L., MacVittie T, Jackson W; “Survival enhancement and hemopoietic regeneration following radiation exposure, therapeutic approach using glucan and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF]. “Exp. Hematol. 18:1042-1048. 1990.

[539] Owen RW, Haubner R, Wurtele G, Hull E, Spiegelhalder B, Bartsch H. Olives and olive oil in cancer prevention. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004 Aug;13(4):319-26.

[540] Trichopoulou A, Orfanos P, Norat T, et al. Modified Mediterranean diet and survival: EPIC-elderly prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2005 Apr 30;330(7498):991.

[541] Trichopoulou A, Bania C, Trichopoulou D. Mediterranean diet and survival among patients with coronary heart disease in Greece. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Apr 25;165(8):929-35.

[542] Trichopoulou A, Vasilopoulou E. Mediterranean diet and longevity. Br J Nutr. 2000 Dec;84 Suppl 2:S205-9.

[543] Marrugat J, Covas MI, Fito M, et al. Effects of differing phenolic content in dietary olive oils on lipids and LDL oxidation—a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Jun;43(3):140-7.

Covas MI, Fito M, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Sebastia N, de la Torre-Boronat C, Marrugat J. Virgin olive oil phenolic compounds: binding to human low density lipoprotein (LDL) and effect on LDL oxidation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 2000;20(3-4):49-54.

O’Dowd Y, Driss F, Dang PM, et al. Antioxidant effect of hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol from olive oil: scavenging of hydrogen peroxide but not superoxide anion produced by human neutrophils. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Nov 15;68(10):2003-8.

Visioli F, Bogani P, Grande S, Galli C. Mediterranean food and health: building human evidence. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2005 Mar;56 Suppl 1:37-49.

Vissers MN, Zock PL, Leenen R, Roodenburg AJ, van Putte KP, Katan MB. Effect of consumption of phenols from olives and extra virgin olive oil on LDL oxidizability in healthy humans. Free Radic Res. 2001 Nov;35(5):619-29.

Visioli F, Bellomo G, Galli C. Free radical-scavenging properties of olive oil polyphenols. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jun 9;247(1):60-4.

Visioli F, Galli C. Oleuropein protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation. Life Sci. 1994;55(24):1965-71.

Masella R, Vari R, D’Archivio M, et al. Extra virgin olive oil biophenols inhibit cell-mediated oxidation of LDL by increasing the mRNA transcription of glutathione-related enzymes. J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):785-91.

Kris-Etherton PM, Hecker KD, Bonanome A, et al. Bioactive compounds in foods: their role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Am J Med. 2002 Dec 30;113 Suppl 9B:71S-88S.

Simopoulos AP. The Mediterranean diets: What is so special about the diet of Greece? The scientific evidence. J Nutr. 2001 Nov;131(11 Suppl):3065S-73S.

Romero C, Brenes M, Garcia P, Garrido A. Hydroxytyrosol 4-beta-D-glucoside, an important phenolic compound in olive fruits and derived products. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jun 19;50(13):3835-9.

Romero C, Brenes M, Garcia P, Garcia A, Garrido A. Polyphenol changes during fermentation of naturally black olives. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr 7;52(7):1973-9.

Aviram M. Interaction of oxidized low density lipoprotein with macrophages in atherosclerosis, and the antiatherogenicity of antioxidants. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1996 Aug;34(8):599-608.

Mateos R, Dominguez MM, Espartero JL, Cert A. Antioxidant effect of phenolic compounds, alpha-tocopherol, and other minor components in virgin olive oil. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Nov 19;51(24):7170-5.

Masella R, Giovannini C, Vari R, et al. Effects of dietary virgin olive oil phenols on low density lipoprotein oxidation in hyperlipidemic patients. Lipids. 2001Nov;36(11):1195-202.

Vissers MN, Zock PL, Katan MB. Bioavailability and antioxidant effects of olive oil phenols in humans: a review. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;58(6):955-65.

Lavelli V. Comparison of the antioxidant activities of extra virgin olive oils. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 18;50(26):7704-8.

de la Puerta R, Martinez-Dominguez E, Ruiz-Gutierrez V. Effect of minor components of virgin olive oil on topical antiinflammatory assays. Z Naturforsch [C]. 2000 Sep-Oct;55(9-10):814-9.

de la Puerta R, Martinez Dominguez ME, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Flavill JA, Hoult JR. Effects of virgin olive oil phenolics on scavenging of reactive nitrogen species and upon nitrergic neurotransmission. Life Sci. 2001 Jul 27; 69(10):1213-22.

Wiseman SA, Tijburg LB, van de Put FH. Olive oil phenolics protect LDL and spare vitamin E in the hamster. Lipids. 2002 Nov;37(11):1053-7.

Owen RW, Giacosa A, Hull WE, Haubner R, Spiegelhalder B, Bartsch H. The antioxidant/anticancer potential of phenolic compounds isolated from olive oil. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Jun;36(10):1235-47.

Tuck KL, Freeman MP, Hayball PJ, Stretch GL, Stupans I. The in vivo fate of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, antioxidant phenolic constituents of olive oil, after intravenous and oral dosing of labeled compounds to rats. J Nutr. 2001 Jul;131(7):1993-6.

Miles EA, Zoubouli P, Calder PC. Differential anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic compounds from extra virgin olive oil identified in human whole blood cultures. Nutrition. 2005 Mar;21(3):389-94.

[544] Menendez JA, Lupu R. Mediterranean dietary traditions for the molecular treatment of human cancer: anti-oncogenic actions of the main olive oil’s monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid (18:1n-9). Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2006 Dec;7(6):495-502.

[545] Walzem RL, Dillard CJ, et al. Whey components: millennia of evolution create functionalities for mammalian nutrition: what we know and what we may be overlooking. Crit Rev Food SciNutr. 2002;42(4):353–75.

[546] Steijns JM, van Hooijdonk AC. Occurrence, structure, biochemical properties and technological characteristics of lactoferrin. Br J Nutr. 2000;84Suppl 1:11–7.

[547] Marshall K. Therapeutic applications of whey protein.Altern Med Rev. 2004;9(2):136–56.

[548] Nishiya K, Horwitz DA. Contrasting effects of lactoferrin on human lymphocyte and monocyte natural killer activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.J Immunol. 1982;129(6):2519–23.

Watanabe A, Okada K, et al. Nutritional therapy of chronic hepatitis by whey protein (non-heated). J Med. 2000;31(5–6):283–302.

[549] Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) treatment on edothelium-dependant vasodilation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Invest. 201; 40(2):148-54. Arch Biochem Biophys, 20. februar 2009.
Magis D, Ambrosini A, Sandor P, Jacquy J, Laloux P, Schoenen J. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thioctic acid in migraine prophylaxis. Headache januar 2007:47(1 ):57-2.
Packer, L. et al.: Alpha lipoic acid – the metabolic antioxidant. Free Radical Biology & Medicine;20:625-26, 1996.

http://helsenyt.com/frame.cfm/cms/id=7695/sprog=1/grp=8/menu=3/

[550] http://www.lef.org

[551] Malins, Donald C., et al. Progression of human breast cancers to the metastatic state is linked to hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Vol. 93, No. 6, March 19, 1996, pp. 2557-63. http://www.yourhealthbase.com/vitamin_C.htm

[552] Serbinova E, Kagan V, Han D, et al. Free radical recycling and intramembrane mobility in the antioxidant properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol. Free Radic Biol Med. 1991;10(5):263-75.
Theriault A, Chao JT, Wang Q, et al. Tocotrienol: a review of its therapeutic potential. Clin Biochem. 1999 Jul;32(5):309-19.

[553] Kuppusamy UR, Dharmani M, et al. Antioxidant enzyme activities of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to trace elements. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2005 Jul;106(1):29–40.

[554] Folkers K, Osterborg A, Nylander M, Morita M, Mellstedt H. Activities of vitamin Q10 in animal models and a serious deficiency in patients with cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997;234(2):296-299. (PubMed)

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Folkers K. Partial and complete regression of breast cancer in patients in relation to dosage of coenzyme Q10. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 30;199(3):1504-8.

Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Augmented efficacy of tamoxifen in rat breast tumorigenesis when gavaged along with riboflavin, niacin, and CoQ10: effects on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact. 2005 Feb 28;152(1):49-58.

Portakal O, Ozkaya O, Erden Inal M, Bozan B, Kosan M, Sayek I. Coenzyme Q10 concentrations and antioxidant status in tissues of breast cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2000 Jun;33(4):279-84.

Premkumar VG, Yuvaraj S, Sathish S, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Anti-angiogenic potential of CoenzymeQ10, riboflavin and niacin in breast cancer patients undergoing tamoxifen therapy. Vascul Pharmacol. 2008 Apr-Jun;48(4-6):191-201.

[555] Portakal O, Ozkaya O, Erden Inal M, Bozan B, Kosan M, Sayek I. Coenzyme Q10 concentrations and antioxidant status in tissues of breast cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2000 Jun;33(4):279-84.

[556] Alleva R, Tomasetti M, et al. The roles of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E on the peroxidation of human low density lipoprotein subfractions.ProcNatlAcadSci U S A. 1995 Sep 26;92(20):9388–91.

[557] Qidwai W, Alim SR, Dhanani RH, et al. Use of folk remedies among patients in Karachi Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2003 Apr;15(2):31-3.

Minamiyama Y, Takemura S, Yoshikawa T, Okada S. Fermented grain products, production, properties and benefits to health. Pathophysiology. 2003 Oct;9(4):221-7.

[558] Yamashita K, Nohara Y, Katayama K, Nami ki M. Sesame seed lignans and gamma-tocopherol act synergistically to produce vitamin E activity in rats. J Nutr. 1992;122(12):2440-6.

[559] Yamashita K, Kagaya M, Higuti N, Kiso Y. Sesamin and alpha-tocopherol synergistically suppress lipid-peroxide in rats fed a high docosahexaenoic acid diet. Biofactors. 2000;11(1-2):11-3.

Ghafoorunissa, Hemalatha S, Rao MV. Sesame lignans enhance antioxidant activity of vitamin E in lipid peroxidation systems. Mol Cell Biochem. 2004 Jul;262(1-2):195-202.

Hemalatha S, Raghunath M, Ghafoorunissa. Dietary sesame oils inhibits iron-induced oxidative stress in rats [corrected] Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):581-7.

[560] Ghafoorunissa, Hemalatha S, Rao MV. Sesame lignans enhance antioxidant activity of vitamin E in lipid peroxidation systems. Mol Cell Biochem. 2004 Jul;262(1-2):195-202.

Hemalatha S, Raghunath M, Ghafoorunissa. Dietary sesame oils inhibits iron-induced oxidative stress in rats [corrected] Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):581-7.

[561] Ikeda S, Kagaya M, Kobayashi K, et al. Dietary sesame lignans decrease lipid peroxidation in rats fed docosahexaenoic acid. J Nut Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2003 Sep;49(4):270-6.

[562] Cooney RV, Custer LJ, Okinaka L, Franke AA. Effects of dietary sesame seeds on plasma tocopherol levels. Nutr Cancer. 2001;39(1):66-71.

[563] Lemcke-Norojarvi M, Kamal-Eldin A, Appelqvist LA, Dimberg LH, Ohrvall M, Vessby B. Corn and sesame oil increase serum gamma-tocopherol concentrations in healthy Swedish women. J Nutr. 2001 Apr;131(4):1195-201.

[564] Comprehensive Cancer Care 2001

[565] Newmark T. Beyond Aspirin.2000.

[566] Pizzorno J. Omega 3-fatty acids: a key nutrient in cancer care. Presented at Comprehensive Cancer Care 2001, Arlington, VA, October 17-21, 2001.2001;October 17-21, 2001.

[567] Ardies CM. Exercise, cachexia and cancer therapy: a molecular rationale. Nutrition and Cancer 2002; 42(2):143-57

Fehrenbach E, Northoff H. Free radicals, exercise, apoptosis, and heat shock proteins. Exerc Immunol Rev. 2001;7:66-89.

[568] Sjodin B. Hellsten Westing Y. Apple FS. Biochemical mechanisms for oxygen free radical formation during exercise. Sports Medicine. 10(4):236-54, 1990

Shephard RJ, Shek PN. Effects of exercise and training on natural killer cell counts and cytolytic activity: a meta-analysis. Sports Med. 1999;28(3):177-95.

[569] Strzelecka M, Bzowska M, Kozieł J, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of extracts from some traditional Mediterranean diet plants. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2005 Mar;56 Suppl 1:139-56.

Ramos-Nino ME. The role of chronic inflammation in obesity-associated cancers. ISRN Oncol. 2013 May 30;2013:697521.

[570] Konig H, Hermanek P, Rosch W. Clinical conference: Unusual course of chronic colitis. Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg). 1976 Jun;23(3):227-31

Ghosh J, Myers CE. Inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase triggers massive apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):13182-7.

Ding XZ, Iversen P, Cluck MW, et al. Lipoxygenase inhibitors abolish proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 22;261(1):218-23.

Newmark T. Beyond Aspirin.2000.

Li JK, Lin-Shia SY. Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China B. 2001 Apr;25(2):59-66.

[571] Degner SC, Papoutsis AJ, Selmin O, Romagnolo DF. Targeting of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by the indole-3-carbinol metabolite 3,3′-diindolylmethane in breast cancer cells. J Nutr. 2009 Jan;139(1):26-32.

[572] Aravindaram K, Yang NS. Anti-inflammatory plant natural products for cancer therapy. Planta Med. 2010 Aug;76(11):1103-17.

Reuter S, Prasad S, Phromnoi K, et al. Thiocolchicoside exhibits anticancer effects through downregulation of NF-{kappa}B pathway and its regulated gene products linked to inflammation and cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010 Nov;3(11):1462-72.

[573] Ralhan R, Pandey MK, Aggarwal BB. Nuclear factor-kappa B links carcinogenic and chemopreventive agents. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2009;1:45-60.

Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S. Suppression of the nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway by spice-derived phytochemicals: reasoning for seasoning. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1030:434-41.

[574] McCarty MF. Targeting multiple signaling pathways as a strategy for managing prostate cancer: multifocal signal modulation therapy. Integr Cancer Ther. 2004 Dec;3(4):349-80.

[575] Jurenka JS. Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma longa: a review of preclinical and clinical research. Altern Med Rev. 2009 Jun;14(2):141-53.

Murphy EA, Davis JM, McClellan JL, Gordon BT, Carmichael MD. Curcumin’s effect on intestinal inflammation and tumorigenesis in the Apc(Min/+) Mouse. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2010 Oct 15.

[576] Duvoix A, Blasius R, Delhalle S, et al. Chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of curcumin. Cancer Lett. 2005 Jun 8;223(2):181-90.

Thangapazham RL, Sharma A, Maheshwari RK. Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. AAPS J. 2006;8(3):E443-9.

[577] Kunnumakkara AB, Anand P, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin inhibits proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of different cancers through interaction with multiple cell signaling proteins. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):199-225.

Bierhaus A, Zhang Y, Quehenberger P, et al. The dietary pigment curcumin reduces endothelial tissue factor gene expression by inhibiting binding of AP-1 to the DNA and activation of NF-kappa B. Thromb Haemost. 1997 Apr;77(4):772-82.
Plummer SM, Holloway KA, Manson MM, et al. Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase 2 expression in colon cells by the chemopreventive agent curcumin involves inhibition of NF-kappaB activation via the NIK/IKK signalling complex. Oncogene. 1999 Oct 28;18(44):6013-20.

Reuter S, Eifes S, Dicato M, Aggarwal BB, Diederich M. Modulation of anti-apoptotic and survival pathways by curcumin as a strategy to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Dec 1;76(11):1340-51.

Everett PC, Meyers JA, Makkinje A, Rabbi M, Lerner A. Preclinical assessment of curcumin as a potential therapy for B-CLL. Am J Hematol. 2007 Jan;82(1):23-30.

Dhillon N, Aggarwal BB, Newman RA, et al. Phase II trial of curcumin in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Jul 15;14(14):4491-9.

Kamat AM, Tharakan ST, Sung B, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin potentiates the antitumor effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin against bladder cancer through the downregulation of NF-kappaB and upregulation of TRAIL receptors. Cancer Res. 2009 Dec 1;69(23):8958-66.

Majumdar AP, Banerjee S, Nautiyal J, et al. Curcumin synergizes with resveratrol to inhibit colon cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(4):544-53.

Bisht S, Mizuma M, Feldmann G, et al. Systemic administration of polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin (NanoCurc) blocks tumor growth and metastases in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Aug;9(8):2255-64.

Jutooru I, Chadalapaka G, Lei P, Safe S. Inhibition of NFkappaB and pancreatic cancer cell and tumor growth by curcumin is dependent on specificity protein down-regulation. J Biol Chem. 2010 Aug 13;285(33):25332-44.

Ramachandran C, Resek AP, Escalon E, Aviram A, Melnick SJ. Potentiation of gemcitabine by Turmeric Force in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Oncol Rep. 2010 Jun;23(6):1529-35.

Suphim B, Prawan A, Kukongviriyapan U, Kongpetch S, Buranrat B, Kukongviriyapan V. Redox modulation and human bile duct cancer inhibition by curcumin. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Aug-Sep;48(8-9):2265-72.

Zhang C, Li B, Zhang X, Hazarika P, Aggarwal BB, Duvic M. Curcumin selectively induces apoptosis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cell lines and patients’ PBMCs: potential role for STAT-3 and NF-kappaB signaling. J Invest Dermatol. 2010 Aug;130(8):2110-9.

[578] Biswas J, Sinha D, Mukherjee S, Roy S, Siddiqi M, Roy M. Curcumin protects DNA damage in a chronically arsenic-exposed population of West Bengal. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010 Jun;29(6):513-24.

Blanchard JA, Barve S, Joshi-Barve S, et al. Antioxidants inhibit cytokine production and suppress NF-kappaB activation in CAPAN-1 and CAPAN-2 cell lines. Dig Dis Sci. 2001 Dec;46(12):2768-72.

Literat A, Su F, Norwicki M, et al. Regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by curcumin in hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Life Sci. 2001 Dec 7;70(3):253-67.

Xu YX, Pindolia KR, Janakiraman N, et al. Curcumin inhibits IL1 alpha and TNF-alpha induction of AP-1 and NF-kB DNA-binding activity in bone marrow stromal cells. Hematopathol Mol Hematol. 1997;11(1):49-62.

Li JK, Lin-Shia SY. Mechanisms of cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China B. 2001 Apr;25(2):59-66.

Bachmeier BE, Killian P, Pfeffer U, Nerlich AG. Novel aspects for the application of Curcumin in chemoprevention of various cancers. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:697-717.

Sikora E, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Mosieniak G, Piwocka K. The promise of slow down ageing may come from curcumin. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16(7):884-92.

Sajithlal GB, Chithra P, Chandrakasan G. Effect of curcumin on the advanced glycation and cross-linking of collagen in diabetic rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998 Dec 15;56(12):1607-14.

Plummer SM, Holloway KA, Manson MM, et al. Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase 2 expression in colon cells by the chemopreventive agent curcumin involves inhibition of NF-kappaB activation via the NIK/IKK signalling complex. Oncogene. 1999 Oct 28;18(44):6013-20.

Zhang F, Altorki NK, Mestre JR, et al. Curcumin inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription in bile acid- and phorbol ester-treated human gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Mar;20(3):445-51.

[579] Zhang F. Curcumin inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription in bile acid- and phorbol ester-treated human gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis 1999 Mar. 1999;20(3):445-51.

[580] Newmark T. Beyond Aspirin.2000.

Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Burkhardt S, et al. Melatonin in plants. Nutr Rev. 2001 Sep;59(9):286-90.

[581] Newmark T. Beyond Aspirin.2000.

[582] Suekawa M, Yuasa K, Isono M, et al. [Pharmacological studies on ginger. IV. Effect of (6)-shogaol on the arachidonic cascade]. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1986 Oct;88(4):263-9.

Ghosh J, Myers CE. Inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase triggers massive apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):13182-7.

[583]http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/zingiber.htm. November 2013.

[584] Bhagavathula N, Warner RL, DaSilva M, et al. A combination of curcumin and ginger extract improves abrasion wound healing in corticosteroid-impaired hairless rat skin. Wound Repair Regen. 2009 May-Jun;17(3):360-6.

Al-Suhaimi EA, Al-Riziza NA, Al-Essa RA. Physiological and therapeutical roles of ginger and turmeric on endocrine functions. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(2):215-31.

[585] Grzanna R, Lindmark L, Frondoza CG. Ginger—an herbal medicinal product with broad anti-inflammatory actions. J Med Food. 2005 Summer;8(2):125-32.

Li F, Nitteranon V, Tang X, et al. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of 1-dehydro-[6]-gingerdione, 6-shogaol, 6-dehydroshogaol and hexahydrocurcumin. Food Chem. 2012 Nov 15;135(2):332-7.

Cretu E, Trifan A, Vasincu A, Miron A. Plant-derived anticancer agents – curcumin in cancer prevention and treatment. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2012 Oct-Dec;116(4):1223-9.

Plummer SM, Hill KA, Festing MF, Steward WP, Gescher AJ, Sharma RA. Clinical development of leukocyte cyclooxygenase 2 activity as a systemic biomarker for cancer chemopreventive agents. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Dec;10(12):1295-9.

Menon VP, Sudheer AR. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:105-25.

Baliga MS, Joseph N, Venkataranganna MV, Saxena A, Ponemone V, Fayad R. Curcumin, an active component of turmeric in the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis: preclinical and clinical observations. Food Funct. 2012 Nov;3(11):1109-17.

Tsai KD, Lin JC, Yang SM, et al. Curcumin Protects against UVB-Induced Skin Cancers in SKH-1 Hairless Mouse: Analysis of Early Molecular Markers in Carcinogenesis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:593952.

Flynn DL, Rafferty MF, Boctor AM. Inhibition of 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) formation in intact human neutrophils by naturally-occurring diarylheptanoids: inhibitory activities of curcuminoids and yakuchinones. Prostaglandins Leukot Med. 1986 Jun; 22(3):357-60.

Kiuchi F, Iwakami S, Shibuya M, Hanaoka F, Sankawa U. Inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis by gingerols and diarylheptanoids. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1992 Feb; 40(2):387-91.

[586] Shehzad A, Wahid F, Lee YS. Curcumin in cancer chemoprevention: molecular targets, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and clinical trials. Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 2010;343(9):489-99.

Johnson JJ, Mukhtar H. Curcumin for chemoprevention of colon cancer. Cancer Lett. 2007;255(2):170-81.

Thangapazham RL, Sharma A, Maheshwari RK. Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. AAPS J. 2006;8(3):E443-9.

[587] Thangapazham RL, Sharma A, Maheshwari RK. Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin. AAPS J. 2006;8(3):E443-9.

Jagetia GC, Aggarwal BB. “Spicing up” of the immune system by curcumin. J Clin Immunol. 2007 Jan;27(1):19-35.

Bhattacharyya S, Mandal D, Sen GS, et al. Tumor-induced oxidative stress perturbs nuclear factor-kappaB activity-augmenting tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated T-cell death: protection by curcumin. Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 1;67(1):362-70.

Churchill M, Chadburn A, Bilinski RT, Bertagnolli MM. Inhibition of intestinal tumors by curcumin is associated with changes in the intestinal immune cell profile. J Surg Res. 2000 Apr;89(2):169-75.

Pal S, Bhattacharyya S, Choudhuri T, et al. Amelioration of immune cell number depletion and potentiation of depressed detoxification system of tumor-bearing mice by curcumin. Cancer Detect Prev. 2005;29(5):470-8.

Perkins S, Verschoyle RD, Hill K, et al. Chemopreventive efficacy and pharmacokinetics of curcumin in the min/+ mouse, a model of familial adenomatous polyposis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 Jun;11(6):535-40.

South EH, Exon JH, Hendrix K. Dietary curcumin enhances antibody response in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1997 Feb;19(1):105-19.

Kurup VP, Barrios CS, Raju R, et al. Immune response modulation by curcumin in a latex allergy model. Clin Mol Allergy. 2007;51.

Xu Y, Ku B, Tie L, et al. Curcumin reverses the effects of chronic stress on behavior, the HPA axis, BDNF expression and phosphorylation of CREB. Brain Res. 2006 Nov 29;1122(1):56-64.

Kim GY, Kim KH, Lee SH, et al. Curcumin inhibits immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells: MAPKs and translocation of NF-kappa B as potential targets. J Immunol. 2005 Jun 15;174(12):8116-24.

Bhattacharyya S, Mandal D, Saha B, et al. Curcumin prevents tumor-induced T cell apoptosis through Stat-5a-mediated Bcl-2 induction. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 1;282(22):15954-64.

[588] Li M, Zhang Z, Hill DL, Wang H, Zhang R. Curcumin, a dietary component, has anticancer, chemosensitization, and radiosensitization effects by down-regulating the MDM2 oncogene through the PI3K/mTOR/ETS2 pathway. Cancer Res. 2007 Mar 1;67(5):1988-96.

[589] Li M, Zhang Z, Hill DL, Wang H, Zhang R. Curcumin, a dietary component, has anticancer, chemosensitization, and radiosensitization effects by down-regulating the MDM2 oncogene through the PI3K/mTOR/ETS2 pathway. Cancer Res. 2007 Mar 1;67(5):1988-96.

[590] Karna P, Chagani S, Gundala SR, et al. Benefits of whole ginger extract in prostate cancer. Br J Nutr. 2012 Feb;107(4):473-84.

[591] Negi PS, Jayaprakasha GK, Jagan Mohan Rao L, Sakariah KK. Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: a byproduct from curcumin manufacture. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Oct;47(10):4297-300.

Jayaprakasha GK, Negi PS, Anandharamakrishnan C, Sakariah KK. Chemical composition of turmeric oil–a byproduct from turmeric oleoresin industry and its inhibitory activity against different fungi. Z Naturforsch C. 2001 Jan-Feb;56(1-2):40-4.

[592] Antony B, Merina B, Iyer VS, Judy N, Lennertz K, Joyal S. A pilot cross-over study to evaluate human oral bioavailability of BCM-95CG (Biocurcumax), A novel bioenhanced preparation of curcumin. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008 Jul-Aug;70(4):445-9.

[593] Murakami A, Furukawa I, Miyamoto S, Tanaka T, Ohigashi H. Curcumin combined with turmerones, essential oil components of turmeric, abolishes inflammation-associated mouse colon carcinogenesis. Biofactors. 2013 Mar-Apr;39(2):221-32.

[594] Cruz-Correa M, Shoskes DA, Sanchez P, et al. Combination treatment with curcumin and quercetin of adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Aug;4(8):1035-8.

[595] Ide H, Tokiwa S, Sakamaki K, et al. Combined inhibitory effects of soy isoflavones and curcumin on the production of prostate-specific antigen. Prostate. 2010 Jul 1;70(10):1127-33.

[596] Zick SM, Turgeon DK, Vareed SK, et al. Phase II study of the effects of ginger root extract on eicosanoids in colon mucosa in people at normal risk for colorectal cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011 Nov;4(11):1929-37.

Sundaram S, Ghosh J. Expression of 5-oxoETE receptor in prostate cancer cells: critical role in survival. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jan 6;339(1):93-8.

[597] Hastak K, Lubri N, Jakhi SD, et al. Effect of turmeric oil and turmeric oleoresin on cytogenetic damage in patients suffering from oral submucous fibrosis. Cancer Lett. 1997 Jun 24;116(2):265-9.

[598] Hwang D, Fischer NH, Jang BC, et al. Inhibition of the expression of inducible cyclooxygenase and proinflammatory cytokines by sesquiterpene lactones in macrophages correlates with the inhibition of MAP kinases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Sep 24;226(3):810-8.

Sheehan M, Wong HR, Hake PW, et al. Parthenolide, an inhibitor of the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway, ameliorates cardiovascular derangement and outcome in endotoxic shock in rodents. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 May;61(5):953-63.

[599] Newmark T. Beyond Aspirin.2000.

[600] Murch SJ, Simmons CB, Saxena PK. Melatonin in feverfew and other medicinal plants. Lancet. 1997 Nov 29;350(9091):1598-9.

[601] Yung LM, Leung FP, Wong WT, et al. Tea polyphenols benefit vascular function. Inflammopharmacology. 2008 Sep 26.

Beltz LA, Bayer DK, Moss AL, Simet IM. Mechanisms of cancer prevention by green and black tea polyphenols. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006 Sep;6(5):389-406.

Cameron AR, Anton S, Melville L, et al. Black tea polyphenols mimic insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling to the longevity factor FOXO1a. Aging Cell. 2008 Jan;7(1):69-77.

[602] Benelli R, Vene R, Bisacchi D, Garbisa S, Albini A. Anti-invasive effects of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural inhibitor of metallo and serine proteases. Biol Chem. 2002 Jan;383(1):101-5.

[603] Lin YL, Tsai SH, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JK. Theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea blocks the nitric oxide synthase by down-regulating the activation of NF-kappaB in macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Feb 19;367(2-3):379-88.

[604] Pan MH, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JH, Lin JK. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activity by theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea and other polyphenols through down-regulation of IkappaB kinase activity in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000 Feb 15;59(4):357-67.

[605] Sugatani J, Fukazawa N, Ujihara K, et al. Tea polyphenols inhibit acetyl-CoA:1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase (a key enzyme in platelet-activating factor biosynthesis) and platelet-activating factor-induced platelet aggregation. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2004 May;134(1):17-28.

[606] Steptoe A, Gibson EL, Vuononvirta R, et al. The effects of chronic tea intake on platelet activation and inflammation: a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Atherosclerosis. 2007 Aug;193(2):277-82.

Marjanovic JA, Stojanovic A, Brovkovych VM, Skidgel RA, Du X. Signaling-mediated functional activation of inducible nitric-oxide synthase and its role in stimulating platelet activation. J Biol Chem. 2008 Oct 24;283(43):28827-34.

Shashkin PN, Brown GT, Ghosh A, Marathe GK, McIntyre TM. Lipopolysaccharide is a direct agonist for platelet RNA splicing. J Immunol. 2008 Sep 1;181(5):3495-502.

Dordelmann C, Telgmann R, Brand E, et al. Functional and structural profiling of the human thrombopoietin gene promoter. J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 5;283(36):24382-91.

[607] Shukla M, Gupta K, Rasheed Z, Khan KA, Haqqi TM. Bioavailable constituents/metabolites of pomegranate (Punica granatum L) preferentially inhibit COX2 activity ex vivo and IL-1beta-induced PGE2 production in human chondrocytes in vitro. J Inflamm (Lond). 2008 Jun 13;5:9.

[608] http://www.naturalnews.com

[609] Kim ND, Mehta R, Yu W, et al. Chemopreventive and adjuvant therapeutic potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum) for human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Feb;71(3):203-17.

[610] Banerjee S, Li Y, Wang Z, Sarkar FH. Multi-targeted therapy of cancer by genistein. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):226-42.

[611] Li Z, Li J, Mo B, et al. Genistein induces cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Oct;22(7):1749-53.

[612] Li Z, Li J, Mo B, et al. Genistein induces cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Oct;22(7):1749-53.

[613] Banerjee S, Li Y, Wang Z, Sarkar FH. Multi-targeted therapy of cancer by genistein. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):226-42.

Singh-Gupta V, Zhang H, Banerjee S, et al. Radiation-induced HIF-1alpha cell survival pathway is inhibited by soy isoflavones in prostate cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2009 Apr 1;124(7):1675-84.

Zhang B, Shi ZL, Liu B, Yan XB, Feng J, Tao HM. Enhanced anticancer effect of gemcitabine by genistein in osteosarcoma: the role of Akt and nuclear factor-kappaB. Anticancer Drugs. 2010 Mar;21(3):288-96.

[614] Mei X. Garlic and gastric cancer. Acta Nutr Sinica. 1982;(4):53-8.

[615] Langer S. Garlic: the new cancer-fighting candidate. Better Nutrition for Today’s Living 1991 Jun. 1991.

[616] Ammon HP. Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2002;152(15-16):373-8.
Sailer ER, Subramanian LR, Rall B, Hoernlein RF, Ammon HP, Safayhi H. Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA): structure requirements for binding and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Br J Pharmacol. 1996 Feb;117(4):615-8.

[617] Fan AY, Lao L, Zhang RX, et al. Effects of an acetone extract of Boswellia carterii Birdw. (Burseraceae) gum resin on adjuvant-induced arthritis in lewis rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 3;101(1-3):104-9.

[618] Ammon HP. Boswellic acids (components of frankincense) as the active principle in treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2002;152(15-16):373-8.
Ammon HP. Boswellic acids in chronic inflammatory diseases. Planta Med. 2006 Oct;72(12):1100-16.

[619] Lalithakumari K, Krishnaraju AV, Sengupta K, Subbaraju GV, Chatterjee A. Safety and Toxicological Evaluation of a Novel, Standardized 3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-beta-Boswellic Acid (AKBA)-Enriched Boswellia serrata Extract (5-Loxin(R)). Toxicol Mech Methods. 2006;16(4):199-226.

[620] Calder PC. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cytokine production in health and disease.Ann NutrMetab. 1997;41:203–34.
Calder PC: The relationship between the fatty acid composition of immune cells and their function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2008; 79(3-5): 101-8. (PubMed)
Calder PC: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2006; 75(3): 197-202. (PubMed)
Calder PC: Dietary modification of inflammation with lipids. Proc Nutr Soc 2002; 61(3): 345-58. (PubMed)
O’Shea M, Bassaganya-Riera J, Mohede IC: Immunomodulatory properties of conjugated linoleic acid. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79(6 Suppl): 1199S-1206S. (PubMed)

Kaminogawa S, Nanno M. Modulation of Immune Functions by Foods. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2004.

Johnson J, Griswold J, et al. Essential fatty acids influence survival in sepsis. J Trauma. 1993;35:128–31.

[621] Pedersen BK, Toft AD. Effects of exercise on lymphocytes and cytokines.Br J Sports Med. 2000 Aug;34(4):246–51.

Grimble RF, Howell WM, et al. The ability of fish oil to suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy men is associated with polymorphisms in genes that influence tumor necrosis factor alpha production. Am J ClinNutr. 2002 Aug;76(2):454–9.

[622] Tou JC, Jaczynski J, Chen YC. Krill for human consumption: nutritional value and potential health benefits. Nutr Rev. 2007 Feb;65(2):63-77.

[623] Tou JC, Jaczynski J, Chen YC. Krill for human consumption: nutritional value and potential health benefits. Nutr Rev. 2007 Feb;65(2):63-77.

Krill oil. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2010 Apr;15(1):84-6.

[624] Krill oil. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2010 Apr;15(1):84-6.

[625] James MJ, Gibson RA, Cleland LG. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory mediator production. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):343S-8S.

Abeywardena MY, Patten GS. Role of omega-3 longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids in reducing cardio-metabolic risk factors. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2011 Sep 1;11(3):232-46.
Kalogeropoulos N, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, et al. Unsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated and n-6/n-3 ratios are positively related to inflammation and coagulation markers in plasma of apparently healthy adults. Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Apr 2;411(7-8):584-91.

[626] Ulven SM, Kirkhus B, Lamglait A, et al. Metabolic effects of krill oil are essentially similar to those of fish oil but at lower dose of EPA and DHA, in healthy volunteers. Lipids. 2011 Jan;46(1):37-46.

[627] Duda MK, O’Shea KM, Tintinu A, et al. Fish oil, but not flaxseed oil, decreases inflammation and prevents pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res. 2009 Feb 1;81(2):319-27.

Kalogeropoulos N, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, et al. Unsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated and n-6/n-3 ratios are positively related to inflammation and coagulation markers in plasma of apparently healthy adults. Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Apr 2;411(7-8):584-91.

Ierna M, Kerr A, Scales H, Berge K, Griinari M. Supplementation of diet with krill oil protects against experimental rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:136.

[628] Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effect of Neptune Krill Oil on chronic inflammation and arthritic symptoms. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Feb;26(1):39-48.

[629] Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effect of Neptune Krill Oil on chronic inflammation and arthritic symptoms. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Feb;26(1):39-48.

[630] Murray M. Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements 1996.1996.

[631] Mercola J. Omega-3 Fats Prevent Breast Cancer. 2002

[632] Belch JJ, Hill A. Evening primrose oil and borage oil in rheumatologic conditions. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):352S-6S.
Bordoni A, Biagi PL, Masi M, et al. Evening primrose oil (Efamol) in the treatment of children with atopic eczema. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1988;14(4):291-7.
Surette ME, Stull D, Lindemann J. The impact of a medical food containing gammalinolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids on asthma management and the quality of life of adult asthma patients. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008 Feb;24(2):559-67.
Leventhal LJ, Boyce EG, Zurier RB. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with gammalinolenic acid. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Nov 1;119(9):867-73.
Ishikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Igarashi O, et al. Effects of gammalinolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. Atherosclerosis. 1989 Feb;75(2-3):95-104.
Schirmer MA, Phinney SD. Gamma-linolenate reduces weight regain in formerly obese humans. J Nutr. 2007 Jun;137(6):1430-5.
Das UN. A defect in the activity of Delta6 and Delta5 desaturases may be a factor predisposing to the development of insulin resistance syndrome. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2005 May;72(5):343-50.
Fearon KC, Falconer JS, Ross JA, et al. An open-label phase I/II dose escalation study of the treatment of pancreatic cancer using lithium gammalinolenate. Anticancer Res. 1996 Mar-Apr;16(2):867-74.

[633] Yee D. The insulin-like growth factor system as a treatment target in breast cancer. Seminars in Oncology. 29(3 Suppl 11):86-95, 2002

Oh JS. Kucab JE. Bushel PR. Martin K. Bennett L. Collins J. DiAugustine RP. Barrett JC. Afshari CA. Dunn SE. Insulin-like growth factor-1 inscribes a gene expression profile for angiogenic factors and cancer progression in breast epithelial cells. Neoplasia (New York). 4(3):204-17, 2002

Lee AV. Cui X. Oesterreich S. Cross-talk among estrogen receptor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor signaling in breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research. 7(12 Suppl):4429s-4435s, 2001

Zhang X, Yee D. Tyrosine kinase signalling in breast cancer: insulin-like growth factors and their receptors in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research. 2(3):170-5, 2000.

[634] Czyzyk A, Szczepanik Z. Diabetes mellitus and cancer. Eur J Intern Med. 2000 Oct;11(5):245-52.

Vigneri P, Frasca F, Sciacca L, Pandini G, Vigneri R. Diabetes and cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2009 Dec;16(4):1103-23.

Martin-Castillo B, Vazquez-Martin A, Oliveras-Ferraros C, Menendez JA. Metformin and cancer: Doses, mechanisms and the dandelion and hormetic phenomena. Cell Cycle. 2010 Mar 21;9(6).

[635] Kelly GS. Insulin resistance: lifestyle and nutritional interventions. Altern Med Rev. 2000 Apr;5(2):109-32.

Basu R, Chandramouli V, Dicke B, Landau B, Rizza R. Obesity and type 2 diabetes impair insulin-induced suppression of glycogenolysis as well as gluconeogenesis. Diabetes. 2005 Jul;54(7):1942-8.

[636] Kandeil MA, Amin KA, Hassanin KA, Ali KM, Mohammed ET. Role of lipoic acid on insulin resistance and leptin in experimentally diabetic rats. J Diabetes Complications. 2011 Jan-Feb;25(1):31-8.

Medjakovic S, Jungbauer A. Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Food Funct. 2013 Jan 19;4(1):19-39.

Qin B, Nagasaki M, Ren M, Bajotto G, Oshida Y, Sato Y. Cinnamon extract prevents the insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet. Horm Metab Res. 2004 Feb;36(2):119-25.

Villareal DT, Holloszy JO. Effect of DHEA on abdominal fat and insulin action in elderly women and men: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004 Nov 10;292(18):2243-8.

Maneschi E, Morelli A, Filippi S, et al. v Testosterone treatment improves metabolic syndrome-induced adipose tissue derangements. J Endocrinol. 2012 Dec;215(3):347-362. Epub 2012 Oct 8.

Bayrak A, Terbell H, Urwitz-Lane R, Mor E, Stanczyk FZ, Paulson RJ. Acute effects of metformin therapy include improvement of insulin resistance and ovarian morphology. Fertil Steril. 2007 Apr;87(4):870-5. Epub 2007 Jan 16.

Basturk T, Unsal A, Ulas T, et al. Effects of rosiglitazone treatment on insulin resistance and TNF-alpha levels in patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Nov;16(11):1519-24. Medjakovic S, Jungbauer A. Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Food Funct. 2013 Jan 19;4(1):19-39.

Roopchand DE, Kuhn P, Rojo LE, Lila MA, Raskin I. Blueberry polyphenol-enriched soybean flour reduces hyperglycemia, body weight gain and serum cholesterol in mice. Pharmacol Res. 2012 Dec 4;68(1):59-67.

Taniguchi A, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Nishida Y, Yamamoto H, Taketani Y, Takeda E. Natto and viscous vegetables in a Japanese style meal suppress postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(4):663-8.

Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Hallfrisch J. Comparison of hormone and glucose responses of overweight women to barley and oats. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Jun;24(3):182-8.

Thompson SV, Winham DM, Hutchins AM. Bean and rice meals reduce postprandial glycemic response in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-over study. Nutr J. 2012;11:23.

[637] Medjakovic S, Jungbauer A. Pomegranate: a fruit that ameliorates metabolic syndrome. Food Funct. 2013 Jan 19;4(1):19-39.

Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Hallfrisch J. Comparison of hormone and glucose responses of overweight women to barley and oats. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Jun;24(3):182-8.

Thompson SV, Winham DM, Hutchins AM. Bean and rice meals reduce postprandial glycemic response in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-over study. Nutr J. 2012;11:23.

[638] González-Barrio R, Edwards CA, Crozier A. Colonic catabolism of ellagitannins, ellagic acid, and raspberry anthocyanins: in vivo and in vitro studies. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Sep;39(9):1680-8. Epub 2011 May 27.

[639] Kähkönen M, Kylli P, Ollilainen V, Salminen JP, Heinonen M. Antioxidant activity of isolated ellagitannins from red raspberries and cloudberries. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Feb 8;60(5):1167-74.

[640] Panchal SK, Ward L, Brown L. Ellagic acid attenuates high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. Eur J Nutr. Epub 2012 Apr 27.

[641] Allen FM. Blueberry leaf extract: physiologic and clinical properties in relation to carbohydrate metabolism. JAMA. 1927 Nov 5;89(19):1577-81.

[642] Basu A, Lyons TJ. Strawberries, blueberries, and cranberries in the Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Perspectives. J Agric Food Chem. Epub 2011 Nov 29.

DeFuria J, Bennett G, Strissel KJ, et al. Dietary blueberry attenuates whole-body insulin resistance in high fat mice by reducing adipocyte death and its inflammatory sequelae. J Nutr. 2009 Aug;139(8):1510-6.

[643] Cowey S, Hardy RW. The metabolic syndrome: a high-risk state for cancer? Am J Pathol. 2006 Nov;169(5):1505-22

[644] http://sund-forskning.dk/artikler/metabolisk-syndrom-fremtidens-storste-sundhedsmaessige-trussel/

[645] Hanhineva K, Torronen R, Bondia-Pons I, et al. Impact of dietary polyphenols on carbohydrate metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2010 Mar 31;11(4):1365-402.

Jayaprakasam B, Vareed SK, Olson LK, Nair MG. Insulin secretion by bioactive anthocyanins and anthocyanidins present in fruits. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jan;53(1):28-31.

Stull AJ, Cash KC, Johnson WD, Champagne CM, Cefalu WT. Bioactives in blueberries improve insulin sensitivity in obese, insulin-resistant men and women. J Nutr. 2010 Oct;140(10):1764-8.

Abidov M, Ramazanov A, Jimenez Del Rio M, Chkhikvishvili I. Effect of Blueberin on fasting glucose, C-reactive protein and plasma aminotransferases, in female volunteers with diabetes type 2: double-blind,placebo controlled clinical study. Georgian Med News. 2006 Dec;(141):66-72.

[646] Nemes-Nagy E, Szocs-Molnar T, Dunca I, et al. Effect of a dietary supplement containing blueberry and sea buckthorn concentrate on antioxidant capacity in type 1 diabetic children. Acta Physiol Hung. 2008 Dec;95(4):383-93.

Martineau LC, Couture A, Spoor D, et al. Anti-diabetic properties of the Canadian lowbush blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Phytomedicine. 2006 Nov;13(9-10):612-23.

[647] Martineau LC, Couture A, Spoor D, et al. Anti-diabetic properties of the Canadian lowbush blueberry Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Phytomedicine. 2006 Nov;13(9-10):612-23.

[648] Vuong T, Martineau LC, Ramassamy C, Matar C, Haddad PS. Fermented Canadian lowbush blueberry juice stimulates glucose uptake and AMP-activated protein kinase in insulin-sensitive cultured muscle cells and adipocytes. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;85(9):956-65.

McDougall GJ, Shpiro F, Dobson P, Smith P, Blake A, Stewart D. Different polyphenolic components of soft fruits inhibit alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Apr 6;53(7):2760-6.

[649] Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Kuzmanov K, Tancheva S, Belcheva A. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Mar;29(2):101-5.

[650] Neelakantan, N., Narayanan, M., de Souza, R.J., van Dam, R.M. – Effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) intake on glycemia: a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Nutrition Journal 2014, 13:7 (18 January 2014).

http://www.worldhealth.net/news/seed-exotic-herb-helps-manage-blood-sugar/

Younesy, S., Amiraliakbari, S., Esmaeili, S., Alavimajd, H., Nouraei, S. – Effects of fenugreek seed on the severity and systemic symptoms of dysmenorrhea.

http://naturli.dk/helsenyt 01. Juli 2014

[651] Anderson RA, Broadhurst CL, Polansky MM, et al. Isolation and characterization of polyphenol type-A polymers from cinnamon with insulin-like biological activity. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jan 14;52(1):65-70.

[652] Imparl-Radosevich J, Deas S, Polansky MM, et al. Regulation of PTP-1 and insulin receptor kinase by fractions from cinnamon: implications for cinnamon regulation of insulin signaling. Horm Res. 1998 Sep;50(3):177-82.

[653] Qin B, Nagasaki M, Ren M, Bajotto G, Oshida Y, Sato Y. Cinnamon extract (traditional herb) potentiates in vivo insulin-regulated glucose utilization via enhancing insulin signaling in rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2003 Dec;62(3):139-48.

[654] Qin B, Nagasaki M, Ren M, Bajotto G, Oshida Y, Sato Y. Cinnamon extract prevents the insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet. Horm Metab Res. 2004 Feb;36(2):119-25.

[655] Khan A, Safdar M, Muzaffar Ali Khan M, Nawak Khattak K, Anderson RA. Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003 Dec;26(12):3215-8.

[656] Broadhurst CL, Polansky MM, Anderson RA. Insulin-like biological activity of culinary and medicinal plant aqueous extracts in vitro. J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Mar;48(3):849-52.

[657] Khan A, Bryden NA, Polansky MM, Anderson RA. Insulin potentiating factor and chromium content of selected foods and spices. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1990 Mar;24(3):183-8.

[658] Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; 2012: 516870 http://articles.mercola.com

[659] Yeyi Gu, Shan Yu, Joshua D. Lambert. “Dietary cocoa ameliorates obesity-related inflammation in high fat-fed mice.” European Journal of Nutrition, March 2013.

https://www.worldhealth.net

http://www.eurekalert.org

[660] Wylie-Rosett J, Segal-Isaacson CJ, Segal-Isaacson A. Carbohydrates and increases in obesity: Does the type of carbohydrate make a difference? Obesity Research. 2004 Nov;12(S):124S-9S.

http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/DM/PUBS/statistics/#youngpeople. December 1, 2012.

[661] Wylie-Rosett J, Segal-Isaacson CJ, Segal-Isaacson A. Carbohydrates and increases in obesity: Does the type of carbohydrate make a difference? Obesity Research. 2004 Nov;12(S):124S-9S.

[662] Weickert MO, Pfeiffer AFH. Metabolic effects of dietary fiber consumption and prevention of diabetes. J Nutr. 2008 Mar;138(3):439-42.

http://barleyworld.org/sites/default/files/what_barley_foods_can_do_you.pdf. December 28, 2012.

[663] Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Hallfrisch J. Comparison of hormone and glucose responses of overweight women to barley and oats. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Jun;24(3):182-8.

[664] Nilsson A, Granfeldt Y, Ostman E, Preston T, Björck I. Effects of GI and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based evening meals on glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardised breakfast. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;60(9):1092-9.

[665] Granfeldt Y, Liljeberg H, Drews A, Newman R, Björck I. Glucose and insulin responses to barley products: influence of food structure and amylose-amylopectin ratio. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 May;59(5):1075-82.

Anderson JW, Baird P, Davis RH, et al. Health benefits of dietary fiber. Nutr Rev. 2009;67(4):188-205.

Behall KM, Scholfield DJ, Hallfrisch J. Comparison of hormone and glucose responses of overweight women to barley and oats. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Jun;24(3):182-8.

Anderson JW, Baird P, Davis RH, et al. Health benefits of dietary fiber. Nutr Rev. 2009;67(4):188-205.

Alminger M, Eklund-Jonsson C. Whole-grain cereal products based on a high-fibre barley or oat genotype lower post-prandial glucose and insulin responses in healthy humans. Eur J Nutr. 2008;47(6):294-300.

Casiraghi MC, Garsetti M, Testolin G, Brighenti F. Post-prandial responses to cereal products enriched with barley beta-glucan. J Am Coll Nutr. 2006;25(4):313-20.

Keogh JB, Lau CW, Noakes M, Bowen J, Clifton PM. Effects of meals with high soluble fibre, high amylose barley variant on glucose, insulin, satiety and thermic effect of food in healthy lean women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007;61(5):597-604.

Kim H, Stote KS, Behall KM, Spears K, Vinyard B, Conway JM. Glucose and insulin responses to whole grain breakfasts varying in soluble fiber, beta-glucan: a dose response study in obese women with increased risk for insulin resistance. Eur J Nutr. 2009;48(3):170-5.

[666] Bays H, Frestedt JL, Bell M. Reduced viscosity Barley beta-glucan versus placebo: a randomized controlled trial of the effects on insulin sensitivity for individuals at risk for diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011;8:58.

[667] Hutchins AM, Winham DM, Thompson SV. Phaseolus beans: impact on glycaemic response and chronic disease risk in human subjects. Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108 Suppl 1:S52-65.

Darmadi-Blackberry I, Wahlqvist ML, Kouris-Blazos A, et al. Legumes: the most important dietary predictor of survival in older people of different ethnicities. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2004;13(2):217-20.

Bazzano LA, He J, Ogden LG, et al. Legume consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:2573-8.

Zhu Z, Jiang W, Thompson HJ. Edible dry bean consumption (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) modulates cardiovascular risk factors and diet-induced obesity in rats and mice. Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108 Suppl 1:S66-73.

[668] Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Augustin LS, et al. Effect of legumes as part of a low glycemic index diet on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk facts in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2012 Oct 22:1-8.

Thompson SV, Winham DM, Hutchins AM. Bean and rice meals reduce postprandial glycemic response in adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-over study. Nutr J. 2012;11:23.

[669] Hutchins AM, Winham DM, Thompson SV. Phaseolus beans: impact on glycaemic response and chronic disease risk in human subjects. Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108 Suppl 1:S52-65.

[670] Atkinson FS, Foster-Powell K, Brand-Miller JC. International tables of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:2281-3.

O’Keefe JH, Bell DSH. Postprandial hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia (postprandial dysmetabolism) is a cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:899-904.

Lavi T, Karasik A, Koren-Morag N, et al. The acute effect of various glycemic index dietary carbohydrates on endothelial function in nondiabetic overweight and obese subjects. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:2283-7.

[671] Sievenpiper JL, Kendall CW, Esfahani A, et al. Effect of non-oil-seed pulses on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled experimental trials in people with and without diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009;52:1479-95.

[672] Chu TT, Benzie IF, Lam CW, Fok BS, Lee KK, Tomlinson B. Study of potential cardioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi): results of a controlled human intervention trial. Br J Nutr. 2012 Apr;107(7):1017-27.

Seto SW, Lam TY, Tam HL, et al. Novel hypoglycemic effects of Ganoderma lucidum water-extract in obese/diabetic (+db/+db) mice. Phytomedicine. 2009 May;16(5):426-36.

[673] Teng BS, Wang CD, Zhang D, et al. Hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of a proteoglycan from ganoderma lucidum on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Feb;16(2):166-75.

Zheng J, Yang B, Yu Y, Chen Q, Huang T, Li D. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides exert anti-hyperglycemic effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through affecting beta-cells. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2012 Aug;15(7):542-50.

[674] Isomaa B. A major health hazard: the metabolic syndrome. Life Sci. 2003 Sep 26;73(19):2395-411.
Yang CY, Peng CY, Liu YC, Chen WZ, Chiou WK. Surface anthropometric indices in obesity-related metabolic diseases and cancers. Chang Gung Med J. 2011 Jan-Feb;34(1):1-22.
Rosato V, Bosetti C, Talamini R, et al. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Ann Oncol. 2011 Mar 23.
Rosato V, Tavani A, Bosetti C, et al. Metabolic syndrome and pancreatic cancer risk: a case-control study in Italy and meta-analysis. Metabolism. 2011 May 5.
Welzel TM, Graubard BI, Zeuzem S, El-Serag HB, Davila JA, McGlynn KA. Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of primary liver cancer in the United States: A study in the SEER-medicare database. Hepatology. 2011 Apr 29.

[675] Kabir M, Skurnik G, Naour N, et al. Treatment for 2 mo with n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces adiposity and some atherogenic factors but does not improve insulin sensitivity in women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;86(6):1670-9.

[676] Noel SE, Newby PK, Ordovas JM, Tucker KL. Adherence to an (n-3) fatty acid/fish intake pattern is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome among Puerto Rican adults in the Greater Boston area. J Nutr. 2010 Oct;140(10):1846-54.
Ebbesson SO, Risica PM, Ebbesson LO, Kennish JM, Tejero ME. Omega-3 fatty acids improve glucose tolerance and components of the metabolic syndrome in Alaskan Eskimos: the Alaska Siberia project. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2005 Sep;64(4):396-408.

[677] Kabir M, Skurnik G, Naour N, et al. Treatment for 2 mo with n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces adiposity and some atherogenic factors but does not improve insulin sensitivity in women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;86(6):1670-9.
Sneddon AA, Tsofliou F, Fyfe CL, et al. Effect of a conjugated linoleic acid and omega-3 fatty acid mixture on body composition and adiponectin. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 May;16(5):1019-24.
Sato A, Kawano H, Notsu T, et al. Antiobesity effect of eicosapentaenoic acid in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced obesity: importance of hepatic lipogenesis. Diabetes. 2010 Oct;59(10):2495-504.

[678] Das UN. A defect in the activity of Delta6 and Delta5 desaturases may be a factor predisposing to the development of insulin resistance syndrome. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2005 May;72(5):343-50.

[679] Pitel S, Raccah D, Gerbi A, Pieroni G, Vague P, Coste TC. At low doses, a gamma-linolenic acid-lipoic acid conjugate is more effective than docosahexaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids in preventing neuropathy in diabetic rats. J Nutr. 2007 Feb;137(2):368-72.

[680] Jamal GA, Carmichael H. The effect of gamma-linolenic acid on human diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Diabet Med. 1990 May;7(4):319-23.
Horrobin DF. Essential fatty acids in the management of impaired nerve function in diabetes. Diabetes. 1997 Sep;46 Suppl 2:S90-3.

[681] Keen H, Payan J, Allawi J, et al. Treatment of diabetic neuropathy with gamma-linolenic acid. The gamma-Linolenic Acid Multicenter Trial Group. Diabetes Care. 1993 Jan;16(1):8-15.

[682] http://www.townsendletter.com/Dec2007/alphalipo1207.htm

[683] Kelley, D. E., and B. H. Goodpaster. Effects of physical activity on insulin action and glucose tolerance in obesity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 31: (Suppl.) S619–S623, 1999

Mayer-Davis, E. J., R. D’Agostino, A. J. Karter, et al. Intensity and amount of physical activity in relation to insulin sensitivity: the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. JAMA 279: 669–674, 1998

Ivy JL: Role of exercise training in the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Sports Med 24:326-336, 1997

Boyd DB. Insulin and cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2003; 2(4):315-29.

Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI, Trudeau ME, Koo J, Madarnas Y, Hartwick W, Hoffman B, Hood N. Fasting insulin and outcome in early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Jan 1;20(1):42-51.

[684] D’Avanzo B. Nanni O. La Vecchia C. Franceschi S. Negri E. Giacosa A. Conti E. Montella M. Talamini R. Decarli A. Physical activity and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 1996;5(3):155-60

Bernstein L. Henderson BE. Hanisch R. Sullivan-Halley J. Ross RK. Physical exercise and reduced risk of breast cancer in young women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1994;86(18):1403-8

Frisch RE. Wyshak G. Albright NL. Albright TE. Schiff I. Jones KP. Witschi J. Shiang E. Koff E. Marguglio M. Lower prevalence of breast cancer and cancers of the reproductive system among former college athletes compared to non-athletes. British Journal of Cancer. 52(6):885-91, 1985

Wyshak G. Frisch RE. Albright NL. Albright TE. Schiff I. Lower prevalence of benign diseases of the breast and benign tumours of the reproductive system among former college athletes compared to non-athletes. British Journal of Cancer. 54(5):841-5, 1986.

[685] Sridhar GR. Psychiatric co-morbidity& diabetes. Indian J Med Res. 2007 Mar;125(3):311-20.
Csaba BM. Anxiety as an independent cardiovascular risk. Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 2006 Mar;8(1):5-11.
Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H. L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biol Psychol. 2007 Jan;74(1):39-45.

Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis. Part I. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(3):289-303.
Epel ES. Psychological and metabolic stress: a recipe for accelerated cellular aging? Hormones (Athens). 2009 Jan-Mar;8(1):7-22.
Boscarino JA. Posttraumatic stress disorder and physical illness: results from clinical and epidemiologic studies. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1032:141-53.
Alonso-Fernandez P, De la Fuente M. Role of the Immune System in Aging and Longevity. Curr Aging Sci. 2011 Jan

[686] Beracochea D. Anterograde and retrograde effects of benzodiazepines on memory. ScientificWorldJournal. 2006;6:1460-5.
Savic MM, Obradovic DI, Ugresic ND, Bokonjic DR. Memory effects of benzodiazepines: memory stages and types versus binding-site subtypes. Neural Plast. 2005;12(4):289-98.

[687] Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;4(3):198-219.

[688] Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;4(3):198-219.
Epel ES. Psychological and metabolic stress: A recipe for accelerated cellular aging? Hormones. 2009;8(1):7-22.

[689] Rege NN, Thatte UM, Dahanukar SA. Adaptogenic properties of six rasayana herbs used in Ayurvedic medicine. Phytother Res. 1999 Jun;13(4):275-91.

[690] Kelly GS. Rhodiola rosea: a possible plant adaptogen. Altern Med Rev. 2001 Jun;6(3):293-302.

[691] Rege NN, Thatte UM, Dahanukar SA. Adaptogenic properties of six rasayana herbs used in Ayurvedic medicine. Phytother Res. 1999 Jun;13(4):275-91.

[692] Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;4(3):198-219.

[693] Qin YJ, Zeng YS, Zhou CC, Li Y, Zhong ZQ. Effects of Rhodiola rosea on level of 5-hydroxytryptamine, cell proliferation and differentiation, and number of neuron in cerebral hippocampus of rats with depression induced by chronic mild stress. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2008 Dec;33(23):2842-6.

Chen QG, Zeng YS, Qu ZQ, et al. The effects of Rhodiola rosea extract on 5-HT level, cell proliferation and quantity of neurons at cerebral hippocampus of depressive rats. Phytomedicine. 2009 Sep;16(9):830-8.

[694] Olsson EM, von Scheele B, Panossian AG. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the standardised extract shr-5 of the roots of Rhodiola rosea in the treatment of subjects with stress-related fatigue. Planta Med. 2009 Feb;75(2):105-12.

[695] Zhang ZJ, Tong Y, Zou J, Chen PJ, Yu DH. Dietary supplement with a combination of Rhodiola crenulata and Ginkgo biloba enhances the endurance performance in healthy volunteers. Chin J Integr Med. 2009 Jun;15(3):177-83.

[696] Aslanyan G, Amroyan E, Gabrielyan E, Nylander M, Wikman G, Panossian A. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study of single dose effects of ADAPT-232 on cognitive functions. Phytomedicine. 2010 Jun;17(7):494-9.

Perfumi M, Mattioli L. Adaptogenic and central nervous system effects of single doses of 3% rosavin and 1% salidroside Rhodiola rosea L. extract in mice. Phytother Res. 2007 Jan;21(1):37-43.

[697] Panossian A, Wikman G, Sarris J. Rosenroot (Rhodiola rosea): traditional use, chemical composition, pharmacology and clinical efficacy. Phytomedicine. 2010 Jun;17(7):481-93.

[698] Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NT, Perry EK, Wesnes KA. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 Jul;72(4):953-64.

Kennedy DO, Wake G, Savelev S, et al. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm) with human CNS nicotinic and muscarinic receptor-binding properties. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Oct;28(10):1871-81.

[699] Gyllenhaal C, Merritt SL, Peterson SD, Block KI, Gochenour T. Efficacy and safety of herbal stimulants and sedatives in sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev. 2000 Jun;4(3):229-51.
Kennedy DO, Little W, Haskell CF, Scholey AB. Anxiolytic effects of a combination of Melissa officinalis and Valeriana officinalis during laboratory induced stress. Phytother Res. 2006. Feb;20(2):96-102.
Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NT, Perry EK, Wesnes KA. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 Jul;72(4):953-64.

[700] Kennedy DO, Little W, Scholey AB. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in humans after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm). Psychosom Med. 2004 Jul;66(4):607-13.

[701] Aphale AA, Chhibba AD, Kumbhakarna NR, Mateenuddin M, Dahat SH. Subacute toxicity study of the combination of ginseng (Panax ginseng) and ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) in rats: a safety assessment. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1998 Apr;42(2):299-302.

[702] Auddy B, Hazra J, Mitra A. Unpublished study conducted at the University of Montana; data provided by vendor. parameters in chronically stressed humans: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. JANA. 2008;11(1):50-6.

[703] Dhuley JN. Effect of ashwagandha on lipid peroxidation in stress-induced animals. J Ethnopharmacol. 1998;60:173-8.

Grandhi A, Mujumdar AM, Patwardhan BA. Comparative pharmacological investigation of ashwagandha and ginseng. J Ethnopharmacol. 1994;44:131-5.
Mishra LC, Singh BB, Dagenais S. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): a review. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(4):334-46.
Schliebs R, Liebmann A, Bhattacharya SK, et al. Systemic administration of defined extracts from Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) and shilajit differentially affects cholinergic but not glutamatergic and gabaergic markers in rat brain. Neurochem Int. 1997;30:181-90.
Archana R, Namasivayam A. Antistressor effect of Withania somnifera. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;64:91-3.
Auddy B, Hazra J, Mitra A. Unpublished study conducted at the University of Montana; data provided by vendor. parameters in chronically stressed humans: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. JANA. 2008;11(1):50-6.

[704] Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya A, Sairam K, Ghosal S. Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: an experimental study. Phytomedicine. 2000 Dec;7(6):463-9.

[705] Nathan PJ, Lu K, Gray M, Oliver C. The neuropharmacology of L-theanine(N-ethyl-L-glutamine): a possible neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing agent. J Herb Pharmacother. 2006;6(2):21-30.
Vuong QV, Stathopoulos CE, Golding JB, Nguyen MH, Roach PD. Optimum conditions for the water extraction of L-theanine from green tea. J Sep Sci. 2011 Sept;34(18):2468-74.

[706] Vuong QV, Bowyer MC, Roach PD. L-theanine: properties, synthesis and isolation from tea. J Sci Food Agric. 2011 Aug 30;91(11):1931-9.

Wakabayashi C, Numakawa T, Ninomiya M, Chiba S, Kunugi H. Behavioral and molecular evidence for psychotropic effects in L: -theanine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2011 Aug 23.

[707] Nathan PJ, Lu K, Gray M, Oliver C. The neuropharmacology of L-theanine(N-ethyl-L-glutamine): a possible neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing agent. J Herb Pharmacother. 2006;6(2):21-30.

[708] Lu K, Gray MA, Oliver C, et al. The acute effects of L-theanine in comparison with alprazolam on anticipatory anxiety in humans. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004 Oct;19(7):457-65.

[709] http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/val1473.shtml

http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/xan1491.shtml

[710] Beracochea D. Anterograde and retrograde effects of benzodiazepines on memory. ScientificWorldJournal. 2006;6:1460-5.
Savic MM, Obradovic DI, Ugresic ND, Bokonjic DR. Memory effects of benzodiazepines: memory stages and types versus binding-site subtypes. Neural Plast. 2005;12(4):289-98.

[711] Wagner H, Norr H, Winterhoff H. Plant adaptogens. Phytomedicine 1994;1:63-76.
Bhargava KP, Singh N. Anti-stress activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Indian J Med Res. 1981;73:443-51.
Sen P, Maiti PC, Puri S, et al. Mechanism of anti-stress activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn, eugenol and Tinospora malabarica in experimental animals. Indian J Exp Biol. 1992;30:592-6.
Singh S, Majumdar DK. Evaluation of the gastric anti-ulcer activity of fixed oil of Ocimum sanctum (holy basil). J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;65(1):13-9.
Sembulingam K, Sembulingam P, Namasivayam A. Effect of Ocimum sanctum Linn on noise induced changes in plasma corticosterone level. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;41(2):139-43.
Rai V, Iyer U, Mani UV. Effect of tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on blood sugar levels, serum lipids and tissue lipids in diabetic rats. Plant Foods for Human Nutr. 1997;50:9-16.

[712] Rai V, Iyer U, Mani UV. Effect of tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on blood sugar levels, serum lipids and tissue lipids in diabetic rats. Plant Foods for Human Nutr. 1997;50:9-16.
Sethi J, Sood S, Seth S, Talwar A. Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of Ocimum sanctum. Ind J Clin Biochem. 2004;19(2):152-5.

[713] Sethi J, Sood S, Seth S, Talwar A. Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of Ocimum sanctum. Ind J Clin Biochem. 2004;19(2):152-5.
Subramanian M, Chintalwar GJ, Chattopadhyay S. Antioxidant and radioprotective properties of an Ocimum sanctum polysaccharide. Redox Rep. 2005;10(5):257-64.

[714] Singh S, Nair V, Jain S, Gupta YK. Evaluation of antiinflammatory activity of plant lipids containing alpha-linolenic acid. Ind Jour Exp Biol. 2008;46(6):453-6.

[715] Singh S, Majumdar DK. Evaluation of the gastric anti-ulcer activity of fixed oil of Ocimum sanctum (holy basil). J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;65(1):13-9.

[716] Subramanian M, Chintalwar GJ, Chattopadhyay S. Antioxidant and radioprotective properties of an Ocimum sanctum polysaccharide. Redox Rep. 2005;10(5):257-64.
Suanarunsawat T, Boonnak T, Na Ayutthaya WD, Thirawarapan S. Anti-hyperlipidemic and cardioprotective effects of Ocimum sanctum L. fixed oil in rats fed a high fat diet. J Basic Clin Phys Pharmacol. 2010;21(4):387-400.

[717] Saxena RC, Singh R, Kumar P, et al. Efficacy of an extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (OciBest) in the management of general stress: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:894509. Epub 2011 Oct 3.

[718] Singh HK, Rastogi RP, Srimal RC, et al. Effect of bacosides A and B on avoidance responses in rats. Phytother Res. 1988;2(2):70-5.
Singh HK, Dhawan BN. Effect of Bacopa monniera Linn. (brahmi) extract on avoidance response in rat. J Ethnopharmacol. 1982;5:205-14.
Singh RH, Singh L. Studies on the anti-anxiety effects of the medhya rasayana drug, Brahmi (Bacopa monniera Wettst.) part I. J Res Ayur Siddha. 1960;1(1):133-48.
Rao GM, Karanth KS. Neuropharmacological activity of Herpestis monniera. Fitoterapia. 1992;63(5):399-404.
Stough C, Lloyd J, Clarke J, et al. The chronic effects of an extract on Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) on cognitive function in healthy human subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001;156(4):481-4.

[719] Singh RH, Singh L. Studies on the anti-anxiety effects of the medhya rasayana drug, Brahmi (Bacopa monniera Wettst.) part I. J Res Ayur Siddha. 1960;1(1):133-48.

[720] Unpublished study conducted at the University of Montana; data provided by vendor.

[721] Sheikh N, Ahmad A, Siripurapu KB, Kuchibhotla VK, Singh S, Palit G. Effect of Bacopa monniera on stress induced changes in plasma corticosterone and brain monoamines in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 May 22;111(3):671-6.

[724] Raghav S, Singh H, Dalal PK, Srivastava JS, Asthana OP. Randomized controlled trial of standardized Bacopa monniera extract in age-associated memory impairment. Ind J Psych. 2006;48(4):238-42.

[725] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis Part II. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(4):429-57.
Dai G, Bao T, Xu C, et al. CordyMax Cs-4 improves steady-state bioenergy status in mouse liver. J Altern Complement Med. 2001;7(3):231-40.
Kiho T, Ookubo K, Usui S, et al. Structural features and hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide (CS-F10) from the cultured mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol Pharm Bull. 1999;22(9):966-70.

[726] Kiho T, Ookubo K, Usui S, et al. Structural features and hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide (CS-F10) from the cultured mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol Pharm Bull. 1999;22(9):966-70.
Kiho T, Hui J, Yamane A, Ukai S. Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXII. Hypoglycemic activity and chemical properties of a polysaccharide from the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1993 Dec;16(12):1291-3.

[727] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis. Part I. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(3):289-303.
Li SP, Li P, Dong TT, et al. Anti-oxidation activity of different types of natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia. Phytomedicine. 2001 May;8(3):207-12.

[728] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis Part II. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(4):429-57.
Khan MA, Tania M, Zhang D, Chen H. Cordyceps mushroom: A potent anticancer nutraceutical. Open Nutra Jour. 2010 May;3:179-83.

[729] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis Part II. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(4):429-57.

[730] Manabe N, Sugimoto M, Azuma Y. Effects of the mycelial extract of cultured Cordyceps sinensis on in vivo hepatic energy metabolism in the mouse. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1996;70:85-8.

[731] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis. Part I. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(3):289-303.

[732] Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis Part II. J Altern Complement Med. 1998;4(4):429-57.

[733] Laugero KD, Smilowitz JT, German JB, Jarcho MR, Mendoza SP, Bales KL. Plasma omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status and monounsaturated fatty acids are altered by chronic social stress and predict endocrine responses to acute stress in titi monkeys. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2011 Mar-Apr;84(3-4):71-8.

[734] Delarue J, Guillodo MP, Guillerm S, Elbaz A, Marty Y, Cledes J. Fish oil attenuates adrenergic overactivity without altering glucose metabolism during an oral glucose load in haemodialysis patients. Br J Nutr. 2008 May;99(5):1041-7.

[735] Delarue J, Matzinger O, Binnert C, Schneiter P, Chiolero R, Tappy L. Fish oil prevents the adrenal activation elicited by mental stress in healthy men. Diabetes Metab. 2003 Jun;29(3):289-95.
Michaeli B, Berger MM, Revelly JP, Tappy L, Chiolero R. Effects of fish oil on the neuro-endocrine responses to an endotoxin challenge in healthy volunteers. Clin Nutr. 2007 Feb;26(1):70-7.
Hamazaki T, Itomura M, Sawazaki S, Nagao Y. Anti-stress effects of DHA. Biofactors. 2000;13(1-4):41-5.
Sawazaki S, Hamazaki T, Yazawa K, Kobayashi M. The effect of docosahexaenoic acid on plasma catecholamine concentrations and glucose tolerance during long-lasting psychological stress: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1999 Oct;45(5):655-65.

[736] Maes M, Christophe A, Bosmans E, et al. In humans, serum polyunsaturated fatty acid levels predict the response of proinflammatory cytokines to psychologic stress. Biol Psychiatry. 2000 May 15;47(10):910-20.

[737] Yehuda S, Rabinovitz S, Carasso RL, Mostofsky DI. Fatty acid mixture counters stress changes in cortisol, cholesterol, and impair learning. Int J Neurosci. 2000;101(1-4):73-87.

[738] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/meditation-forandrer-vores-hjerner

[739] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/meditation-former-hjernen

[740] Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: a conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, (10)2, 125-143:

Melbourne Academic Mindfulness Interest Group (2006). Mindfulness-base psychotherapies: a review of conceptual foundations, empirical evidence and practical considerations. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 40, 28-294.: Experiencing mindfulness meditation—a client narrative perspective

http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/mindfulness-meditation-kan-hjaelpe-mod-stress-og-fobier

[741] “Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Health Among Breast Cancer Survivors.”

University of Missouri-Columbia. Publiceret i Western Journal of Nursing Research.

“Breast cancer survivors benefit from practicing mindfulness-based stress reduction.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 29 December 2011.

[742] Shapiro TA, Fahey JW, Dinkova-Kostova AT, et al. Safety, tolerance, and metabolism of broccoli sprout glucosinolates and isothiocyanates: a clinical phase I study. Nutr Cancer. 2006;55(1):53-62.

Steinbrecher A, Nimptsch K, Husing A, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J. Dietary glucosinolate intake and risk of prostate cancer in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2009 Nov 1;125(9):2179-86.

Prakash D, Gupta C. Glucosinolates: the phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance. J Complement Integr Med. 2012;9(1):Article 13.

Tian M, Bi W, Row KH. Multi-phase Extraction of glycoraphanin from broccoli using aminium ionic liquid-based silica. Phytochem Anal. 2012 Jul 9.

Nijhoff WA, Grubben MJ, Nagengast FM, et al. Effects of consumption of Brussels sprouts on intestinal and lymphocytic glutathione S-transferases in humans. Carcinogenesis. 1995 Sep;16(9):2125-8.

[743] Nature 2008

[744] Munday R, Munday CM. Induction of phase II detoxification enzymes in rats by plant-derived isothiocyanates: comparison of allyl isothiocyanate with sulforaphane and related compounds. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Apr 7;52(7):1867-71.

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/isothiocyanates

[745] Friesen H, et al. Indole-3-carbinol as a chemopreventive agent in 2-amino-1- methyl-6- phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) carcinogenesis: inhibition of PhIP-DNA adduct formation, acceleration of PhIP metabolism, and induction of cytochrome P450 in female F344 rats. Food Chem Toxicol (2000 Jan) 38(1):15-23.

[746] Telang N, et al. Inhibition of proliferation and modulation of estradiol metabolism: novel mechanisms for breast cancer prevention by the phytochemical indole-3-carbinol. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med (1997 Nov) 216(2):246-52.

[747] Ambrosone CB, McCann SE, Freudenheim JL, Marshall JR, Zhang Y, Shields PG. Breast cancer risk in premenopausal women is inversely associated with consumption of broccoli, a source of isothiocyanates, but is not modified by GST genotype. J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1134-8.

Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

Dalessandri KM, Firestone GL, Fitch MD, Bradlow HL, Bjeldanes LF. Pilot study: effect of 3,3’-diindolylmethane supplements on urinary hormone metabolites in postmenopausal women with a history of early-stage breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2004;50(2):161-7.

[748] Ambrosone CB, McCann SE, Freudenheim JL, Marshall JR, Zhang Y, Shields PG. Breast cancer risk in premenopausal women is inversely associated with consumption of broccoli, a source of isothiocyanates, but is not modified by GST genotype. J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1134-8.

Tomczyk J, Olejnik A. Sulforaphane–a possible agent in prevention and therapy of cancer. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2010 Nov 29;64:590-603.

Kumar A, Sabbioni G. New biomarkers for monitoring the levels of isothiocyanates in humans. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Apr 19;23(4):756-65.

[749] Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

[750] Bradlow HL, Davis DL, Lin G, Sepkovic D, Tiwari R. Effects of pesticides on the ratio of 16 alpha/2-hydroxyestrone: a biologic marker of breast cancer risk. Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:147-50.

http://bwww.breasthealthproject.com/documents/EstrogenMetabolismandRiskofBreastCancer.pdf. August 9, 2013. Muti P, Bradlow HL, Micheli A, et al. Estrogen metabolism and risk of breast cancer: a prospective study of the 2:16alpha-hydroxyestrone ratio in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Epidemiology. 2000 Nov;11(6):635-40.

[751] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 September 16; 94(19): 10367–10372

Johns Hopkins University September 15, 1997

[752] Cancer Prevention Research June 9, 2014 [Epub ahead of print]

Johns Hopkins Press Release June 16, 2014

NPR June 18, 2014

http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2014

[753]Egner PA, Chen JG, Zarth AT, Ng D, Wang J, Kensler TW, et al. “Rapid and Sustainable Detoxication of Airborne Pollutants by Broccoli Sprout Beverage: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial in China.” Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2014 Jun 9. pii: canprevres.0103.2014.

http://www.worldhealth.net/news/detox-broccoli-sprouts/

Time June 17, 2014

[754]This study follows research by Barts and the London School of Medicine and the Peninsula Medical School (published in February 2008 in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension), which found that beetroot juice reduces blood pressure.

University of Exeter. “Beetroot Juice Boosts Stamina, New Study Shows.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 7 August 2009.< www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090806141520.htm>.

http://www.naturalhealth365.com

[755] J Med Food. 2008 Dec;11(4):623-8.

[756] . J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jun 24;57(12):5623-32.

[757] http://www.naturalhealth365.com

[758] http://www.care2.com

[759] http://www.livestrong.com

[760] T. H. Jakobsen, M. van Gennip, R. K. Phipps, M. S. Shanmugham, L. D. Christensen, M. Alhede, M. E. Skindersoe, T. B. Rasmussen, K. Friedrich, F. Uthe, P. O. Jensen, C. Moser, K. F. Nielsen, L. Eberl, T. O. Larsen, D. Tanner, N. Hoiby, T. Bjarnsholt, M. Givskov. Ajoene, a Sulfur-Rich Molecule from Garlic, Inhibits Genes Controlled by Quorum Sensing. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2012; 56 (5): 2314 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.05919-11

[761] GreenMedInfo.com, Curcumin Kills Drug Resistant Cancers, 54 Abstracts

GreenMedInfo.com, Curcumin Kills Multi-Drug Resistant Cancers: 27 Abstracts.

[762] American Chemical Society. “Avocados Contain Potent Liver Protectants.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 December 2000.

American Society for Microbiology. “Garlic constituent blocks biofilm formation, could benefit cystic fibrosis patients and others.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 27 May 2012.< www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527115543.htm>.

[763] Pradhan SC, Girish C. Hepatoprotective herbal drug, silymarin from experimental pharmacology to clinical medicine. Indian J Med Res. 2006 Nov;124(5):491-504.

Brantley SJ, Oberlies NH, Kroll DJ, Paine MF. Two flavonolignans from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) inhibit CYP2C9-mediated warfarin metabolism at clinically achievable concentrations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Mar;332(3):1081-7.

[764] Jacobs BP, Dennehy C, Ramirez G, et al. Milk thistle for the treatment of liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2002 Oct 15;113(6):506-15.

Flora K, Hahn M, Rosen H, et al. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) for the therapy of liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Feb;93(2):139-43.

Carducci R, Armellino MF, Volpe C, et al. [Silibinin and acute poisoning with Amanita phalloides]. Minerva Anestesiol. 1996 May;62(5):187-93.

Drugs. 2001;61(14):2035-63.

J Pharm Belg. 2003;58(1):28-31.

Dig Liver Dis. 2004 Nov;36(11):752-9.

Saller R, Meier R, Brignoli R. The use of silymarin in the treatment of liver diseases. Drugs. 2001;61(14):2035-63.

Laekeman G, De Coster S, De Meyer K. St. Mary’s Thistle: an overview. J Pharm Belg. 2003;58(1):28-31.

Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier R. An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin. Forsch Komplementmed. 2008 Feb;15(1):9-20.

Ferenci P, Dragosics B, Dittrich H, et al. Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol. 1989;9:105-13.

El-Kamary SS, Shardell MD, Abdel-Hamid M, et al. A randomized controlled trial to assess the safety and efficacy of silymarin on symptoms, signs and biomarkers of acute hepatitis. Phytomedicine. 2009 May;16(5): 391-400.

Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier R. An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin. Forsch Komplementmed. 2008 Feb;15(1):9-20.

Ferenci P, Dragosics B, Dittrich H, et al. Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol. 1989;9:105-13. El-Kamary SS, Shardell MD, Abdel-Hamid M, et al. A randomized controlled trial to assess the safety and efficacy of silymarin on symptoms, signs and biomarkers of acute hepatitis. Phytomedicine. 2009 May;16(5): 391-400.

[765] Huseini HF, Larijani B, Heshmat R, et al. The efficacy of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (silymarin) in the treatment of type II diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2006 Dec;20(12):1036-9.

Vidlar A, Vostalova J, Ulrichova J, et al. The safety and efficacy of a silymarin and selenium combination in men after radical prostatectomy-a six month placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2010 Sep;154(3):239-44

Ramasamy K, Agarwal R. Multitargeted therapy of cancer by silymarin. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):352-62.

Murata N, Murakami K, Ozawa Y, et al. Silymarin attenuated the amyloid plaque burden and improved behavioral abnormalities in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010 Nov;74(11):2299-306.

[766] Sonnenbichler J et al. Biochemical effects of the flavonolignan silibinin on RNA, protein, and DNA synthesis in rat livers. Progress Clin Biol Res 1986;213:319-31.
Valenzuela A, Garrido A. Biochemical bases of the pharmacological action of the flavonoid silymarin and its structural isomer silibinin. Biol Res 1994;27:105-12.

[767] Dehmlow C et al. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by silibinin in human cells. Life Sci 1996;58:1591- 1600.

[768] Available at: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/422884. Accessed May 17, 2011.

[769] Cai J, Nelson KC, et al. Oxidative damage and protection of the RPE. ProgRetin Eye Res. 2000;19(2):205–21.

[770] Bounous G. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment. Anticancer Res. 2000;20(6C):4785–92.

[771] Devlin T. Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlates. 5th ed. New York: Wiley-Liss; 2002.

[772] Osman E, Owen JS, et al. Review article: S-adenosyl-L-methionine—a new therapeutic agent in liver disease? Aliment PharmacolTher. 1993;7(1):21–8.

[773] Osman E, Owen JS, et al. Review article: S-adenosyl-L-methionine—a new therapeutic agent in liver disease? Aliment PharmacolTher. 1993;7(1):21–8.

[774] Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov;76(5):1183S-7S.

[775] Shim, Jae-Young;Shin, Hye-seoung;Han et al.: Protective effects of Chlorella vulgaris on liver toxicity in cadmium administered rats. Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. http://science.naturalnews.com/2008

[776] Son, Young Ae;Shim, Jee Ae;Hong, Soyoung;Kim, Mi Kyung. Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. http://science.naturalnews.com

[777] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11535365.

[778] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8686573

[779] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8914687

[780] Paul Clayton: Helseguiden. Hvordan du kombinerer de mest helsebringende næringsstoffene for å bremse aldring og opnå optimal helse. Forlaget Press 2005

[781] http://www.motherearthliving.com/health-and-wellness/how-to-boost-your-immune-system-with-herbs.aspx

http://www.herbs-info.com/immune-boosting-herbs.html

[782] Swann JB, Smyth MJ. Immune surveillance of tumors. J Clin Invest. 2007 May;117(5):1137-46.

[783] http://www.naturalnews.com/035530_immune_system_herbs_spices.html

[784] Brussow H, Sidoti J, et al. Effect of malnutrition in Ecuadorian children on titers of serum antibodies to various microbial antigens. ClinDiag Lab Immunol.1995;(2):62–8.

Lotfy O, Saleh W, et al. A study of some changes of cell mediated immunity in protein energy malnutrition. J Egypt SocParasitol. 1998;28:413–28.

DelaFuente M, Ferrández M, et al. Immune function in aged women is improved by ingestion of vitamins C and E. Can J PhysiolPharmacol. 1998;(76):373–80.

[785] Kaminogawa S, Nanno M. Modulation of Immune Functions by Foods. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2004.

Katona P, Katona-Apte J: The interaction between nutrition and infection. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46(10): 1582-8. (PubMed)

Schaible UE, Kaufmann SH: Malnutrition and infection: complex mechanisms and global impacts. PLoS Med 2007; 4(5): e115. (PubMed)

[786] Thurnham DI, Northrop-Clewes CA: Effects of infection on nutritional and immune status. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press, 2004; 35-64.

[787] Katona P, Katona-Apte J: The interaction between nutrition and infection. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46(10): 1582-8. (PubMed) lpi.oregonstate.edu/

[788] Ates E, Yilmaz S et al. Perioperative immunonutrition ameliorates the postoperative immune depression in patients with gastrointestinal system cancer (prospective clinical study in 42 patients). Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2004 Jul;67(3):250-4.

[789] http://lifeovercancerblog.typepad.com

[790] http://www.1uponcancer.com

[791] Boynton A, Neuhouser ML, Wener MH, Wood B, Sorensen B, Chen-Levy Z, Kirk EA, Yasui Y, Lacroix K, McTiernan A, Ulrich CM. Associations between healthy eating patterns and immune function or inflammation in overweight or obese postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Nov;86(5):1445-55.

Garritson BK, Nikaein A, Peters GN, Gorman MA, King CC, Liepa GU. Effect of major dietary modifications on immune system in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Pract 1995; 3(4):239-46. Her i: Keith I. Block op cit s. 359

Hebert JR, Barone J, Reddy MM, Backlund JY. Natural killer cell activity in a longitudinal dietary fat intervention trial. Clinical Immunology & Immunopathology. 1990; 54(1):103-16

Hubbard NE, Somers SD, Eriskson KL. Effect of dietary fish oil on development and selected functions of murine

inflammatory macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 1991; 49: 592

Erickson KL, Hubbard NE. A possible mechanism by which dietary fat can alter tumorigenesis: lipid modulation of macrophages function. Advances in Experimental Medicine& Biology. 1994; 364:67-81.

Adams DO. Molecular biology of macrophage activation: a pathway whereby psychosocial factors can potentially affect health. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1994;56(4):316-27.

[792]http://www.lef.org

[793] Grimble RF. Effect of antioxidative vitamins on immune function with clinical applications.Int J VitamNutr Res. 1997;67(5):312–20.

[794] Cantorna M, Nashold F, et al. Vitamin A deficiency results in a priming environment conductive for Th1 cell development. Eur J Immunol. 1995;(25):1673–9.

[795] Kaminogawa S, Nanno M. Modulation of Immune Functions by Foods. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2004.

[796] Kagan VE, Freisleben HJ, et al. Generation of probucol radicals and their reduction by ascorbate and dihydrolipoic acid in human low density lipoproteins.Free Radic Res Commun. 1991;15(5):265–76.

Kagan VE, Shvedova A, et al. Dihydrolipoic acid—a universal antioxidant both in the membrane and in the aqueous phase: reduction of peroxyl, ascorbyl and chromanoxyl radicals. BiochemPharmacol. 1992;44(8):1637–49.

Peters E, Goetzsche J, et al. Vitamin C supplementation reduces the incidence of postrace symptoms of upper-respiratory-tract infection in ultramarathon runners. Am J ClinNutr.1993;57:170–4.

[797] Schwager J, Schulze J. Modulation of interleukin production by ascorbic acid. Vet ImmunolImmunopathol. 1998;64:45–57.

[798] Murrary R, Granner K, et al. Harper’s Biochemistry . 25th ed. Stamford, Conn : Appleton & Lange; 2000:349, 627–41, 766–7, 780–6.

[799] Kagan VE, Shvedova A, et al. Dihydrolipoic acid—a universal antioxidant both in the membrane and in the aqueous phase: reduction of peroxyl, ascorbyl and chromanoxyl radicals. BiochemPharmacol. 1992;44(8):1637–49.

[800] Bustamante J, Lodge JK, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid in liver metabolism and disease.Free RadicBiol Med. 1998;24(6):1023–39.

[801] Schink M, Troger W, Dabidian A, et al. Mistletoe extract reduces the surgical suppression of natural killer cell activity in cancer patients. a randomized phase III trial. ForschKomplementmed. 2007 Feb;14(1):9-17.

[802] Chew BP, Mathison BD, Hayek MG, et al. Dietary astaxanthin enhances immune response in dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2011 Apr 15;140(3-4):199-206.

Kurihara H, Koda H, Asami S, et al. Contribution of the antioxidative property of astaxanthin to its protective effect on the promotion of cancer metastasis in mice treated with restraint stress. Life Sci. 2002 Apr 21;70(21):2509-20.

Jyonouchi H, Sun S, Iijima K, et al. Antitumor activity of astaxanthin and its mode of action. Nutr Cancer. 2000;36(1):59-65.

[803] J Immunotoxicol. 2008 Jan;5(1):47-57.

http://www.naturalnews.com

[804] Int Immunopharmacol. 2007 Jun;7(6):701-24.

FEMS Immun Med Microbiol. 2003;35(1):67-75.

Med Sci Spt Ex. 2004;36(8):1321-7.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.Health and Research Topics. Available at: www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/immune/the_immune_system.pdf. Last updated July 17, 2012. Accessed September 5, 2012.

Browder IW., et al., “Modification of Post-Operative C. albicas Sepis by Glucan Immunostimulation,” Int. J. Immunopharmac.; 6:19-26. Dept of Surg and Physiol, Tulane U Sch of Med, LA; 1984.

DiLuzio N.R.,”Immunopharmacology of glucan: a broad spectrum enhancer of host defense mechanisms,” Trends in Pharmacol. SCI., 4:344-347. Dept of Physiology, Tulane U, New Orleans, LA.* 1983.

www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/immune/the_immune_system.pdf.

[805] Hum Cell. 1990 Jun;3(2):124-30.

[806] J Immunotoxicol. 2008 Jan;5(1):47-57.

[807] Jones, Derrell: Beta Glucans for optimum health. http://www.naturalnews.com

[808] http://blog.lef.org/2011/01/natural-immune-boosters.html

[809] Food Tech Biotech. 2006;44(3):303-11.

Phytomed. 2008 Jun;15(6-7):512-9.

J Altern Complement Med. 1998 Winter;4(4):429-57.

[810] Sanodiya BS, Thakur GS, Baghel RK, Prasad GB, Bisen PS.Ganoderma lucidum: a potent pharmacological macrofungus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2009 Dec;10(8):717-42.

Jiang J, Slivova V, Harvey K, Valachovicova T, Sliva D. Ganoderma lucidum suppresses growth of breast cancer cells through the inhibition of Akt/NF-kappaB signaling. Nutr Cancer. 2004;49(2):209-16.

[811] Sanodiya BS, Thakur GS, Baghel RK, Prasad GB, Bisen PS.Ganoderma lucidum: a potent pharmacological macrofungus. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2009 Dec;10(8):717-42.

Zheng S, Jia Y, Zhao J, Wei Q, Liu Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides eradicates the blocking effect of fibrinogen on NK cytotoxicity against melanoma cells. Oncol Lett. 2012 Mar;3(3):613-6.

Yue GG, Fung KP, Tse GM, Leung PC, Lau CB. Comparative studies of various ganoderma species and their different parts with regard to their antitumor and immunomodulating activities in vitro. J Altern Complement Med. 2006 Oct;12(8):777-89.

Guo L, Xie J, Ruan Y, et al. Characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a polysaccharide from the spores of Ganoderma lucidum. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Sep;9(10):1175-82.

Chang SS, Zhou D, Meng GL, et al. Effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on oxidative stress of hyperlipidemic fatty liver in rats. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;37(20):3102-6.

Chen WQ, Luo SH, Ll HZ, Yang H. Effects of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on serum lipids and lipoperoxidation in experimental hyperlipidemic rats. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2005 Sep;30(17):1358-60.

Xu Z, Chen X, Zhong Z, Chen L, Wang Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: immunomodulation and potential anti-tumor activities. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):15-27.

[812] Xu Z, Chen X, Zhong Z, Chen L, Wang Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: immunomodulation and potential anti-tumor activities. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):15-27.

[813] Zheng S, Jia Y, Zhao J, Wei Q, Liu Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides eradicates the blocking effect of fibrinogen on NK cytotoxicity against melanoma cells. Oncol Lett. 2012 Mar;3(3):613-6.

Guo L, Xie J, Ruan Y, et al. Characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a polysaccharide from the spores of Ganoderma lucidum. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Sep;9(10):1175-82.

Xu Z, Chen X, Zhong Z, Chen L, Wang Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: immunomodulation and potential anti-tumor activities. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):15-27.

[814] http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/immune_disorders/
biology_of_the_immune_system/overview_of_the_immune_system.html. May 14 , 2014.

Xu Z, Chen X, Zhong Z, Chen L, Wang Y. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: immunomodulation and potential anti-tumor activities. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):15-27.

Cao LZ, Lin ZB. Regulation on maturation and function of dendric cells by Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides. Immunol Lett. 2002;83(3):163-9.

[815] Eo SK, Kim YS, Lee CK, Han SS. Possible mode of antiviral activity of acidic protein bound polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum on herpes simplex viruses. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Oct;72(3):475-81.

[816] Liu J, Yang F, Ye LB, et al. Possible mode of action of antiherpetic activities of a proteoglycan isolated from the mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Dec;95(2-3):265-72.

[817] Kim YS, Eo SK, Oh KW, Lee C, Han SS. Antiherpetic activities of acidic protein bound polysacchride isolated from Ganoderma lucidum alone and in combinations with interferons. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Oct;72(3):451-8.

Oh KW, Lee CK, Kim YS, Eo SK, Han SS. Antiherpetic activities of acidic protein bound polysacchride isolated from Ganoderma lucidum alone and in combinations with acyclovir and vidarabine. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Sep;72(1-2):221-7.

[818] Wang L, Hou Y. Determination of trace elements in anti-influenza virus mushrooms. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2011 Dec;143(3):1799-807.

Beck MA, Nelson HK, Shi Q, et al. Selenium deficiency increases the pathology of an influenza virus infection. FASEB J. 2001;15(8):1481-3.

Singh M, Das RR. Zinc for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(2):CD001364.

Hua KF, Hsu HY, Chao LK, et al. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides enhance CD14 endocytosis of LPS and promote TLR4 signal transduction of cytokine expression. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Aug;212(2):537-50.

[819] Gao Y, Zhou S, Jiang W, Huang M, Dai X. Effects of ganopoly (a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract) on the immune functions in advanced-stage cancer patients. Immunol Invest. 2003 Aug;32(3):201-15.

[820] Tsang KW, Lam CL, et al. Coriolus versicolor polysaccharide peptide slows progression of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Med. 2003 Jun;97(6):618-24.

[821] Fisher M et al. Anticancer effects and mechanisms of polysaccharide-K (PSK): implications of cancer immunotherapy. Anticancer Res. 2002 May-Jun;22(3):1737-54.

Garcia-Lora A et al. Protein-bound polysaccharide K and interleukin-2 regulate different nuclear transcription factors in the NKL human natural killer cell line. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2001 Jun;50(4):191-8.

[822] Ohwada S et al. Adjuvant immunochemotherapy with oral Tegafur/Uracil plus PSK in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer: a randomised controlled study. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar 8;90(5):1003-10.

[823] Okazaki A et al. [The effects of PS-K on long-term survival of uterine cervical cancer patients treated with radiation]. Gan No Rinsho. 1986 Feb;32(2):181-5.

Nakazato H et al. Efficacy of immunochemotherapy as adjuvant treatment after curative resection of gastric cancer. Study Group of Immunochemotherapy with PSK for Gastric Cancer. Lancet. 1994 May 7;343(8906):1122-6.

Toi M et al. Randomized adjuvant trial to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen and PSK to chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer. 5-Year results from the Nishi-Nippon Group of the Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer Organization. Cancer. 1992 Nov 15;70(10):2475-83.

[824] Kodama N, Komuta K, et al. Can maitake MD-fraction aid cancer patients? Altern Med Rev. 2002 Jun;7(3):236-9. Review.

[825] Akao Y¹, Ebihara T, Masuda H,: Enhancement of antitumor natural killer cell activation by orally administered Spirulina extract in mice. Cancer Sci. 2009 Aug;100(8):1494-501. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01188.x. Epub 2009 May 6.

[826] Block KI, Mead MN. Immune system effects of echinacea, ginseng, and astragalus: a review. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Sep;2(3):247-67..

[827] http://www.motherearthliving.com

[828] http://www.active.com/nutrition/Articles/Echinacea

[829] Block KI, Mead MN. Immune system effects of echinacea, ginseng, and astragalus: a review. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Sep;2(3):247-67.

Chu DT, Lepe-Zuniga J, Wong WL, LaPushin R, Mavligit GM. Fractionated extract of Astragalus membranaceus, a Chinese medicinal herb, potentiates LAK cell cytotoxicity generated by a low dose of recombinant interleukin-2. J Clin Lab Immunol. 1988 Aug;26(4):183-7.

[829] Cho WC, Leung KN. In vitro and in vivo immunomodulating and immunorestorative effects of Astragalus membranaceus. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007a Aug 15;113(1):132-41.

[829] Cho WC, Leung KN. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of Astragalus membranaceus. Cancer Lett. 2007b Jul 8;252(1):43-54.

[830] http://www.motherearthliving.com

[831] http://www.motherearthliving.com

[832] Panax ginseng in Randomised Controlled Trials: A Systematic Review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22969004

[833] http://www.naturalnews.com

[834] Suh SO, Kroh M et al. Effects of red ginseng upon postoperative immunity and survival in patients with stage III gastric cancer. Am J Chin Med. 2002;30(4):483-94.

[835] Suh SO, Kroh M et al. Effects of red ginseng upon postoperative immunity and survival in patients with stage III gastric cancer. Am J Chin Med. 2002;30(4):483-94.

[836] Patya M, Zahalka MA et al. Allicin stimulates lymphocytes and elicits an antitumor effect: a possible role of p21ras. Int Immunol. 2004 Feb;16(2):275-81.

[836] Hassan ZM, Yaraee R et al. Immunomodulatory affect of R10 fraction of garlic extract on natural killer activity. Int Immunopharmacol. 2003 Oct;3(10-11):1483-9.
Patya M, Zahalka MA et al. Allicin stimulates lymphocytes and elicits an antitumor effect: a possible role of p21ras. Int Immunol. 2004 Feb;16(2):275-81.
Tang Z, Sheng Z et al. [The preventing function of garlic on experimental oral precancer and its effect on natural killer cells, T-lymphocytes and interleukin-2]. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 1997;22(3):246-8.

[837] http://www.motherearthliving.com

Ethiop Med J. 2006 Oct;44(4):385-9.

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2009 Sep;73(9):1948-55. Epub 2009 Sep 7.

Pak J Pharm Sci. 2011 Jan;24(1):81-5.

J Med Microbiol. 2010 Sep;59(Pt 9):1044-9. Epub 2010 Jun 10.

J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):1106S-8S.

[838] http://www.naturalnews.com/035530_immune_system_herbs_spices.html

[839] Adv Ther. 2001 Jul-Aug;18(4):189-93.

[840] Kasuga S, Uda N, Kyo E, et al. Pharmacologic activities of aged garlic extract in comparison with other garlic preparations. J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):1080S-4S.

Ishikawa H, Saeki T, Otani T, Suzuki T, Shimozuma K, Nishino H, Fukuda S, Morimoto K. Aged garlic extract prevents a decline of NK cell number and activity in patients with advanced cancer. J Nutr. 2006 Mar;136(3 Suppl):816S-820S.

[841] http://www.naturalnews.com/043086_garlic_natural_immunity_recipes.html

[842] Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003 Apr;43(2):139-44.

[843] Boosting of nonspecific host response by aromatic spices turmeric and ginger in immunocompromised mice. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23295981

[844] http://www.naturalnews.com/032917_cats_claw_herb.html

[845] http://informed-health.net/the-health-benefits-of-oregano-oil/#p5

[846] http://www.naturalnews.com/025908_health_turmeric_cancer.html

http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Wellness/Turmeric-curry-to-boost-immunity/Article1-863032.aspx

[847] Malar J. 2011 Mar 15;10 Suppl 1:S10. [Epub ahead of print]

[848] http://www.lef.org/newsletter/2012/0529_Curcumin-Helps-Improve-Immune-Function.htm?utm_source=eNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_term=Archive&utm_content=Update&utm_campaign=2013Wk33-2

[849] http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/red-peppers-immune-system-5408.html

[850] http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/8-immune-system-boosting-foods.html#b

[851] J Med Food. 2008 Jun;11(2):275-81.

http://www.spanimax.com/index.php/cloves

[852] J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jun 2;52(11):3530-5.

[853] Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2011 Apr 1;9(2):62-77.

[854] Amagase H, Sun B, Nance DM. Immunomodulatory effects of a standardized Lycium barbarum fruit juice in Chinese older healthy human subjects. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19857084

http://www.globalhealingcenter.com

[855] Ji LL, Wang Z, Dong F, Zhang WB, Wang ZT.Andrograpanin, a compound isolated from anti-inflammatory traditional Chinese medicine Andrographispaniculata, enhances chemokine SDF-1alpha-induced leukocytes chemotaxis. J Cell Biochem. 2005 Aug 1;95(5):970-8.

[856] http://oregonstate.edu

C Guo, B Sinnott, B Niu, MB Lowry, ML Fantacone, AF Gombart. “Synergistic induction of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene expression by vitamin D and stilbenoids.” Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013, September 14.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-09/osu-rgb091313.php

http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2013/sep/red-grapes-blueberries-may-enhance-immune-function

[857] Ashraf-Khorassani M, Taylor LT. Sequential fractionation of grape seeds into oils, polyphenols, and procyanidins via a single system employing C02-based fluids. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52(9):2440–4.

Bagchi D, Garg A, et al. Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of vitamins C and E, and a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in vitro. Res CommunMolPatholPharmacol. 1997;95(2):179–89.

Bagchi D, Garg A, et al. Protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins and selected antioxidants against TPA-induced hepatic and brain lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation, and peritoneal macrophage activation in mice. Gen Pharmacol. 1998;30(5):771–6.

[857] Peng Q, Wei Z, et al. Pycnogenol inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation and adhesion molecule expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000;57(5):834–41.

[857] Cheshier JE, Ardestani-Kaboudanian S, et al. Immunomodulation by pycnogenol in retrovirus-infected or ethanol-fed mice.Life Sci. 1996;58(5):87–96.

[858] http://blog.lef.org/2011/01/natural-immune-boosters.html

[859] Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:217-26. http://blog.lef.org/2012/01/hormones-that-boost-immune-system.html

J Pineal Res. 2004 Mar;36(2):73-9

Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;460:395-405.

Int J Exp Pathol. 2006 April; 87(2): 81–87.

Lissoni P. Modulation of anticancer cytokines IL-2 and IL-12 by melatonin and the other pineal indoles 5-methoxytryptamine and 5-methoxytryptophol in the treatment of human neoplasms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;917:560-7.
Lissoni P, Malugani F et al. Neuroimmunotherapy of untreatable metastatic solid tumors with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2, melatonin and naltrexone: modulation of interleukin-2-induced antitumor immunity by blocking the opioid system. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Aug;23(4):341-4.

[860] Maestroni GJ. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in immunodeficiency states, viral diseases, and cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:217-26.

[861] Filipski E, King VM, Li X, et al. Host circadian clock as a control point in tumor progression. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 May 1;94(9):690-7.

[862] Bartsch C, Bartsch H. Melatonin in cancer patients and in tumor-bearing animals. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:247-64.

[863] Neri B, de L, V et al. Melatonin as biological response modifier in cancer patients. Anticancer Res. 1998 Mar;18(2B):1329-32.

[864] http://blog.lef.org/2011/01/natural-immune-boosters.html

[865] Valcheva-Kuzmanova SV, Belcheva A. Current knowledge of Aronia melanocarpa as a medicinal plant. Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2006;48(2):11-7.

[866] de Pablo MA, Puertollano MA, de Cienfuegos GA: Immune cell functions, lipids and host natural resistance. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2000; 29: 323-328. (PubMed)

[867] Galli C, Calder PC: Effects of fat and fatty acid intake on inflammatory and immune responses: a critical review. Ann Nutr Metab 2009; 55(1-3): 123-39. (PubMed)
Calder PC: The relationship between the fatty acid composition of immune cells and their function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2008; 79(3-5): 101-8. (PubMed)

Institute of Medicine. Dietary fats: total fats and fatty acids. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty Acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington, D.C: The National Academies Press, 2002; 422-541. Available at http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309085373.

[868] Marteau P, de Vrese M, et al. Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics. Am J ClinNutr.2001;(73):430S–436S.

Conway PL ,Gorbach SL, et al. Survival of lactic acid bacteria in the human stomach and adhesion to intestinal cells. J Dairy Sci. 1987;70(1):12.

Robins-Brown R, Levine M. The fate of ingested lactobacilli in the proximal small intestine.Am J ClinNutr.1981;34:514–19.

Borchers AT, Selmi C, Meyers FJ, Keen CL, Gershwin ME: Probiotics and immunity. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44(1): 26-46. (PubMed) http://lpi.oregonstate.edu

[869] DagensMedicin.dk 20-12-2013

[870] Sherman PM, Ossa JC, Johnson-Henry K: Unraveling mechanisms of action of probiotics. Nutr Clin Pract 2009; 24(1): 10-4. (PubMed)

[871] de Vrese M, Schrezenmeir J: Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 2008; 111: 1-66. (PubMed)

[872] Kaminogawa S, Nanno M. Modulation of Immune Functions by Foods. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2004.

Ruemmele FM, Bier D, Marteau P, et al.: Clinical evidence for immunomodulatory effects of probiotic bacteria. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 48(2): 126-41. (PubMed)

[872] Sherman PM, Ossa JC, Johnson-Henry K: Unraveling mechanisms of action of pr

[873] Fuller R. Probiotics in human medicine. Gut.1991;(32):439–42.

Isolauri E, Sütas Y, et al. Probiotics: effects on immunity. Am J ClinNutr.2001;(73):444S–450S.

[874] Kelley DS, Taylor PC, Rudolph IL, et al.: Dietary conjugated linoleic acid did not alter immune status in young healthy women. Lipids 2000; 35(10): 1065-71. (PubMed)

Garcia OP, Long KZ, Rosado JL: Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity. Nutr Rev 2009; 67(10): 559-72. (PubMed). http://lpi.oregonstate.edu

[875] McDowell EM, Keenan KP, Huang M: Effects of vitamin A-deprivation on hamster tracheal epithelium. A quantitative morphologic study. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 1984; 45(2): 197-219.
Hatchell DL, Sommer A: Detection of ocular surface abnormalities in experimental vitamin A deficiency. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102(9): 1389-93.
Barreto ML, Santos LM, Assis AM, et al.: Effect of vitamin A supplementation on diarrhoea and acute lower-respiratory-tract infections in young children in Brazil. Lancet 1994; 344(8917): 228-31.
Brown KH, Gaffar A, Alamgir SM: Xerophthalmia, protein-calorie malnutrition, and infections in children. J Pediatr 1979; 95(4): 651-6.
Twining SS, Zhou X, Schulte DP, Wilson PM, Fish B, Moulder J: Effect of vitamin A deficiency on the early response to experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1996; 37(4): 511-22.
Sommer A, Katz J, Tarwotjo I: Increased risk of respiratory disease and diarrhea in children with preexisting mild vitamin A deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 1984; 40(5): 1090-5.
Rojanapo W, Lamb AJ, Olson JA: The prevalence, metabolism and migration of goblet cells in rat intestine following the induction of rapid, synchronous vitamin A deficiency. J Nutr 1980; 110(1): 178-88.

[876] Semba RD: Vitamin A. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc., 2004; 105-131.
Buck J, Derguini F, Levi E, Nakanishi K, Hammerling U: Intracellular signaling by 14-hydroxy-4,14-retro-retinol. Science 1991; 254(5038): 1654-6.
Blomhoff HK, Smeland EB, Erikstein B, et al.: Vitamin A is a key regulator for cell growth, cytokine production, and differentiation in normal B cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267(33): 23988-92.
Pasatiempo AM, Bowman TA, Taylor CE, Ross AC: Vitamin A depletion and repletion: effects on antibody response to the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae, type III (SSS-III). Am J Clin Nutr 1989; 49(3): 501-10.
Wiedermann U, Hanson LA, Kahu H, Dahlgren UI: Aberrant T-cell function in vitro and impaired T-cell dependent antibody response in vivo in vitamin A-deficient rats. Immunology 1993; 80(4): 581-6.
Smith SM, Hayes CE: Contrasting impairments in IgM and IgG responses of vitamin A-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84(16): 5878-82.

[876] Garbe A, Buck J, Hammerling U: Retinoids are important cofactors in T cell activation. J Exp Med 1992; 176(1): 109-17.

[876] Semba RD: Vitamin A. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc., 2004; 105-131.

[877] Balmer JE, Blomhoff R: Gene expression regulation by retinoic acid. J Lipid Res 2002; 43(11): 1773-808.

Chambon P: A decade of molecular biology of retinoic acid receptors. FASEB J 1996; 10(9): 940-54

[878] Semba RD: Vitamin A. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc., 2004; 105-131.

[879] Stephensen CB: Vitamin A, infection, and immune function. Annu Rev Nutr 2001; 21: 167-92.

[880] Fawzi WW, Chalmers TC, Herrera MG, Mosteller F: Vitamin A supplementation and child mortality. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1993; 269(7): 898-903.

[881] Semba RD: Vitamin A. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press Inc., 2004; 105-131.
Stephensen CB, Franchi LM, Hernandez H, Campos M, Gilman RH, Alvarez JO: Adverse effects of high-dose vitamin A supplements in children hospitalized with pneumonia. Pediatrics 1998; 101(5): E3.
Potential interventions for the prevention of childhood pneumonia in developing countries: a meta-analysis of data from field trials to assess the impact of vitamin A supplementation on pneumonia morbidity and mortality. The Vitamin A and Pneumonia Working Group. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73(5): 609-19.

[882] Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions. Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(2):85-94. Epub 2005 Dec 21.

[883] Anderson R, Oosthuizen R, Maritz R, Theron A, Van Rensburg AJ: The effects of increasing weekly doses of ascorbate on certain cellular and humoral immune functions in normal volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 1980; 33(1): 71-6.

Levy R, Shriker O, Porath A, Riesenberg K, Schlaeffer F: Vitamin C for the treatment of recurrent furunculosis in patients with imparied neutrophil functions. J Infect Dis 1996; 173(6): 1502-5.

Prinz W, Bortz R, Bregin B, Hersch M: The effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on some parameters of the human immunological defence system. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1977; 47(3): 248-57.

Vallance S: Relationships between ascorbic acid and serum proteins of the immune system. Br Med J 1977; 2(6084): 437-8.

Kennes B, Dumont I, Brohee D, Hubert C, Neve P: Effect of vitamin C supplements on cell-mediated immunity in old people. Gerontology 1983; 29(5): 305-10.

Panush RS, Delafuente JC, Katz P, Johnson J: Modulation of certain immunologic responses by vitamin C. III. Potentiation of in vitro and in vivo lymphocyte responses. Int J Vitam Nutr Res Suppl 1982; 23: 35-47.

Jariwalla RJ, Harakeh S: Antiviral and immunomodulatory activities of ascorbic acid. In: Harris JR, ed. Subcellular biochemistry. Ascorbic acid: biochemistry and biomedical cell biology, vol 25. New York: Plenum Press, 1996; 215-231. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu

Anderson R, Oosthuizen R, Maritz R, Theron A, Van Rensburg AJ: The effects of increasing weekly doses of ascorbate on certain cellular and humoral immune functions in normal volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 1980; 33(1): 71-6.

Levy R, Shriker O, Porath A, Riesenberg K, Schlaeffer F: Vitamin C for the treatment of recurrent furunculosis in patients with imparied neutrophil functions. J Infect Dis 1996; 173(6): 1502-5.

Anderson R: The immunostimulatory, antiinflammatory and anti-allergic properties of ascorbate. Adv Nutr Res 1984; 6: 19-45.

[884] Jariwalla RJ, Harakeh S: Antiviral and immunomodulatory activities of ascorbic acid. In: Harris JR, ed. Subcellular biochemistry. Ascorbic acid: biochemistry and biomedical cell biology, vol 25. New York: Plenum Press, 1996; 215-231.

Bergsten P, Amitai G, Kehrl J, Dhariwal KR, Klein HG, Levine M: Millimolar concentrations of ascorbic acid in purified human mononuclear leukocytes. Depletion and reaccumulation. J Biol Chem 1990; 265(5): 2584-7.

Evans RM, Currie L, Campbell A: The distribution of ascorbic acid between various cellular components of blood, in normal individuals, and its relation to the plasma concentration. Br J Nutr 1982; 47(3): 473-82.

Differentiated cells and the maintenance of tissues. In: Alberts B BD, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD, ed. Molecular biology of the cell, 3rd ed. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1994; 1139-1193.

[884] Jariwalla RJ, Harakeh S: Mechanisms underlying the action of vitamin C in viral and immunodeficiency disease. In: L. P, J. F, eds. Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Macel Dekker, Inc., 1997; 309-322.

[884] Pauling L: The immune system. How to live longer and feel better, 20th anniversary ed. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2006; 105-111.

Dahl H, Degre M: The effect of ascorbic acid on production of human interferon and the antiviral activity in vitro. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B 1976; 84B(5): 280-4.

Calder PC, Kew S. The immune system: a target for functional foods? Br J Nutr. 2002 Nov;88 Suppl 2:S165-77.

[885] Carr AC, Frei B: Toward a new recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C based on antioxidant and health effects in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69(6): 1086-107.

[886] Allard JP, Aghdassi E, Chau J, Salit I, Walmsley S. Oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant micronutrients in humans with HIV infection. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Jan;67(1):143-7.

Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions. Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(2):85-94. Epub 2005 Dec 21.

[887] Traber MG, Atkinson J: Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43(1): 4-15.

Moriguchi S, Muraga M: Vitamin E and immunity. Vitam Horm 2000; 59: 305-36.

[889] Malmberg KJ, Lenkei R et al. A short-term dietary supplementation of high doses of vitamin E increases T helper 1 cytokine production in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jun;8(6):1772-8.

[890] Branda RF, Naud SJ et al. Effect of vitamin B12, folate, and dietary supplements on breast carcinoma chemotherapy–induced mucositis and neutropenia. Cancer. 2004 Sep 1;101(5):1058-64.

[891] http://blog.lef.org/2011/01/natural-immune-boosters.html

[892] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/d-vitamin-er-immunforsvarets-batteri

[893] http://nyheder.ku.dk/alle_nyheder/2010/2010.3/dvitamin/

[894] Fong LY, Jiang Y, Riley M, et al. Prevention of upper aerodigestive tract cancer in zinc-deficient rodents: inefficacy of genetic or pharmacological disruption of COX-2. Int J Cancer. 2008 Mar 1;122(5):978-89.

Chowdhury BA, Chandra RK. Effect of zinc administration on cadmium-induced suppression of natural killer cell activity in mice. Immunol Lett. 1989 Oct;22(4):287-91.

Prasad AS. Effects of zinc deficiency on Th1 and Th2 cytokine shifts.J Infect Dis. 2000 Sep;182:S62–S68.

Cunningham-Rundles S, McNeeley DF, et al. Mechanisms of nutrient modulation of the immune response.J Allergy ClinImmunol. 2005 Jun;115(6):1119–28; quiz 1129.

[895] Prasad AS: Zinc in human health: effect of zinc on immune cells. Mol Med 2008; 14(5-6): 353-7.

http://lpi.oregonstate.edu

Cousins RJ: Zinc. In: Bowman BA, Russell RM, eds. Present knowledge in nutrition, vol 1. Washington, D.C.: ILSI Press, 2006; 445-457.

[896] Ibs K-H, Rink L: Zinc. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Human Press Inc., 2004; 241-259.

Kruse-Jarres JD: The significance of zinc for humoral and cellular immunity. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis 1989; 3(1): 1-8.

Allen JI, Perri RT, McClain CJ, Kay NE: Alterations in human natural killer cell activity and monocyte cytotoxicity induced by zinc deficiency. J Lab Clin Med 1983; 102(4): 577-89.

Ibs KH, Rink L: Zinc-altered immune function. J Nutr 2003; 133(5 Suppl 1): 1452S-6S.

Shankar AH, Prasad AS: Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68(2 Suppl): 447S-463S.

[897] Ibs KH, Rink L. Zinc-altered immune function. J Nutr. 2003 May;133(5 Suppl 1):1452S-6S.

Prasad AS. Zinc in human health: effect of zinc on immune cells. Mol Med. 2008 May-Jun;14(5-6):353-7.

Prasad AS, Beck FW, Snell DC, Kucuk O. Zinc in cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(6):879-87.

Tanaka S, Akaishi E, et al. Zinc ions suppress mitogen-activated interleukin-2 production in Jurkat cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Sep 16;335(1):162–7.

Ibs K-H, Rink L: Zinc. In: Hughes DA, Darlington LG, Bendich A, eds. Diet and human immune function. Totowa, New Jersey: Human Press Inc., 2004; 241-259.

[898] Fong LY, Jiang Y, Riley M, et al. Prevention of upper aerodigestive tract cancer in zinc-deficient rodents: inefficacy of genetic or pharmacological disruption of COX-2. Int J Cancer. 2008 Mar 1;122(5):978-89.

Dani V, Goel A, Vaiphei K, Dhawan DK. Chemopreventive potential of zinc in experimentally induced colon carcinogenesis. Toxicol Lett. 2007 Jun 15;171(1-2):10-8.

Malhotra A, Chadha VD, Nair P, Dhawan DK. Role of zinc in modulating histo-architectural and biochemical alterations during dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2009;28(4):351-9.

Chadha VD, Dhawan DK. Ultrastructural changes in rat colon following 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis: protection by zinc. Oncol Res. 2010;19(1):1-11.

Chadha VD, Garg ML, Dhawan D. Influence of extraneous supplementation of zinc on trace elemental profile leading to prevention of dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2010 Oct;20(8):493-7.

Fong LY, Jiang Y, Rawahneh ML, et al. Zinc supplementation suppresses 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced rat oral carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 2011 Apr;32(4):554-60.

[899] Chadha VD, Dhawan DK. In vitro (1)(4)C-labeled amino acid uptake changes and surface abnormalities in the colon after 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental carcinogenesis: protection by zinc. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2011;30(2):103-11.

[900] Prasad AS, Mukhtar H, Beck FW, et al. Dietary zinc and prostate cancer in the TRAMP mouse model. J Med Food. 2010 Feb;13(1):70-6.

[901] Sun J, Liu J, Pan X, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced forestomach tumor development and progression in tumor suppressor-deficient mouse strains. Carcinogenesis. 2011 Mar;32(3):351-8.

[902] Rotruck JT, Pope AL, et al. Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science. 1973;179(73):588–90.

McKenzie RC, Rafferty TS, et al. Selenium: an essential element for immune function. Immunol Today. 1998;19(8):342–5.

McKenzie RC. Selenium, ultraviolet radiation and the skin.ClinExpDermatol. 2000;25(8):631–6.

Arthur JR, McKenzie RC, Beckett GJ: Selenium in the immune system. J Nutr 2003; 133(5 Suppl 1): 1457S-9S.

McKenzie RC, Beckett GJ, Arthur JR: Effects of selenium on immunity and aging. In: Hatfield DL, Berry MJ, Gladyshev VN, eds. Selenium: Its molecular biology and role in human health, 2nd ed. New York: Springer, 2006; 311-323.

[902] Spallholz JE, Boylan LM, Larsen HS: Advances in understanding selenium’s role in the immune system. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990; 587: 123-39.

[903] Gladyshev VN: Selenoproteins and selenoproteomes. In: Hatfield DL, Berry MJ, Gladyshev VN, eds. Selenium: Its molecular biology and role in human health, 2nd ed. New York: Springer, 2006; 99-114.

[904] Arthur JR. Selenium supplementation: does soil supplementation help and why? ProcNutr Soc. 2003;62(2):393–7.

[905] Baum MK, Miguez-Burbano MJ, Campa A, Shor-Posner G: Selenium and interleukins in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis 2000; 182 Suppl 1: S69-73.

Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, Wishe HI, Cohen MW, Stotzky G: Supplementation with selenium and human immune cell functions. II. Effect on cytotoxic lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 1994; 41(1-2): 115-27.

Roy M, Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Wishe HI, Cohen MW, Stotzky G: Supplementation with selenium and human immune cell functions. I. Effect on lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin 2 receptor expression. Biol Trace Elem Res 1994; 41(1-2): 103-14.

Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, Glickman R, et al.: Selenium and immunocompetence in patients with head and neck cancer. Biol Trace Elem Res 2000; 73(2): 97-111.

[906] Folkers K, Wolaniuk A. Research on coenzyme Q10 in clinical medicine and in immunomodulation. Drugs ExpClin Res. 1985;11(8):539–45.
NCCAM.National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Cancer Facts: Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Questions and Answers about Coenzyme Q10 2000.2000.

[907] Blanchard CM, Denniston MM, Baker F, Ainsworth SR, Courneya KS, Hann DM, Gesme DH, Reding D, Flynn T, Kennedy JS. Do adults change their lifestyle behaviors after a cancer diagnosis? Am J Health Behav. 2003 May-Jun;27(3):246-56.

[908] Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 1999, Vol 31, Iss 1, pp 57-66

[909] Savard J, Laroche L, Simard S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Chronic insomnia and immune functioning. Psychosom Med 2003 Mar-Apr;65(2):211-21.

[910] Argyle DJ, Blacking T. From viruses to cancer stem cells: dissecting the pathways to malignancy. Vet J. 2008 Sep;177(3):311-23.

[911] Dowdall JF et al. Soluble interleukin 6 receptor (sIL-6R) mediates colonic tumor cell adherence to the vascular endothelium: a mechanism for metastatic initiation? J Surg Res. 2002 Sep;107(1):1-6.

Raz A, Lotan R. Endogenous galactoside-binding lectins: a new class of functional tumor cell surface molecules related to metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1987;6(3):433-52.

Guess BW, Scholz MC, Strum SB, et al. Modified citrus pectin (MCP) increases the prostate-specific antigen doubling time in men with prostate cancer: a phase II pilot study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2003;6(4):301-4.

Pienta KJ, Naik H, Akhtar A, et al. Inhibition of spontaneous metastasis in a rat prostate cancer model by oral administration of modified citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Mar 1;87(5):348-53.

[912] Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1987;6(3):433-52.

J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 5;282(1):773-81

[913] Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1987;6(3):433-52.

Nangia-Makker P, Hogan V, Honjo Y, et al. Inhibition of human cancer cell growth and metastasis in nude mice by oral intake of modified citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Dec 18;94(24):1854-62.

Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1987;6(3):433-52.

[914] Nangia-Makker P, Hogan V, Honjo Y, et al. Inhibition of human cancer cell growth and metastasis in nude mice by oral intake of modified citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Dec 18;94(24):1854-62.

[915] Pienta KJ, Naik H, Akhtar A, et al. Inhibition of spontaneous metastasis in a rat prostate cancer model by oral administration of modified citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Mar 1;87(5):348-53.

J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Dec 18;94(24):1854-62.

[916] Platt D, Raz A. Modulation of the lung colonization of B16-F1 melanoma cells by citrus pectin. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992 Mar 18;84(6):438-42.

[917] Gregorio DI. Emrich LJ. Graham S. Marshall JR. Nemoto T. Dietary fat consumption and survival among women with breast cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst. 1985 ; 75(1):37-41. Block s. 57

[918] Rowan T. Chlebowski, ,George L. Blackburn et al.: Dietary Fat Reduction and Breast Cancer Outcome: Interim Efficacy Results From the Women’s Intervention Nutrition Study. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst (20 December 2006) 98 (24): 1767-1776.doi: 10.1093/jnci/djj494

http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/98/24/1767.long

http://www.blockmd.com Posted: 10/08/2013 |

[919] http://www.blockmd.com Posted: 02/10/2015

[921] Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI,: Fasting insulin and outcome in early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Jan 1;20(1):42-51. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11773152

[922] Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW,: Effect of almonds on insulin secretion and insulin resistance in nondiabetic hyperlipidemic subjects: a randomized controlled crossover trial.

Metabolism. 2008 Jul;57(7):882-7. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.01.032. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=jenkins+almonds+whole+wheat+c-peptide

[923] Baigrie RJ, Lamont PM, Kwiatkowski D, et al. Systemic cytokine response after major surgery. Br J Surg. 1992 Aug;79(8):757-60.

Wu FP, Sietses C, von Blomberg BM, et al. Systemic and peritoneal inflammatory response after laparoscopic or conventional colon resection in cancer patients: a prospective, randomized trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003 Feb;46(2):147-55.

Volk T, Dopfmer UR, Schmutzler M, et al. Stress induced IL-10 does not seem to be essential for early monocyte deactivation following cardiac surgery. Cytokine. 2003 Dec 21;24(6):237-43.

[924] Tsujii M, Kawano S, Tsuji S, et al. Cyclooxygenase regulates angiogenesis induced by colon cancer cells. Cell. 1998 May 29;93(5):705-16.

Chu J, Lloyd FL, Trifan OC, et al. Potential involvement of the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in the regulation of tumor-associated angiogenesis and growth in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003 Jan;2(1):1-7.

[925] Kakiuchi Y, Tsuji S, Tsujii M, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 activity altered the cell-surface carbohydrate antigens on colon cancer cells and enhanced liver metastasis. Cancer Res. 2002 Mar 1;62(5):1567-72.

[926] Tucker ON, Dannenberg AJ, Yang EK, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res. 1999 Mar 1;59(5):987-90.

Chan G, Boyle JO, Yang EK, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 1999 Mar 1;59(5):991-4.

Soumaoro LT, Uetake H, Higuchi T, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression: a significant prognostic indicator for patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Dec 15;10(24):8465-71.

Yuan A, Yu CJ, Shun CT, et al. Total cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA levels correlate with vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA levels, tumor angiogenesis and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Int J Cancer. 2005 Jul 1;115(4):545-55.

[927] Tester WJ, Valsecchi M, Pomerantz, S, et al. Reduced risk of bone metastases in breast cancer patients treated with Cox-2 inhibitors. http://www.asco.org/ASCOv2/Meetings/Abstracts?&vmview=abst_detail_view&confID=55&abstractID=31561. Accessed March 27, 2012.

Harris RE, Beebe-Donk J, Doss H, et al. Aspirin, ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer prevention: a critical review of non-selective COX-2 blockage (review). Oncol Rep. 2005 Apr;13(4):559-83.

[928] Binion DG, Otterson MF, Rafiee P. Curcumin inhibits VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells through COX-2 and MAPK inhibition. Gut. 2008 Nov;57(11):1509-17.

Peng G, Dixon DA, MugaSJ, et al. Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colon carcinogenesis. MolCarcinog. 2006 May;45(5):309-19.

Subbaramaiah K, Chung WJ, Michaluart P, et al. Resveratrol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription and activity in phorbol ester-treated human mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21875-82.

Subbaramaiah K, Michaluart P, Chung WJ, et al. Resveratrol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription in human mammary epithelial cells. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1999 ;889:214-23.

Horia E, Watkins BA. Complementary actions of docosahexaenoic acid and genistein on COX-2, PGE2 and invasiveness in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2007 Apr;28(4):809-15.

O’Leary KA, de Pascual-Tereasa S, Needs PW, et al. Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription. Mutat Res. 2004 Jul 13;551(1-2):245-54.

Hwang D, Fischer NH, Jang BC, et al. Inhibition of the expression of inducible cyclooxygenase and proinflammatory cytokines by sesquiterpene lactones in macrophages correlates with the inhibition of MAP kinases. BiochemBiophys Res Commun. 1996 Sep 24;226(3):810-8.

Ali M. Mechanism by which garlic (Allium sativum) inhibits cyclooxygenase activity. Effect of raw versus boiled garlic extract on the synthesis of prostanoids. Prostaglandins LeukotEssent Fatty Acids. 1995 Dec;53(6):397-400.

Ramakrishnan G, Elinos-Baez CM, Jagan S, et al. Silymarindownregulates COX-2 expression and attenuates hyperlipidemia during NDEA-induced rat hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem. 2008 Jun;313(1-2):53-61.

[929] Anand P, Sundaram C, Jhurani S, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB.Curcumin and cancer: an “old-age” disease with an “age-old” solution. Cancer Lett. 2008 Aug 18;267(1):133-64.

[930] Bachmeier BE, Killian P, Pfeffer U, Nerlich AG. Novel aspects for the application of Curcumin in chemoprevention of various cancers. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:697-717.

Bar-Sela G, Epelbaum R, Schaffer M. Curcumin as an anti-cancer agent: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(3):190-7.

Wang L, Shen Y, Song R, Sun Y, Xu J, Xu Q. An anticancer effect of curcumin mediated by down-regulating phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 expression on highly metastatic melanoma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;76(6):1238-45.

[931] Subbaramaiah K, Chung WJ, Michaluart P, et al. Resveratrol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription and activity in phorbol ester-treated human mammary epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21875-82.

[932] Rock CL¹, Natarajan L. et al.: Longitudinal biological exposure to carotenoids is associated with breast cancer-free survival in the Women’s Healthy Eating and Living Study.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Feb;18(2):486-94. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0809. Epub 2009 Feb 3.

[933] Belle FN¹, Kampman E. et al.: Dietary fiber, carbohydrates, glycemic index, and glycemic load in relation to breast cancer prognosis in the HEAL cohort.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 May;20(5):890-9. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-1278. Epub 2011 Mar 23.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=fiber+breast+cancer+belle

McEligot AJ, Largent J, Ziogas A, Peel D, Anton-Culver H.: Dietary fat, fiber, vegetable, and micronutrients are associated with overall survival in postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Nutr Cancer. 2006;55(2):132-40. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17044767

[934] Kroenke CH, Caan BJ et al..: High- and low-fat dairy intake, recurrence, and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 May 1;105(9):616-23. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djt027. Epub 2013 Mar 14.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=kroenke+dairy+breast+cancer

[935] http://www.lef.org/whatshot/2011_01.htm#Berries-benefit-blood-pressure

[936] Furstenberger G. Senn HJ. Insulin-like growth factors and cancer. Lancet Oncology. 2002; 3(5):298-302.

Boyd DB. Insulin and cancer. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Dec;2(4):315-29.

Tang HB, Ren YP, Zhang J, Ma SH, Gao F, Wu YP. [Correlation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to angiogenesis of breast cancer in IGF-1-deficient mice] Ai Zheng. 2007 Nov;26(11):1215-20.

Gennigens C, Menetrier-Caux C, Droz JP. Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) family and prostate cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2006 May;58(2):124-45.

Scotlandi K, Picci P. Targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in sarcomas. Curr Opin Oncol. 2008 Jul;20(4):419-27.

[937] Hebert JR. Augustine A. Barone J. Kabat GC. Kinne DW. Wynder EL. Weight, height and body mass index in the prognosis of breast cancer: early results of a prospective study. Int J Cancer. 1988; 42(3):315-8. Block s. 57

Durak E. How exercise may help nutritionally. In: Cancer, Exercise, Wellness and Rehabilitation. Medical Health and Fitness: Santa Barbara, Ca. 1996; pp. 18-19

Reeves GK, Pirie K, Beral V, Green J, Spencer E, Bull D; Million Women Study Collaboration. Cancer incidence and mortality in relation to body mass index in the Million Women Study: cohort study. BMJ. 2007 Dec 1;335(7630):1134.

Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thrumond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity and mortality from cancer in a prospectively-studied cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med 2003;348(17):1625-38.

[938] Meng Q, Qi M, Chen DZ, Yuan R, Goldberg ID, Rosen EM, Auborn K, Fan S. Suppression of breast cancer invasion and migration by indole-3-carbinol: associated with up-regulation of BRCA1 and E-cadherin/catenin complexes. J Mol Med. 2000;78(3):155-65.

Fowke JH, Longcope C, Hebert JR. Brassica vegetable consumption shifts estrogen metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Aug;9(8):773-9.

Rose P, Huang Q, Ong CN, Whiteman M. Broccoli and watercress suppress matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and invasiveness of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Dec 1;209(2):105-13.

[939] Scholar EM, Wolterman K, Birt DF, Bresnick E. The effect of diets enriched in cabbage and collards on murine pulmonary metastasis. Nutrition & Cancer. 1989;12(2):121-6.

[940] http://www.lef.org/newsletter/2010/0507_Broccoli-Compound-Targets-Breast-Cancer-Stem-Cells.htm?source=eNewsLetter2010Wk27-2&key=Archive+News

May 7, 2010

[941] Wang L, Shen Y, Song R, Sun Y, Xu J, Xu Q. An anticancer effect of curcumin mediated by down-regulating phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 expression on highly metastatic melanoma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;76(6):1238-45.

Boonrao M, Yodkeeree S, Ampasavate C, Anuchapreeda S, Limtrakul P. The inhibitory effect of turmeric curcuminoids on matrix metalloproteinase-3 secretion in human invasive breast carcinoma cells. Arch Pharm Res. 2010 Jul;33(7):989-98.

Ibrahim A, El-Meligy A, Fetaih H, Dessouki A, Stoica G, Barhoumi R. Effect of curcumin and Meriva on the lung metastasis of murine mammary gland adenocarcinoma. In Vivo. 2010 Jul-Aug;24(4):401-8.

Bachmeier B, Nerlich AG, Iancu CM, et al. The chemopreventive polyphenol Curcumin prevents hematogenous breast cancer metastases in immunodeficient mice. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2007;19(1-4):137-52.

[942] Anand P, Sundaram C, Jhurani S, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB.Curcumin and cancer: an “old-age” disease with an “age-old” solution. Cancer Lett. 2008 Aug 18;267(1):133-64.

[943] Bachmeier BE, Killian P, Pfeffer U, Nerlich AG. Novel aspects for the application of Curcumin in chemoprevention of various cancers. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:697-717.

Bar-Sela G, Epelbaum R, Schaffer M. Curcumin as an anti-cancer agent: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(3):190-7.

[944] Seely D, Mills EJ et al. The Effects of Green Tea Consumption on Incidence of Breast Cancer and Recurrence of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Integr Cancer Ther. 2005 Jun;4(2):144-55.

Thangapazham RL, Passi N, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenol and epigallocatechin gallate induce apoptosis and inhibit invasion in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2007 Dec;6(12):1938-43.

Leong H, Mathur PS, Greene GL. Inhibition of mammary tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40 mouse model by green tea. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 Feb;107(3):359-69.

Isemura M et al. Tea catechins and related polyphenols as anti-cancer agents. Biofactors 2000; 13:81-5.

Journal of Cancer Biology and Therapy, December 2007, Volume 6, Issue 12.
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (2007, December 9). Green Tea Shown To Possess Antitumor Effect In Breast Cancer. ScienceDaily. Retrieved September 17, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2007/12/071208171411.htm
Seely D, Mills EJ, Wu P, Verma S, Guyatt GH. The effects of green tea consumption on incidence of breast cancer and recurrence of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Integr Cancer Ther. 2005 Jun;4(2):144-55.

Leong H, Mathur PS, Greene GL. Green tea catechins inhibit angiogenesis through suppression of STAT3 activation. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Oct;117(3):505-15.

[945] Jung YD, Kim MS, Shin BA, et al. EGCG, a major component of green tea, inhibits tumour growth by inhibiting VEGF induction in human colon carcinoma cells. Br J Cancer. 2001b Mar 23;84(6):844-50.

[946] Beltz LA, Bayer DK, Moss AL, Simet IM. Mechanisms of cancer prevention by green and black tea polyphenols. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006 Sep;6(5):389-406.

[946] Chen YC, Liang YC, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JK. Inhibition of TPA-induced protein kinase C and transcription activator protein-1 binding activities by theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea in NIH3T3 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Apr;47(4):1416-21.

[947] Messina M, Abrams DI, Hardy M.: Can clinicians now assure their breast cancer patients that soyfoods are safe?

Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2010 May;6(3):335-8. doi: 10.2217/whe.10.20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20426596

Li Y, Bhuiyan M, Sarkar FH. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of c-erbB-2 in MDA-MB-435 cells by genistein. Int J Oncol. 1999 Sep;15(3):525-33.

Shao ZM, Wu J, Shen ZZ, Barsky SH. Genistein exerts multiple suppressive effects on human breast carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 1998 Nov 1;58(21):4851-7.

[948] Chi F¹, Wu R, Zeng YC, Xing R, Liu Y, Xu ZG.: Post-diagnosis soy food intake and breast cancer survival: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(4):2407-12. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=chi+post-diagnosis+soy

[949] Nechuta SJ, Caan BJ, Chen WY, Lu W, Chen Z, Kwan ML, et al. Soy food intake after diagnosis of breast cancer and survival: an in-depth analysis of combined evidence from cohort studies of US and Chinese women. Am J Clin Nutr 2012 Jul;96(1):123-32.

Kang HB, Zhang YF, Yang JD, Lu KL. Study on soy isoflavone consumption and risk of breast cancer and survival. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012;13(3):995-8.

Wu AH, Yu MC, Tseng CC, Pike MC. Epidemiology of soy exposures and breast cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2008 Jan 15;98(1):9-14.

Bosviel R, Dumollard E, Dechelotte P, Bignon YJ, Bernard-Gallon D. Can soy phytoestrogens decrease DNA methylation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 oncosuppressor genes in breast cancer? OMICS 2012 May;16(5):235-44.

Liao FH, Shieh MJ, Yang SC, Lin SH, Chien YW. Effectiveness of a soy-based compared with a traditional low-calorie diet on weight loss and lipid levels in overweight adults. Nutrition 2007 Jul;23(7-8):551-6.

http://sund-forskning.dk/artikler/soja-og-brystkraeft/

[950] Cos S, Fernandez R, Guezmes A, et al. Influence of melatonin on invasive and metastatic properties of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1998 Oct 1;58(19):4383-90. http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-022.shtml

Mao L, Yuan L, Slakey LM, Jones FE, Burow ME, Hill SM. Inhibition of breast cancer cell invasion by melatonin is mediated through regulation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Breast Cancer Res. 2010;12(6):R107.

[951] Lissoni P, Barni S, Tancini G, et al. A randomised study with subcutaneous low-dose interleukin 2 alone vs interleukin 2 plus the pineal neurohormone melatonin in advanced solid neoplasms other than renal cancer and melanoma. Br J Cancer. 1994b Jan;69(1):196-9.

Lissoni P, Meregalli S, Nosetto L, et al. Increased survival time in brain glioblastomas by a radioneuroendocrine strategy with radiotherapy plus melatonin compared to radiotherapy alone. Oncology. 1996 Jan;53(1):43-6.

[952] Adams LS, Phung S, Yee, N, Seeram NP, Li L, Chen S. Blueberry phytochemicals inhibit frowth and metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through modulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. Cancer Res. 2010a May 1;70(9):3594-605.

Matchett MD, MacKinnon SL, Sweeney MI, Gottschall-Pass KT, Hurta RA. Blueberry flavonoids inhibit matrix metalloproteinase activity in DU145 human prostate cancer cells. Biochem Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;83(5):637-43.

Alosi JA, McDonald DE, Schneider JS, Privette AR, McFadden DW. Pterostilbene inhibits breast cancer in vitro through mitochondrial depolarization and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. J Surg Res. 2010 Jun 15;161(2):195-201.

[953] Adams LS, Kanaya N, Phung S, Liu Z, Chen S. Whole blueberry powder modulates the growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast tumors in nude mice. J Nutr. 2011 Oct;141(10):1805-12.

[954] Roy S, Kaur M, Agarwal C, Tecklenburg M, Sclafani RA, Agarwal R. P21 and p27 induction by silibinin is essential for its cell cycle arrest effect in prostate carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2007; 6(10):2696-707.

Ramasamy K, Dwyer-Nield LD, Serkova NJ, et al. Silibinin prevents lung tumorigenesis in wild-type but not in iNOS-/- mice: potential of real-time micro-CT in lung cancer chemoprevention studies. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Feb 15; 17(4):753-61.

Gu M, Singh RP, Dhanalakshmi S, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Silibinin inhibits inflammatory and angiogenic attributes in photocarcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice. Cancer Res. 2007;67:3483-91.

Hogan FS, Krishnegowda NK, Mikhailova M, Kahlenberg MS. Flavonoid, silibinin, inhibits proliferation and promotes cell-cycle arrest of human colon cancer. J Surg Res. 2007 Nov;143(1):58-65.

Cui W, Gu F, Hu K-Q. Effects and mechanisms of silibinin on human hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Apr; 15(16):1943-50.

Greenlee H, Abascal K, Yarnell E, Ladas E. Clinical applications of Silybum marianum in oncology. Integr Cancer Ther. 2007 Jun;6(2):158-65.

Kim S, Han J, Kim JS, et al. Silibinin suppresses EGFR ligand-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of EGFR activity in breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2011 Nov;31(11):3767-73.

Kim S, Kim SH, Hur SM, et al. Silibinin prevents TPA-induced MMP-9 expression by down-regulation of COX-2 in human breast cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Nov 12;126(2):252-7.

Kim S, Choi JH, Lim HI, et al. Silibinin prevents TPA-induced MMP-9 expression and VEGF secretion by inactivation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Phytomedicine. 2009 Jun;16(6-7):573-80.

[955] Huang SC, Ho CT, Lin-Shiau SY, Lin JK. Carnosol inhibits the invasion of B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells by suppressing metalloproteinase-9 through down-regulating nuclear factor-kappa B and c-Jun. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 15;69(2):221-32.

Slamenova D, Kuboskova K, Horvathova E, Robichova S. Rosemary-stimulated reduction of DNA strand breaks and FPG-sensitive sites in mammalian cells treated with H2O2 or visible light-excited Methylene Blue. Cancer Lett. 2002 Mar 28;177(2):145-53.

Kar S, Palit S, Ball WB, Das PK. Carnosic acid modulates Akt/IKK/NF-kB signaling by PP2A and induces intrinsic and extrinsic pathway mediated apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells. Apoptosis. 2012 Jul;17(7):735-47.

Yesil-Celiktas O, Sevimli C, Bedir E, Vardar-Sukan F. Inhibitory effects of rosemary extracts, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid on the growth of various human cancer cell lines. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2010 Jun;65(2):158-63.

[956] Nutrients. Nov 2013; 5(11): 4284–4304.

[957] Angiology. 1994 Jun;45(6 Pt 2):566-73.

[958] Koyoma S, Cobb LJ, Mehta HH et al. Pomegranate extract induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells by modulation of the IGF-IGFBP axis. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2010;20:55-62.

Khan SA. The role of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in colon cancer. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2009;22:346-8.

Adhami VM, Khan N, Mukhtar H. Cancer chemoprevention by pomegranate: laboratory and clinical evidence. Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(6):811-5.

[959] Kim ND, Mehta R, Yu W, et al. Chemopreventive and adjuvant therapeutic potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum) for human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Feb;71(3):203-17.

[960] American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 30. maj 2012

[961] http://users.rcn.com/jkimball. ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/B/BCL2.html

[962] Folkers K, Brown R, Judy WV, et al. Survival of cancer patients on therapy with coenzyme Q10. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Apr 15;192(1):241-5.
Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Hanioka T, et al. Apparent partial remission of breast cancer in ‘high risk’ patients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants, essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:s231-s240.

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, et al. Apparent partial remission of breast cancer in ‘high risk’ patients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants, essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:231-40.

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, et al. Progress on therapy of breast cancer with vitamin Q10 and the regression of metastases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995;212(1):172-7.

Folkers K, Osterborg A, Nylander M, et al. Activities of vitamin Q10 in animal models and a serious deficiency in patients with cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 19;234(2):296-9

Bahar M, Khaghani S, Pasalar P, et al. Exogenous coenzyme Q10 modulates MMP-2 activity in MCF-7 cell line as a breast cancer cellular model. Nutr J. 2010;9:62.

[963] Vadhanavikit, S. et al.: Micro-analysis for coenzyme Q10 in endomyocardial biopsies of cardiac patients and data on bovine and canine hearts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1984 sep 28: 123(3): 1165-9. Moss: Antioxidants against cancer

[964] Moss: Antioxidants against cancer s. 71

[965] Lund EL, Quistorff B, et al. Effect of radiation therapy on small-cell lung cancer is reduced by ubiquinone intake. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1998;43(5):505-6.

[966] Malins DC, Polissar NL, Gunselman SJ. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1996; 93(6): 2557-63.

[967] Bertram JS, Vine AL. Cancer prevention by retinoids and carotenoids: independent action on a common target. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 May 30;1740(2):170-8.

[968] Nagendraprabhu P, Sudhandiran G. Astaxanthin inhibits tumor invasion by decreasing extracellular matrix production and induces apoptosis in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis by modulating the expressions of ERK-2, NFkB and COX-2. Invest New Drugs. 2011 Apr;29(2):207-24.

[969] Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1319-27.

Martinez-Montemayor MM, Acevedo RR, Otero-Franqui E, Cubano LA, Dharmawardhane SF. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) inhibits cancer cell growth and expression of key molecules in inflammatory breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2011;63(7):1085-94.

[970] Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1319-27.

[971] Jiang J, Slivova V, Sliva D. Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by down-regulation of estrogen receptor and NF-kappaB signaling. Int J Oncol. 2006 Sep;29(3):695-703.

Jiang J, Grieb B, Thyagarajan A, Sliva D. Ganoderic acids suppress growth and invasive behavior of breast cancer cells by modulating AP-1 and NF-kappaB signaling. Int J Mol Med. 2008 May;21(5):577-84.

Jiang J, Slivova V, Valachovicova T, Harvey K, Sliva D. Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells PC-3. Int J Oncol. 2004 May;24(5):1093-9.

Boh B. Ganoderma lucidum: a potential for biotechnological production of anti-cancer and immunomodulatory drugs. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2013 Sep;8(3):255-87.

Lin SB, Li CH, Lee SS, Kan LS. Triterpene-enriched extracts from Ganoderma lucidum inhibit growth of hepatoma cells via suppressing protein kinase C, activating mitogen-activated protein kinases and G2-phase cell cycle arrest. Life Sci. 2003 Apr 11;72(21):2381-90.

Weng CJ, Yen GC. The in vitro and in vivo experimental evidences disclose the chemopreventive effects of Ganoderma lucidum on cancer invasion and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2010 May;27(5):361-9

[972] Liu RM, Zhong JJ. Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Phytomedicine. 2011 Mar 15;18(5):349-55.

Liu J, Shiono J, Shimizu K, Kukita A, Kukita T, Kondo R. Ganoderic acid DM: anti-androgenic osteoclastogenesis inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Apr 15;19(8):2154-7.

Lu H, Kyo E, Uesaka T, Katoh O, Watanabe H. A water-soluble extract from cultured medium of Ganoderma lucidum (Rei-shi) mycelia suppresses azoxymethane-induction of colon cancers in male F344 rats. Oncol Rep. 2003 Mar-Apr;10(2):375-9.

Sliva D, Loganathan J, Jiang J, et al. Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum prevents colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47873.

Kashimoto N, Hayama M, Kamiya K, Watanabe H. Inhibitory effect of a water-soluble extract from the culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum (Rei-shi) mycelia on the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma induced by N-nitrosobis (2-hydroxypropyl) amine in Wistar rats. Oncol Rep. 2006 Dec;16(6):1181-7.

Yuen JW, Gohel MD, Ng CF. The differential immunological activities of Ganoderma lucidum on human pre-cancerous uroepithelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jun 1;135(3):711-8.

Suarez-Arroyo IJ, Rosario-Acevedo R, Aguilar-Perez A, et al. Anti-tumor effects of Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) in inflammatory breast cancer in in vivo and in vitro models. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57431.

Kimura Y, Taniguchi M, Baba K. Antitumor and antimetastatic effects on liver of triterpenoid fractions of Ganoderma lucidum: mechanism of action and isolation of an active substance. Anticancer Res. 2002 Nov-Dec;22(6a):3309-18.

[973] Vuksan V, Whitham D, SievenpiperJL, et al. Supplementation of conventional therapy with the novel grain Salba (Salvia hispanica L.) improves major and emerging cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(11):2804–2810.

[974] Maillard V, Bougnoux P, Ferrari P, et al. N-3 and N-6 fatty acids in breast adipose tissue and relative risk of breast cancer in a case-control study in Tours, France. Int J Cancer. 2002 Mar 1;98(1):78-83.

http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f3706. August 22, 2013.

[975] Bartsch, H., Nair, J., Owen, RW.: Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancers of the breast and colorectum: emerging evidence for their role as risk modifiers. Carcinogenesis 1999; 20: 2209-18

De Deckere, EA.: Possible beneficial effect of fish and fish n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast and colorectal cancer. Eur J cancer Prev 1999; 8: 213-21. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 81

Kim J, Lim SY, Shin A, et al. Fatty fish and fish omega-3 fatty acid intakes decrease the breast cancer risk: a case-control study. BMC Cancer. 2009 Jun 30;9:216.

Rose, DP., Dietary fatty acids and breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 66(Suppl.): 998S-1003S. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 81

[976] Pizzorno J. Omega 3-fatty acids: a key nutrient in cancer care. Presented at Comprehensive Cancer Care 2001, Arlington, VA, October 17-21, 2001.2001;October 17-21, 2001.

[977] Jiang WG. Regulation of cell adhesion, a central mechanism in the anticancer action of essential fatty acids (review). Int J Mol Med. 1998 Mar;1(3):621-5.

[978] Patterson RE¹, Flatt SW, Newman VA et al.: Marine fatty acid intake is associated with breast cancer prognosis.

J Nutr. 2011 Feb;141(2):201-6. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.128777. Epub 2010 Dec 22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=patterson+epa+breast+cancer

[979] Chen J, Stavro PM, Thompson LU. Dietary flaxseed inhibits human breast cancer growth and metastasis and downregulates expression of insulin-like growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor. Nutr Cancer. 2002;43(2):187-92.

[980] Bougnoux, P., Koschielny, S., Cajes, V. et al.: Alpha-linolenic acid content of adipose breast tissue: a host determinant of the risk of early metastasis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1994: 330-34. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 81

[981] Cesano A, Visonneau S, Scimeca JA, et al. Opposite effects of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid on human prostatic cancer in SCID mice. Anticancer Res. 1998 May;18(3A):1429-34.

Visonneau S, Cesano A, Tepper SA, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses the growth of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in SCID mice. Anticancer Res. 1997 Mar;17(2A):969-73.

Ip MM, Masso-Welch PA, Shoemaker SF, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of normal rat mammary epithelial cells in primary culture. Exp Cell Res. 1999 Jul 10;250(1):22-34.
Chajes V, Lavillonniere F, Maillard V, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid content in breast adipose tissue of breast cancer patients and the risk of metastasis. Nutr Cancer. 2003;45(1):17-23.

Banni S, Angioni E, Casu V, et al. Decrease in linoleic acid metabolites as a potential mechanism in cancer risk reduction by conjugated linoleic acid. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Jun;20(6):1019-24.

[982] Ip C, Ip MM, Loftus T, et al. Induction of apoptosis by conjugated linoleic acid in cultured mammary tumor cells and premalignant lesions of the rat mammary gland. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Jul;9(7):689-96.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10919739

[983] Visonneau S, Cesano A, Tepper SA, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses the growth of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in SCID mice. Anticancer Res. 1997 Mar;17(2A):969-73.

Visonneau S, Cesano A, Tepper SA, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses the growth of human breast adenocarcinoma cells in SCID mice. Anticancer Res. 1997 Mar;17(2A):969-73.

Banni S, Angioni E, Casu V, et al. Decrease in linoleic acid metabolites as a potential mechanism in cancer risk reduction by conjugated linoleic acid. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Jun;20(6):1019-24.

Bocca C, Bozzo F, Cannito S, Colombatto S, Miglietta A. CLA reduces breast cancer cell growth and invasion through ERalpha and PI3K/Akt pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2010 Jan 5;183(1):187-93.

[984] Malins, Donald C., et al. Progression of human breast cancers to the metastatic state is linked to hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Vol. 93, No. 6, March 19, 1996, pp. 2557-63. http://www.yourhealthbase.com/vitamin_C.htm

[985] Fleischauer AT, Simonsen N et al. Antioxidant supplements and risk of breast cancer recurrence and breast cancer-related mortality among postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2003;46(1):15-22.

[986] Rose DP. Connolly JM. Regulation of tumor angiogenesis by dietary fatty acids and eicosanoids. Nutr Cancer. 37(2):119-27, 2000.

[987] Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. N Engl J Med. 1971 Nov 18;285(21):1182-6

[988] Sampath D, Winneker RC, Zhang Z. Cyr61, a member of the CCN family, is required for MCF-7 cell proliferation: regulation by 17beta-estradiol and overexpression in human breast cancer. Endocrinology. 2001 Jun;142(6):2540-8.

Farhan H, Wahala K, Adlercreutz H, et al. Isoflavonoids inhibit catabolism of vitamin D in prostate cancer cells. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Sep 25;777(1-2):261-8.

[989] Folkman J, Shing Y. Control of angiogenesis by heparin and other sulfated polysaccharides. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1992a;313:355-64.

Folkman J. The role of angiogenesis in tumor growth. Semin Cancer Biol. 1992b Apr;3(2):65-71.

NIH/NCI. Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Cancer Research. NIH/NCI Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Cancer Research 1998 Jul 7 Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute (Http://Www Slip Net/~Mcdavis/Database/Angio163 Htm).1998;Jul 7

[990] Cao Y, Langer R. A review of Judah Folkman’s remarkable achievements in biomedicine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 9;105(36):13203-5.

[991] Reinacher-Schick A, Pohl M, Schmiegel W. Drug insight: antiangiogenic therapies for gastrointestinal cancers–focus on monoclonal antibodies. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 May;5(5):250-67. Block s. 71

[992] Arbiser JL, Klauber N, Rohan R, et al. Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mol Med. 1998 Jun;4(6):376-83.

[993] Bachmeier BE, Killian P, Pfeffer U, Nerlich AG. Novel aspects for the application of Curcumin in chemoprevention of various cancers. Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:697-717.

Bar-Sela G, Epelbaum R, Schaffer M. Curcumin as an anti-cancer agent: review of the gap between basic and clinical applications. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(3):190-7.

Furness MS, Robinson TP et al. Antiangiogenic agents: studies on fumagillin and curcumin analogs. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(3):357-73.

Dulak J. Nutraceuticals as anti-angiogenic agents: hopes and reality. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2005 Mar;56 Suppl 1:51-69.

Newmark et al. 2000

Shah BH, Nawaz Z, Pertani SA, et al. Inhibitory effect of curcumin, a food spice from turmeric, on platelet-activating factor- and arachidonic acid-mediated platelet aggregation through inhibition of thromboxane formation and Ca2+ signaling. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Oct 1;58(7):1167-72.

Nie D, Lamberti M, Zacharek A, et al. Thromboxane A(2) regulation of endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jan 7;267(1):245-51.

Arbiser JL, Klauber N, Rohan R, et al. Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mol Med. 1998 Jun;4(6):376-83.

Nagaraju GP, Aliya S, Zafar SF, Basha R, Diaz R, El-Rayes BF. The impact of curcumin on breast cancer. Integr Biol (Camb). 2012 Jul 6.

Dorai T, Cao YC, Dorai B, et al. Therapeutic potential of curcumin in human prostate cancer. III. Curcumin inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vivo. Prostate. 2001 Jun 1;47(4):293-303.

[994] Lee YK, Bone ND, et al. VEGF receptor phosphorylation status and apoptosis is modulated by a green tea component, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2004b;104(3):788-94.

Ferrara N. The role of VEGF in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Exs. 2005;(94):209-31.

[995] Jung YD, Kim MS, Shin BA, et al. EGCG, a major component of green tea, inhibits tumour growth by inhibiting VEGF induction in human colon carcinoma cells. Br J Cancer. 2001b Mar 23;84(6):844-50.

Jung YD, Ellis LM. Inhibition of tumour invasion and angiogenesis by epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea. Int J Exp Pathol. 2001 Dec;82(6):309-16.

[996] Farabegoli F, Barbi C, Lambertini E, Piva R. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate downregulates estrogen receptor alpha function in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Cancer Detect Prev. 2007;31(6):499-504.

[997] Leong H, Mathur PS, Greene GL. Inhibition of mammary tumorigenesis in the C3(1)/SV40 mouse model by green tea. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 Feb;107(3):359-69.

Leong H, Mathur PS, Greene GL. Green tea catechins inhibit angiogenesis through suppression of STAT3 activation. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Oct;117(3):505-15.

[998] Hsuuw YD, Chan WH. Epigallocatechin gallate dose-dependently induces apoptosis or necrosis in human MCF-7 cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Jan;1095:428-40.

[999] Lee YK, Bone ND, et al. VEGF receptor phosphorylation status and apoptosis is modulated by a green tea component, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2004b;104(3):788-94. 5

[1000] Ferrara N. The role of VEGF in the regulation of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Exs. 2005;(94):209-31.

[1001] Vantyghem SA, Wilson SM et al. Dietary genistein reduces metastasis in a postsurgical orthotopic breast cancer model. Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 15;65(8):3396-403.

[1002] Ravindranath MH, Muthugounder S et al. Anticancer therapeutic potential of soy isoflavone, genistein. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2004;546:121-65.

[1003] Dinkova-Kostova AT. Chemoprotection against cancer by isothiocyanates: A focus on the animal models and the protective mechanisms. Top Curr Chem. 2012 Jul 3

Meng Q, Goldberg ID, Rosen EM, Fan S. Inhibitory effects of Indole-3-carbinol on invasion and migration in human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000;63(2):147-152. (

[1003] Chang X, Tou JC, Hong C, et al. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane inhibits angiogenesis and the growth of transplantable human breast carcinoma in athymic mice. Carcinogenesis. 2005;26(4):771-778.

Aggarwal BB, Ichikawa H. Molecular targets and anticancer potential of indole-3-carbinol and its derivatives. Cell Cycle. 2005 Sep;4(9):1201-15.

Wu HT, Lin SH, Chen YH. Inhibition of cell proliferation and in vitro markers of angiogenesis by indole-3-carbinol, a major indole metabolite present in cruciferous vegetables. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53(13):5164-5169. (PubMed) http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/i3c/index.html

[1004] Dinkova-Kostova AT. Chemoprotection against cancer by isothiocyanates: A focus on the animal models and the protective mechanisms. Top Curr Chem. 2012 Jul 3.

[1005] Studiets forfattere var Shankar at Henry Ford Hospital sammen med Bruna Victorasso Jardim-Perassi; Ali S. Arbab; Livia Carvalho Ferreira; Thaiz Borin; Nadimpalli R. S. Varma; A.S.M Iskander; Adarsh Shankar; Meser M. Ali; Deboara Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari

In certain breast cancers, melatonin shows potential to slow tumor growth. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com Januar 2014

J Pineal Res. 2012 Jul 17 (doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2012.01030.x.). [nk2]

Moselhy SS, Al mslmani MA. Chemopreventive effect of lycopene alone or with melatonin against the genesis of oxidative stress and mammary tumors induced by 7,12 dimethyl(a)benzanthracene in sprague dawely female rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2008 Dec;319(1-2):175-80.

[1006] Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):262-8.

[1007] J Med Food. 2004;7(3):274-83.

Invest New Drugs. 2005 Mar;23(2):121-2.

J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Jan 19;109(2):177-206.

Int J Oncol. 2008 Feb;32(2):475-80.

Angiogenesis. 2003;6(2):121-8

Toi M, Bando H, Ramachandran C, et al. Preliminary studies on the anti-angiogenic potential of pomegranate fractions in vitro and in vivo. Angiogenesis. 2003;6(2):121-8.

[1008] Cao QZ, Lin ZB. Antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides peptide. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2004 Jun;25(6):833-8.

[1009] Roy S, Khanna S, Alessio HM, Vider J, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Sen CK. Anti-angiogenic property of edible berries. Free Radic Res. 2002 Sep;36(9):1023-31.

Marty M, Pivot X. The potential of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in metastatic breast cancer: Clinical experience with anti-angiogenic agents, focusing on bevacizumab. Eur J Cancer. 2008 May;44(7):912-20.

Gordillo G, Fang H, Khanna S, Harper J, Phillips G, Sen CK. Oral administration of blueberry inhibits angiogenic tumor growth and enhances survival of mice with endothelial cell neoplasm. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2009 Jan;11(1):47-58

Liu Y, Song X, Zhang D, et al. Blueberry anthocyanins: protection against ageing and light-induced damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Br J Nutr. 2011 Oct 12:1-12.

[1010] De Flora S, D’Agostini F, Masiello L, et al. Synergism between N-acetylcysteine and doxorubicin in the prevention of tumorigenicity and metastasis in murine models. Int J Cancer. 1996 Sep 17;67(6):842-8.

Agarwal A, Munoz-Najar U, Klueh U, Shih SC, Claffey KP. N-acetyl-cysteine promotes angiostatin production and vascular collapse in an orthotopic model of breast cancer. Am J Pathol. 2004 May;164(5):1683-96.

Hara R, Inomata Y, Kawaji T, et al. Suppression of choroidal neovascularization by N-acetyl-cysteine in mice. Curr Eye Res. 2010 Nov;35(11):1012-20.

Kubota M, Shimmura S, Kubota S, et al. Hydrogen and N-acetyl-L-cysteine rescue oxidative stress-induced angiogenesis in a mouse corneal alkali-burn model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jan;52(1):427-33.

[1011] Jiang C, Agarwal R, Lu J. Anti-angiogenic potential of a cancer chemopreventive flavonoid antioxidant, silymarin: inhibition of key attributes of vascular endothelial cells and angiogenic cytokine secretion by cancer epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Sep 16;276(1):371-8.

[1012] Mishra KP, Padwad YS, Dutta A, et al. Aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricata rhizome inhibits proliferation of an erythroleukemic cell line K-562 by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Immunobiology. 2008;213(2):125-31.

[1013] Tu Y, Roberts L, Shetty K, Schneider SS. Rhodiola crenulata induces death and inhibits growth of breast cancer cell lines. J Med Food. 2008 Sep;11(3):413-23.

Hu X, Lin S, Yu D, Qiu S, Zhang X, Mei R. A preliminary study: the anti-proliferation effect of salidroside on different human cancer cell lines. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2010 Dec;26(6):499-507.

Hu X, Zhang X, Qiu S, Yu D, Lin S. Salidroside induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Jul 16;398(1):62-7.

Liu Z, Li X, Simoneau AR, Jafari M, Zi X. Rhodiola rosea and salidroside decrease the growth of bladder cancer cell lines via inhibition of the mTOR pathway and induction of autophagy. Mol Carcinog. 2011 Apr 22.

[1014] Skopinska-Rozewska E, Malinowski M, Wasiutynski A, et al. The influence of Rhodiola quadrifida 50% hydro-alcoholic extract and salidroside on tumor-induced angiogenesis in mice. Pol J Vet Sci. 2008;11(2):97-104.

[1015] Fang J, Xia C, Cao Z, et al. Apigenin inhibits VEGF and HIF-1 expression via PI3K/AKT/p70S6K1 and HDM2/p53 pathways. FASEB J. 2005 Mar;19(3):342-53.

Fang J, Zhou Q, Liu LZ, et al. Apigenin inhibits tumor angiogenesis through decreasing HIF-1alpha and VEGF expression. Carcinogenesis. 2007 Apr;28(4):858-64.

[1016] Luo H, Jiang BH, King SM, et al. Inhibition of cell growth and VEGF expression in ovarian cancer cells by flavonoids. Nutr Cancer. 2008;60(6):800-9.

Li ZD, Hu XW, Wang YT, et al. Apigenin inhibits proliferation of ovarian cancer A2780 cells through Id1. FEBS Lett. 2009 Jun 18;583(12):1999-2003.

[1016] Hu XW, Meng D, Fang J, et al. Apigenin inhibited migration and invasion of human ovarian cancer A2780 cells through focal adhesion kinase. Carcinogenesis. 2008 Dec;29(12):2369-76.

[1017] Mafuvadze B, Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, et al. Apigenin induces apoptosis and blocks growth of medroxyprogesterone acetate-dependent BT-474 xenograft tumors. Horm Cancer. 2012 Aug;3(4):160-71.

Mafuvadze B, Benakanakere I, Hyder SM. Apigenin blocks induction of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA and protein in progestin-treated human breast cancer cells. Menopause. 2010 Sep-Oct;17(5):1055-63.

Mafuvadze B, Benakanakere I, Lopez Perez FR, Besch-Williford C, Ellersieck MR, Hyder SM. Apigenin prevents development of medroxyprogesterone acetate-accelerated 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011 Aug;4(8):1316-24.

[1018] Elmore S. Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Jun;35(4):495-516.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/92230/cancer/224769/Apoptosis-and-cancer-development. May 14, 2014.

[1019] Dr. Goswala Sivam, Bastyr University, USA. Conference paper presented at the American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS) Annual Meeting & Expo, May 2004. Theme: Cost-Effective Methods to Address the Leading Causes of Death & Chronic Diseases.

[1020] Karunagaran D¹, Rashmi R, Kumar TR.: Induction of apoptosis by curcumin and its implications for cancer therapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2005 Mar;5(2):117-29. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15810876

Surh YJ¹, Chun KS.: Cancer chemopreventive effects of curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:149-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569209

Xia Y, Jin L, Zhang B, Xue H, Li Q, Xu Y. The potentiation of curcumin on insulin-like growth factor-1 action in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Life Sci. 2007 May 16;80(23):2161-9.

[1021] Ravindran J, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin and cancer cells: how many ways can curry kill tumor cells selectively? AAPS J. 2009 Sep;11(3):495-510.

Zhang J, Du Y, Wu C, et al. Curcumin promotes apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells through miR-186* signaling pathway. Oncol Rep. 2010 Nov;24(5):1217-23.

Zhang J, Zhang T, Ti X, et al. Curcumin promotes apoptosis in A549/DDP multidrug-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cells through an miRNA signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Aug 13;399(1):1-6.

Clark CA, McEachern MD, Shah SH, et al. Curcumin inhibits carcinogen and nicotine-induced mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010 Sep 17.

[1022] Al-Hujaily EM, Mohamed AG, Al-Sharif I, et al. PAC, a novel curcumin analogue, has anti-breast cancer properties with higher efficiency on ER-negative cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Aug 1.

Rowe DL, Ozbay T, O’Regan RM, Nahta R. Modulation of the BRCA1 protein and induction of apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cell lines by the polyphenolic compound curcumin. Breast Cancer. 2009 Sep 2;3:61-75.

Banerjee M, Singh P, Panda D. Curcumin suppresses the dynamic instability of microtubules, activates the mitotic checkpoint and induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. FEBS J. 2010 Aug;277(16):3437-48.

[1023] Yoon MJ, Kim EH, Lim JH, Kwon TK, Choi KS. Superoxide anion and proteasomal dysfunction contribute to curcumin-induced paraptosis of malignant breast cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2010 Mar 1;48(5):713-26.

[1024] Bayet-Robert M, Kwiatkowski F, Leheurteur M, et al. Phase I dose escalation trial of docetaxel plus curcumin in patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010 Jan;9(1):8-14.

[1025] Katsube N, Iwashita K, Tsushida T, Yamaki K, Kobori M. Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and the anthocyanins. J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jan 1;51(1):68-75.

Yi W, Fischer J, Krewer G, Akoh CC. Phenolic compounds from blueberries can inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Sep 7;53(18):7320-9.

Srivastava A, Akoh CC, Fischer J, Krewer G. Effect of anthocyanin fractions from selected cultivars of Georgia-grown blueberries on apoptosis and phase II enzymes. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Apr 18;55(8):3180-5.

Vy Nguyen, Jessica Tang, Emin Oroudjev, Choong Jae Lee, Cecilia Marasigan, Leslie Wilson, George Ayoub: Cytotoxic effects of bilberry extract on MCF7-GFP-tubulin breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2010 Feb 4. Epub 2010

Thomasset S, Berry DP, Cai H, et al. Pilot study of oral anthocyanins for colorectal cancer chemoprevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Jul;2(7):625-33.

Zhao C, Giusti MM, Malik M, Moyer MP, Magnuson BA. Effects of commercial anthocyanin-rich extracts on colonic cancer and nontumorigenic colonic cell growth. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Oct 6;52(20):6122-8.

[1026] Aiyer HS, Vadhanam MV, Stoyanova R, Caprio GD, Clapper ML, Gupta RC. Dietary berries and ellagic acid

Parry J, Su L, Moore J, et al. Chemical compositions, antioxidant capacities, and antiproliferative activities of selected fruit seed flours. J Agric Food Chem. 2006 May 31;54(11):3773-8.

[1027] Seeram NP, Adams LS, Zhang Y, et al. Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro. J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Dec 13;54(25):9329-39.

Zikri NN, Riedl KM, Wang LS, Lechner J, Schwartz SJ, Stoner GD. Black raspberry components inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and modulate gene expression in rat esophageal epithelial cells. Nutr Cancer. 2009 Nov;61(6):816-26.

[1028] Coates EM, Popa G, Gili CI. Colon-available raspberry polyphenols exhibit anti-cancer effects on in vitro models of colon cancer. J Carcinog. 2007 April 18;6:4.

[1029] Igor N Sergeev, Chi-Tang Ho, Shiming Li, Julie Colby, Slavik Dushenkov: Apoptosis-inducing activity of hydroxylated polymethoxyflavones and polymethoxyflavones from orange peel in human breast cancer cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007 Dec;51(12):1478-84. PMID: 17979096
http://www.greenmedinfo.com

[1030] Chinni SR, Li Y, Upadhyay S, Koppolu PK, Sarkar FH. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) induced cell growth inhibition, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene. 2001;20(23):2927-2936.

[1031] Hong C, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Bcl-2 family-mediated apoptotic effects of 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002;63(6):1085-1097.

Howells LM, Gallacher-Horley B, Houghton CE, Manson MM, Hudson EA. Indole-3-carbinol inhibits protein kinase B/Akt and induces apoptosis in the human breast tumor cell line MDA MB468 but not in the nontumorigenic HBL100 line. Mol Cancer Ther. 2002;1(13):1161-1172.

Rahman KW, Sarkar FH. Inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-{kappa}B contributes to 3,3′-diindolylmethane-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2005;65(1):364-371.

[1032] Abdelrahim M, Newman K, Vanderlaag K, Samudio I, Safe S. 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) and its derivatives induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent upregulation of DR5. Carcinogenesis. 2006;27(4):717-728.

[1033] Chen D, Carter TH, Auborn KJ. Apoptosis in cervical cancer cells: implications for adjunct anti-estrogen therapy for cervical cancer. Anticancer Res. 2004;24(5A):2649-2656.

[1034] Zhang X, Malejka-Giganti D. Effects of treatment of rats with indole-3-carbinol on apoptosis in the mammary gland and mammary adenocarcinomas. Anticancer Res. 2003 May;23(3B):2473-9Rahman KM, Aranha O, Sarkar FH. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) induces apoptosis in tumorigenic but not in nontumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Nutr Cancer. 2003;45(1):101-12.

Dong Z. Effects of food factors on signal transduction pathways. Biofactors 2000; 12:17-28.

[1035] Sulforaphane induces cell type-specific apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines. Mol Cancer Ther. 2007 Mar;6(3):1013-21

[1036] Dong Z. Effects of food factors on signal transduction pathways. Biofactors 2000; 12:17-28. Block s. 71

[1037] Liu RM, Zhong JJ. Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Phytomedicine. 2011 Mar 15;18(5):349-55.

Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1319-27.

Yuen JW, Gohel MD, Ng CF. The differential immunological activities of Ganoderma lucidum on human pre-cancerous uroepithelial cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jun 1;135(3):711-8.

[1038] Chen D, Landis-Piwowar KR, Chen MS, et al. Inhibition of proteasome activity by the dietary flavonoid apigenin is associated with growth inhibition in cultured breast cancer cells and xenografts. Breast Cancer Res. 2007a;9(6):R80.

[1039] Chamomile Tea Wards Off The Big C: How Apigenin Reduces Cancer’s ‘Superpowers’

May 22, 2013. http://www.medicaldaily.com/chamomile-tea-wards-big-c-how-apigenin-reduces-cancers-superpowers-246129 . Studiet blev publiceret i maj 2013 i online udgaven af Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[1040] Lee WJ, Chen WK, Wang CJ, Lin WL, Tseng TH. Apigenin inhibits HGF-promoted invasive growth and metastasis involving blocking PI3K/Akt pathway and beta 4 integrin function in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Jan 15;226(2):178-91.

[1041] J Pineal Res. 2006 Sep;41(2):130-5.

[1042] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005 Oct 11;102(41):14813-8.

J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Jun;16(6):360-7.

Miris Dikmen, Nilgün Ozturk, Yusuf Ozturk: The Antioxidant Potency of Punica granatum L. Fruit Peel Reduces Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis on Breast Cancer. J Med Food. 2011 Aug 23. Epub 2011 Aug 23. PMID: 21861726. http://www.greenmedinfo.com

Dai Z, Nair V, Khan M, Ciolino HP. Pomegranate extract inhibits the proliferation and viability of MMTV-Wnt-1 mouse mammary cancer stem cells in vitro. Oncol Rep. 2010 Oct;24(4):1087-91.

Jeune MA, Kumi-Diaka J, Brown J. Anticancer activities of pomegranate extracts and genistein in human breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2005 Winter;8(4):469-75.

[1043] Lu M, Xia L, Hua H, Jing Y. Acetyl-keto-beta-boswellic acid induces apoptosis through a death receptor 5-mediated pathway in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008 Feb 15;68(4):1180-6.

[1044] Giuliana Noratto, Weston Porter, David Byrne, Luis Cisneros-Zevallos. Identifying Peach and Plum Polyphenols with Chemopreventive Potential against Estrogen-Independent Breast Cancer Cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009; 57 (12): 5219 DOI: 10.1021/jf900259m
Texas A&M AgriLife Communications (2010, June 2). Peaches, plums induce deliciously promising death of breast cancer cells. http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2010/06/100602111145.htm

[1045] Qi W, Qiao D, Martinez JD. Caffeine induces TP53-independent G(1)-phase arrest and apoptosis in human lung tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. Radiat Res. 2002 Feb;157(2):166-74.
Miura Y, Ono K, Okauchi R, Yagasaki K. Inhibitory effect of coffee on hepatoma proliferation and invasion in culture and on tumor growth, metastasis and abnormal lipoprotein profiles in hepatoma-bearing rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2004 Feb;50(1):38-44.
Thangapazham RL, Passi N, Maheshwari RK. Green tea polyphenol and epigallocatechin gallate induce apoptosis and inhibit invasion in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2007 Dec;6(12):1938-43.

[1046] Lee J, Cho K.: Flaxseed sprouts induce apoptosis and inhibit growth in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2012 Apr;48(4):244-50. doi: 10.1007/s11626-012-9492-1. Epub 2012 Mar 22. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22438134

[1047] Chu SC, et al. Thymoquinone Induces Cell Death in Human Squamous Carcinoma Cells via Caspase Activation-Dependent Apoptosis and LC3-II Activation-Dependent Autophagy. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 7;9(7):e101579.

[1048] Mathew R, Karp CM, Beaudoin B, Vuong N, Chen G, Chen HY et al. (2009). “Autophagy suppresses tumorigenesis through elimination of p62“. Cell 137 (6): 1062–75.

http://www.greenmedinfo.com

[1049] Nakagawa H, Kiyozuka Y, Uemura Y, et al. Resveratrol inhibits human breast cancer cell growth and may mitigate the effect of linoleic acid, a potent breast cancer cell stimulator. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2001 Apr;127(4):258-64.

Wang Y, Ding L, Wang X, et al. Pterostilbene simultaneously induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cyto-protective autophagy in breast cancer cells. Am J Transl Res. 2012;4(1):44-51.

Lee H, Zhang P, Herrmann A, et al. Acetylated STAT3 is crucial for methylation of tumor-suppressor gene promoters and inhibition by resveratrol results in demethylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 15;109(20):7765-9.

Zhu W, Qin W, Zhang K, et al. Trans-resveratrol alters mammary promoter hypermethylation in women at increased risk for breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2012 Apr;64(3):393-400.

[1050] Kimura Y, Okuda H. Resveratrol isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum root prevents tumor growth and metastasis to lung and tumor-induced neovascularization in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice. J Nutr. 2001 Jun;131(6):1844-9.

Kozuki Y, Miura Y, Yagasaki K. Resveratrol suppresses hepatoma cell invasion independently of its anti-proliferative action. Cancer Lett. 2001 Jun 26;167(2):151-6.

Kang JH, Park YH, Choi SW, et al. Resveratrol derivatives potently induce apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Exp Mol Med. 2003 Dec 31;35(6):467-74.

Asou H, Koshizuka K, Kyo T, et al. Resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes, is a new inducer of differentiation in human myeloid leukemias. Int J Hematol. 2002 Jun;75(5):528-33.

Tsan MF, White JE, Maheshwari JG, et al. Anti-leukemia effect of resveratrol. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002 May;43(5):983-7.

[1051] Hodges S, Hertz N, Lockwood K, Lister R. CoQ10: could it have a role in cancer management? Biofactors. 1999;9(2-4):365-70.

Folkers K, Osterborg A, Nylander M, Morita M, Mellstedt H. Activities of vitamin Q10 in animal models and a serious deficiency in patients with cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 19;234(2):296-9.

Folkers K, Brown R, Judy WV, Morita M. Survival of cancer patients on therapy with coenzyme Q10. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Apr 15;192(1):241-5.

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Hanioka T Folkers K. Apparent partial remission of breast cancer in ‘high risk’ patients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants, essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppls231-s40.

Bliznakov EG. Effect of stimulation of the host defense system by coenzyme Q 10 on dibenzpyrene-induced tumors and infection with Friend leukemia virus in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1973 Feb;70(2):390-4.

Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Energy-modulating vitamins—a new combinatorial therapy prevents cancer cachexia in rat mammary carcinoma. Br J Nutr. 2005 Jun;93(6):901-9.

Folkers K. Relevance of the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q10 and of the four bases of DNA as a rationale for the molecular causes of cancer and a therapy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jul 16;224(2):358-61.

Portakal O, Ozkaya O, Erden IM, et al. Coenzyme Q10 concentrations and antioxidant status in tissues of breast cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2000 Jun;33(4): 279-84.

Ren S, Lien EJ. Natural products and their derivatives as cancer chemopreventive agents. Prog Drug Res. 1997;48:147-71.

Palan PR, Mikhail MS, Shaban DW, Romney SL. Plasma concentrations of coenzyme Q10 and tocopherols in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2003 Aug;12(4):321-6.
Jolliet P, Simon N, Barre J, et al. Plasma coenzyme Q10 concentrations in breast cancer: prognosis and therapeutic consequences. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Sep;36(9):506-9.

Gorelick C, Lopez-Jones M, Goldberg GL, Romney SL, Khabele D. Coenzyme Q10 and lipid-related gene induction in HeLa cells. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 May;190(5): 1432-34.

[1052] http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2005/oct2005_report_coq10_01.htm.

[1053] Kline K, Yu W, Sanders BG. Vitamin E: mechanisms of action as tumor cell growth inhibitors. J Nutr. 2001 Jan;131(1):161S-3S.
Comitato R, Leoni G, Canali R, Ambra R, Nesaretnam K, Virgili F. Tocotrienols activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: involvement of ERbeta signal transduction. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 May;54(5):669-78.

[1054] Block G, Patterson B, Subar A. Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutr Cancer. 1992;18(1):1-29.

[1055] Mo H, Elson CE. Apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in human and murine tumor cells are initiated by isoprenoids. J Nutr. 1999 Apr;129(4):804-13.

[1056] Yu W, Simmons-Menchaca M, Gapor A, et al. Induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by tocopherols and tocotrienols. Nutr Cancer. 1999;33(1):26-32.

[1057] Jean Carper: Mad din mirakelmedicin. P. Haase & Søns Forlag 1998.

[1058] Shimizu H, Ross RK, Bernstein L, et al. Serum oestrogen levels in postmenopausal women: comparison of American whites and Japanese in Japan. Br J Cancer. 1990;62(3):451-3.
Hill P, Chan P, Cohen L, Wynder E, Kuno K. Diet and endocrine-related cancer. Cancer. 1977 Apr; 39(4 Suppl):1820-6.

[1059] Dickinson LE, Macmahon B, Cole P, Brown JB. Estrogen profiles of Oriental and Caucasian women in Hawaii. N Engl J Med. 1974 Dec 5;291(23):1211-3.
Lawson JS, Field AS, Tran DD, et al. Breast cancer incidence and estrogen receptor alpha in normal mammary tissue–an epi- demiologic study among Japanese women in Japan and Hawaii. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):685-7.

[1060] de Visser SJ, Uchida N, Vliet- Daskalopoulou E, et al. Pharmacokinetic differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects after single and multiple doses of a potential combined oral contraceptive (Org 30659 and EE). Contraception. 2003 Sep;68(3):195-02.
Punnonen R, Lukola A, Kudo R. Cytoplasmic estrogen receptor concentrations in the endometrium of Finnish and Japanese women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.1984 Jul;17(5):321-5.
Moore JW, Clark GM, Takatani O, Wakabayashi Y, Hayward JL, Bulbrook RD. Distribution of 17 beta-estradiol in the sera of normal British and Japanese women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Oct;71(4):749-54.

[1061] Djuric Z, Depper JB, Uhley V, Smith D, Lababidi S, Martino S, Heilbrun LK. Oxidative DNA damage levels in blood from women at high risk for breast cancer are associated with dietary intakes of meats, vegetables, and fruits. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998 May;98(5):524-8.

[1062] Dos Santos SI, Mangtani P, McCormack V, et al. Lifelong vegetarianism and risk of breast cancer: a population-based case-control study among South Asian migrant women living in England. Int J Cancer 2002; 99:238-44.

[1063] Jackson SJ, Singletary KW. Sulforaphane inhibits human MCF-7 mammary cancer cell mitotic progression and tubulin polymerization. J Nutr. 2004;134(9):2229-36.

Ramirez MC, Singletary K. Regulation of estrogen receptor alpha expression in human breast cancer cells by sulforaphane. J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Mar;20(3):195-201.

Marconett CN, Sundar SN, Tseng M, et al. Indole-3-carbinol downregulation of telomerase gene expression requires the inhibition of estrogen receptor-alpha and Sp1 transcription factor interactions within the hTERT promoter and mediates the G1 cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2011 Sep;32(9):1315-23.

[1064] Weng JR, Tsai CH, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Indole-3-carbinol as a chemopreventive and anti-cancer agent. Cancer Lett. 2008 Apr 18;262(2):153-63

Higdon JV, Delage B, Williams DE, Dashwood RH. Cruciferous vegetables and human cancer risk: epidemiologic evidence and mechanistic basis. Pharmacol Res. 2007 Mar;55(3):224-36.

Meng Q, Qi M, Chen DZ, Yuan R, Goldberg ID, Rosen EM, Auborn K, Fan S. Suppression of breast cancer invasion and migration by indole-3-carbinol: associated with up-regulation of BRCA1 and E-cadherin/catenin complexes. J Mol Med. 2000;78(3):155-65.

Fowke JH, Longcope C, Hebert JR. Brassica vegetable consumption shifts estrogen metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Aug;9(8):773-9.

Scholar EM, Wolterman K, Birt DF, Bresnick E. The effect of diets enriched in cabbage and collards on murine pulmonary metastasis. Nutrition & Cancer. 1989;12(2):121-6.

Roy S, Khanna S, Alessio HM, Vider J, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Sen CK. Anti-angiogenic property of edible berries. Free Radic Res. 2002 Sep;36(9):1023-31.

Reinacher-Schick A, Pohl M, Schmiegel W. Drug insight: antiangiogenic therapies for gastrointestinal cancers–focus on monoclonal antibodies. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 May;5(5):250-67.

[1065] Wong, GY., Bradlow, L., Sepkovic, D., Mehl, S., Mailman, J., Osborne, MP.: Dose-ranging study of indole-3 carbinol for breast cancer prevention. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1997 (28-29): 111-16.

Shertzer, HG., Senft, AP.: The micronutriet indole-3-carbinol: implications for disease and chemoprevention. Drug Metabol Drug Interact 2000; 17: 159-88

Michnovicz, JJ: Increased estrogen 2-hydroxylation in obese women using oral indole-3-carbinol. Int J Obes Relat Disord 1998; 22(3): 227-29. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 85

[1066] Rajoria S, Suriano R, Parmar PS, et al. 3,3’-diindolylmethane modulates estrogen metabolism in patients with thyroid proliferative disease: a pilot study. Thyroid. 2011 Mar;21(3):299-304.

Cho HJ, Park SY, Kim EJ, Kim JK, Park JH. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane inhibits prostate cancer development in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate model. Mol Carcinog. 2011 Feb;50(2):100-12.

Sepkovic DW, Raucci L, Stein J, et al. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane increases serum interferon-gamma levels in the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model for cervical cancer. In Vivo. 2012 Mar-Apr;26(2):207-11.

Chen D, Banerjee S, Cui QC, Kong D, Sarkar FH, Dou QP. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM) is associated with human prostate cancer cell death in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47186.

Gao N, Cheng S, Budhraja A, et al. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane exhibits antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo through a Akt-dependent process. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e31783.

Kandala PK, Srivastava SK. Diindolylmethane-mediated Gli1 protein suppression induces anoikis in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and blocks tumor formation ability in vivo. J Biol Chem. 2012 Aug 17;287(34):28745-54.

Kandala PK, Wright SE, Srivastava SK. Blocking epidermal growth factor receptor activation by 3,3’-diindolylmethane suppresses ovarian tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012 Apr;341(1):24-32.

Shorey LE, Hagman AM, Williams DE, Ho E, Dashwood RH, Benninghoff AD. 3,3’-Diindolylmethane induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia cells. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34975.

[1067] Kong D, Heath E, Chen W, et al. Loss of let-7 up-regulates EZH2 in prostate cancer consistent with the acquisition of cancer stem cell signatures that are attenuated by BR-DIM. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33729.

Semov A, Iourtchenco L, Liu LF, et al. Diindolilmethane (DIM) selectively inhibits cancer stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jul 20;424(1):45-51.

[1068] Chen D, Banerjee S, Cui QC, Kong D, Sarkar FH, Dou QP. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM) is associated with human prostate cancer cell death in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47186.

[1069] Telang NT, Katdare M, Bradlow HL, et al. Inhibition of proliferation and modulation of estradiol metabolism: novel mechanisms for breast cancer prevention by the phytochemical indole-3-carbinol. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997 Nov;216(2):246-52.

Higdon JV, Delage B, Williams DE, Dashwood RH. Cruciferous vegetables and human cancer risk: epidemiologic evidence and mechanistic basis. Pharmacol Res. 2007 Mar;55(3):224-36.

Clarke JD, Dashwood RH, Ho E. Multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane.

Cancer Lett. 2008 May 24. [Epub ahead of print]

Dalessandri KM, Firestone GL, Fitch MD, Bradlow HL, Bjeldanes LF. Pilot study: effect of 3,3′-diindolylmethane supplements on urinary hormone metabolites in postmenopausal women with a history of early-stage breast cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2004;50(2):161-7.

[1070] Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

Bradlow HL, Telang NT, Sepkovic DW, Osborne MP. 2-hydroxyestrone: the ‘good’ estrogen. J Endocrinol. 1996 Sep;150 Suppl:S259-65.

Meng Q, Qi M, Chen DZ, et al. Suppression of breast cancer invasion and migration by indole-3-carbinol: associated with up-regulation of BRCA1 and E-cadherin/catenin complexes. J Mol Med. 2000;78(3):155-65.
Bradlow HL, Michnovicz J, Telang NT, et al. Effects of dietary indole-3-carbinol on estradiol metabolism and spontaneous mammary tumors in mice. Carcinogenesis. 1991 Sep;12(9):1571-4.

[1071] Auborn KJ, Fan S, Rosen EM, et al. Indole-3-carbinol is a negative regulator of estrogen. J Nutr. 2003 Jul;133(7 Suppl):2407S-75.

[1072] Michnovicz JJ, Bradlow HL. Altered estrogen metabolism and excretion in humans following consumption of indole-3-carbinol. Nutr Cancer. 1991;16(1):59-66.

[1073] Telang NT, Katdare M, Bradlow HL, et al. Inhibition of proliferation and modulation of estradiol metabolism: novel mechanisms for breast cancer prevention by the phytochemical indole-3-carbinol. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997 Nov;216(2):246-52.
Zhang X, Malejka-Giganti D. Effects of treatment of rats with indole-3-carbinol on apoptosis in the mammary gland and mammary adenocarcinomas. Anticancer Res. 2003 May;23(3B):2473-9.

[1074] http://radiodoktoren.dk

[1075] Life Extension Foundation Magazine, Oct. 1999

How “I3C” blocks Breast Cancer cells. http://www.askdrgarland.com/?p=3083

[1076] Cover CM, Hsieh SJ, Cram EJ, et al. Indole-3-carbinol and tamoxifen cooperate to arrest the cell cycle of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1999 Mar 15;59(6):1244-51

Brandi G, Paiardini M, Cervasi B, et al. A new indole-3-carbinol tetrameric derivative inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 6 expression, and induces G1 cell cycle arrest in both estrogen-dependent and estrogen-independent breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 2003 Jul 15;63(14):4028-36.
Zhang X, Malejka-Giganti D. Effects of treatment of rats with indole-3-carbinol on apoptosis in the mammary gland and mammary adenocarcinomas. Anticancer Res. 2003 May;23(3B):2473-9

[1077] Devanaboyina U. Effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced DNA adducts in rat mammary glands and liver (meeting abstract). Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res.1997(38):2427.

[1078] Taioli E, Garbers S, Bradlow HL, et al. Effects of indole-3-carbinol on the metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Jul;6(7):517-22.

Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of urinary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in humans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

Ambrosone CB, McCann SE, Freudenheim JL, Marshall JR, Zhang Y, Shields PG. Breast cancer risk in premenopausal women is inversely associated with consumption of broccoli, a source of isothiocyanates, but is not modified by GST genotype. J Nutr. 2004 May;134(5):1134-8.

Tomczyk J, Olejnik A. Sulforaphane–a possible agent in prevention and therapy of cancer. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2010 Nov 29;64:590-603.

Kumar A, Sabbioni G. New biomarkers for monitoring the levels of isothiocyanates in humans. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Apr 19;23(4):756-65.

[1079] Wong GY, Bradlow L, Sepkovic D, et al. Dose-ranging study of indole-3-carbinol for breast cancer prevention. J Cell Biochem Suppl. 1997;28-29:111-6.

[1080] Ward, WE., Jiang, FO., Thompson, LU.: Exposure to flaxseed or purified lignan during lactation influences rat mammery gland structures. Nutr Cancer 2000; 37: 187-92

Thompson, LU., Rickard, SE., Orcheson, LJ., Seidl, MM.: Flaxseed and its lignan and oil components reduce mammry tumor growth at a late stage of carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17: 1373-76

Thompson, LU., Seidl, MM., Rickard, SE., Orcheson, LJ., Fong, HH.: Antitumorigenic effect of a mammalian lignan precursor from flaxseed. Nurt Cancer 1996; 26: 159-65. Her i: Michael Murray et al. Op cit. s. 81

[1081] Haggans, CJ., Hutchins, AM., Olson, BA. Et al.: Effect of flaxseed consumption on urinary estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women. Nutr cancer 1999; 33: 188-95.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10368815

[1082] McCarty MF. Isoflavones made simple – genistein’s agonist activity for the beta-type estrogen receptor mediates their health benefits. Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(6):1093-114.

[1083] Hayashi SI, Eguchi H, Tanimoto K, et al. The expression and function of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in human breast cancer and its clinical application. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003 Jun;10(2):193-202.

Darb-Esfahani S, Wirtz RM, Sinn BV, et al. Estrogen receptor 1 mRNA is a prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma: determination by kinetic PCR in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2009 Dec;16(4):1229-39.

Fujimoto J, Sato E. Clinical implication of estrogen-related receptor (ERR) expression in uterine endometrial cancers. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2009 Aug;116(1-2):71-5.

Nussler NC, Reinbacher K, Shanny N, et al. Sex-specific differences in the expression levels of estrogen receptor subtypes in colorectal cancer. Gend Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):209-17.

[1084] McCarty MF. Isoflavones made simple – genistein’s agonist activity for the beta-type estrogen receptor mediates their health benefits. Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(6):1093-114.

Hartman J, Strom A, Gustafsson JA. Estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer—diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Steroids. 2009 Aug;74(8):635-41.

[1085] Hartman J, Strom A, Gustafsson JA. Estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer—diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Steroids. 2009 Aug;74(8):635-41.

[1086] McCarty MF. Isoflavones made simple – genistein’s agonist activity for the beta-type estrogen receptor mediates their health benefits. Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(6):1093-114.

[1087] Hartman J, Strom A, Gustafsson JA. Estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer—diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Steroids. 2009 Aug;74(8):635-41.

[1088] McCarty MF. Isoflavones made simple – genistein’s agonist activity for the beta-type estrogen receptor mediates their health benefits. Med Hypotheses. 2006;66(6):1093-114.

[1089] Mann GE, Rowlands DJ, Li FY, de Winter P, Siow RC. Activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by dietary isoflavones: role of NO in Nrf2-mediated antioxidant gene expression. Cardiovasc Res. 2007 Jul 15;75(2):261-74.

Larkin T, Price WE, Astheimer L. The key importance of soy isoflavone bioavailability to understanding health benefits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2008 Jun;48(6):538-52.

Mateos-Aparicio I, Redondo Cuenca A, Villanueva-Suarez MJ, Zapata-Revilla MA. Soybean, a promising health source. Nutr Hosp. 2008 Jul-Aug;23(4):305-12.

[1090] Xiao CW. Health effects of soy protein and isoflavones in humans. J Nutr. 2008 Jun;138(6):1244S-9S.

Cederroth CR, Nef S. Soy, phytoestrogens and metabolism: A review. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009 May 25;304(1-2):30-42.

Ishimi Y. Soybean isoflavones in bone health. Forum Nutr. 2009;61:104-16.

[1091] Lu LJ, Cree M, Josyula S, Nagamani M, Grady JJ, Anderson KE. Increased urinary excretion of 2-hydroxyestrone but not 16alpha-hydroxyestrone in premenopausal women during a soya diet containing isoflavones. Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1299-05.

[1092] Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Inaba S, Kawakami N, Shimizu H. Effect of soymilk consumption on serum estrogen concentrations in premenopausal Japanese women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998 Dec 2;90(23):1830-5.
Lu LJ, Anderson KE, Grady JJ, Nagamani M. Effects of an isoflavone-free soy diet on ovarian hormones in premenopausal women. J Clin Encodrinol Metab. 2001 Jul;86(7):3045-52.

[1093] Zhou JR, Yu L, Mai Z, Blackburn GL. Combined inhibition of estrogen dependent human breast carcinoma by soy and tea bioactive components in mice. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jan 1;108(1):8-14.

[1094] Kumar NB, Cantor A, Allen K, Riccardi D, Cox CE. The specific role of isoflavones on estrogen metabolism in premenopausal women. Cancer. 2002 Feb 15;94(4):1166-74.

[1095] Peterson G, Barnes S. Genistein inhibits both estrogen and growth factor-stimulated proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Cell Growth Differ. 1996 Oct;7(10):1345-51.

[1096] Wood CE, Register TC, Anthony MS, Kock ND, Cline JM. Breast and uterine effects of soy isoflavones and conjugated equine estro- gens in postmenopausal female monkeys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jul;89(7):3462- 8.

[1097] Inano H, Onoda M, Inafuku N, et al. Chemoprevention by curcumin during the promotion stage of tumorigenesis of mammary gland in rats irradiated with gamma-rays. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Jun;20(6):1011-8.

[1098] Verma SP, Goldin BR, Lin PS. The inhibition of the estrogenic effects of pesticides and environmental chemicals by curcumin and isoflavonoids. Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Dec;106(12):807-12.

[1099] Ciolino HP, Daschner PJ, Wang TT, et al. Effect of curcumin on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and cytochrome P450 1A1 in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1998 Jul 15;56(2):197-206

[1100] Verma SP, Goldin BR, Lin PS. The inhibition of the estrogenic effects of pesticides and environmental chemicals by curcumin and isoflavonoids. Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Dec;106(12):807-12

[1101] Brzezinski A. Melatonin in humans. N Engl J Med. 1997 Jan 16;336(3):186-95.

Oosthuizen JM, Bornman MS, Barnard HC, et al. Melatonin and steroid-dependent carcinomas. Andrologia. 1989 Sep;21(5):429-31.

[1102] Holdaway IM, Mason BH, Gibbs EE, et al. Seasonal variation in the secretion of mammotrophic hormones in normal women and women with previous breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997 Jan;42(1):15-22.

[1103] Kliukiene J, Tynes T, Andersen A. Risk of breast cancer among Norwegian women with visual impairment. Br J Cancer. 2001 Feb 2;84(3):397-9.

Girgert R, Bartsch C, Hill SM, Kreienberg R, Hanf V. Tracking the elusive antiestrogenic effect of melatonin: a new methodological approach. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003 Dec;24(6):440-4.
Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Cos S, Fernandez R, et al. Melatonin and mammary cancer: a short review. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2003 Jun;10(2):153-9.

[1104] Girgert R, Bartsch C, Hill SM, Kreienberg R, Hanf V. Tracking the elusive antiestrogenic effect of melatonin: a new methodological approach. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003 Dec;24(6):440-4.
Rato AG, Pedrero AG, Martinez MA, del Rio B, Lazo PS, Ramos S. Melatonin blocks the activation of estrogen receptor for DNA binding. FASEB J. 1999 May;13(8):857-68.
Luboshitzky R, Here P, Shen-Orr Z. Urinary 6-sulfaoxymelatonin excretion in hyperan drogenic women: the effect of cyproterone acetate-ethinyl estradiol treatment. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004 Feb;112(2):102-7.

Travis RC, Allen DS, Fentiman IS, Key TJ. Melatonin and breast cancer: a prospective study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Mar 17;96(6):475-82.

[1105] Anisimov VN, Alimova IN, Baturin DA, et al. The effect of melatonin treatment regimen on mammary adenocarcinoma development in HER-2/neu transgenic mice. Int J Cancer. 2003 Jan 20;103(3):300-5.De Jonage-Canonico MB, Lenoir V, Martin A, Scholler R, Kerdelhue B. Long term inhibition by estradiol or progesterone of mela- tonin secretion after administration of a mammary carcinogen, the dimethyl benz(a)anthracene, in Sprague-Dawley female rat; inhibitory effect of melatonin on mammary carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Jun;79(3):365-77.

[1106] Tan DX, Manchester LC, Reiter RJ, Qi WB, Karbownik M, Calvo JR. Significance of melatonin in antioxidative defense system: reactions and products. Biol Signals Recept. 2000 May;9(3-4):137-59.

[1107] Chuang YY, Chen Y, Gadisetti, et al. Gene expression after treatment with hydrogen-peroxide, menadione, or t-butyl hydroperoxide in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2002 Nov 1;62(21):6246-54.

[1108] Torres-Farfan C, Richter HG, Rojas-Garcia P, et al. Mt1 melatonin receptor in the primate adrenal gland: inhibition of adrenocorti-cotropin-stimulated cortisol production by melatonin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jan;88(1):450-8.
Cagnacci A, Soldani R, Yen SS. Melatonin enhances cortisol levels in aged but not young women. Eur J Endocrinol. 1995 Dec;133(6):691-5.

[1109] Stewart DE, Cheung AM, Duff S, et al. Attributions of cause and recurrence in long-term breast cancer survivors. Psychooncology. 2001 Mar;10(2):179-83.

[1110] Pawlikowski M, Kolomecka M, Wojtczak A, Karasek M. Effects of six months melatonin treatment on sleep quality and serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and somatomedin C in elderly women. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Ap

[1111] J Med Food. 2005;8(4):469-75.

[1112] Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Feb;71(3):203-17.

[1113] Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004 Aug;13(4):345-8.

[1114] http://www.dbio.dk/fag-og-viden/fagbladet-Danske-Bioanalytikere/fagligeartikler/Documents/2011/Biologisk%20sladrehank%20tager%20kampen%20op%20mod%20metastatisk%20brystkr%C3%A6ft%20-%20Faglig%20artikel%20-Blad%20nr.%204%20-%20side%2014%20-17.pdf

[1115] http://www.lef.org//Protocols/Cancer/Breast-Cancer/Page-13

[1116] Yee LD, Young DC, Rosol TJ, Vanbuskirk AM, Clinton SK. Dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit HER-2/neu-induced breast cancer in mice independently of the PPARgamma ligand rosiglitazone. J Nutr. 2005 May;135(5):983-8.

[1117] Moiseeva EP, Heukers R, Manson MM. EGFR and Src are involved in indole-3-carbinol-induced death and cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2007 Feb;28(2):435-45.

[1118] Proietti S, Cucina A, D’Anselmi F, et al. Melatonin and vitamin D3 synergistically down-regulate Akt and MDM2 leading to TGFbeta-1-dependent growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. J Pineal Res. 2011 Mar;50(2):150-8.

[1119] Kim S, Han J, Kim JS, et al. Silibinin suppresses EGFR ligand-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of EGFR activity in breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2011 Nov;31(11):3767-73.

[1120] Eddy SF, Kane SE, Sonenshein GE. Trastuzumab-resistant HER2-driven breast cancer cells are sensitive to epigallocatechin-3 gallate. Cancer Res. 2007 Oct 1;67(19):9018-23.

Shimizu M, Deguchi A, Joe AK, Mckoy JF, Moriwaki H, Weinstein IB. EGCG inhibits activation of HER3 and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human colon cancer cells. J Exp Ther Oncol. 2005;5(1):69-78.

Masuda M, Suzui M, Lim JT, Weinstein IB. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits activation of HER-2/neu and downstream signaling pathways in human head and neck and breast carcinoma cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Aug 15;9(9):3486-91.

[1121] Menendez JA, Vellon L, Colomer R, Lupu R. Oleic acid, the main monounsaturated fatty acid of olive oil, suppresses Her-2/neu (erbB-2) expression and synergistically enhances the growth inhibitory effects of trastuzumab (Herceptin) in breast cancer cells with Her-2/neu oncogene amplification. Ann Oncol. 2005 Mar;16(3):359-71.

[1122] Sakla MS, Shenouda NS, Ansell PJ, Macdonald RS, Lubahn DB. Genistein affects HER2 protein concentration, activation, and promoter regulation in BT-474 human breast cancer cells. Endocrine. 2007 Aug;32(1):69-78.

[1123] . Choi EJ, Kim GH. Apigenin causes G(2)/M arrest associated with the modulation of p21(Cip1) and Cdc2 and activates p53-dependent apoptosis pathway in human breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells. J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Apr;20(4):285-90.

Choi EJ, Kim GH. Apigenin Induces Apoptosis through a Mitochondria/Caspase-Pathway in Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-453 Cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2009 May;44(3):260-5.

Seo HS, Choi HS, Kim SR, et al. Apigenin induces apoptosis via extrinsic pathway, inducing p53 and inhibiting STAT3 and NFkappaB signaling in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2012 Jul;366(1-2):319-34.

Chen D, Landis-Piwowar KR, Chen MS, et al. Inhibition of proteasome activity by the dietary flavonoid apigenin is associated with growth inhibition in cultured breast cancer cells and xenografts. Breast Cancer Res. 2007a;9(6):R80.

[1124] Budhraja A, Gao N, Zhang Z, et al. Apigenin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells and exhibits anti-leukemic activity in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther. 2012 Jan;11(1):132-42.

He J, Xu Q, Wang M, et al. Oral Administration of apigenin inhibits metastasis through AKT/P70S6K1/MMP-9 pathway in orthotopic ovarian tumor model. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(6):7271-82.

King JC, Lu QY, Li G, et al. Evidence for activation of mutated p53 by apigenin in human pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Feb;1823(2):593-604.

Mafuvadze B, Liang Y, Besch-Williford C, Zhang X, Hyder SM. Apigenin induces apoptosis and blocks growth of medroxyprogesterone acetate-dependent BT-474 xenograft tumors. Horm Cancer. 2012 Aug;3(4):160-71.

[1125] Cohen, Pinchas, et al. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF receptors, and IGF-binding proteins in primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 73, No. 2, 1991, pp. 401-07

Rosenfeld, R.G., et al. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in neoplasia (meeting abstract). Hormones and Growth Factors in Development and Neoplasia, Fogarty International Conference, June 26-28, 1995, Bethesda, MD, 1995, p. 24

Lippman, Marc E. The development of biological therapies for breast cancer. Science, Vol. 259, January 29, 1993, pp. 631-32

Papa, Vincenzo, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptors are overexpressed and predict a low risk in human breast cancer. Cancer Research, Vol. 53, 1993, pp. 3736-40

Stoll, B.A. Breast cancer: further metabolic-endocrine risk markers? British Journal of Cancer, Vol. 76, No. 12, 1997, pp. 1652-54

[1126] LeRoith, Derek, et al. The role of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor in cancer. Annals New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 766, September 7, 1995, pp. 402-08
Mantzoros, C.S., et al. Insulin-like growth factor 1 in relation to prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. British Journal of Cancer, Vol. 76, No. 9, 1997, pp. 1115-18

Cascinu, S., et al. Inhibition of tumor cell kinetics and serum insulin growth factor I levels by octreotide in colorectal cancer patients. Gastroenterology, Vol. 113, September 1997, pp. 767-72

http://www.komaelk.dk/vaeksthormon.html#c2150

[1127] Furstenberger G. Senn HJ. Insulin-like growth factors and cancer. Lancet Oncology. 2002; 3(5):298-302.

Boyd DB. Insulin and cancer. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Dec;2(4):315-29.

Tang HB, Ren YP, Zhang J, Ma SH, Gao F, Wu YP. [Correlation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to angiogenesis of breast cancer in IGF-1-deficient mice] Ai Zheng. 2007 Nov;26(11):1215-20.

Gennigens C, Menetrier-Caux C, Droz JP. Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) family and prostate cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2006 May;58(2):124-45.

Scotlandi K, Picci P. Targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in sarcomas. Curr Opin Oncol. 2008 Jul;20(4):419-27.

[1128] Schwarz S, Obermüller-Jevic UC, Hellmis E, Koch W, Jacobi G, Biesalski HK.

Lycopene inhibits disease progression in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia.

J Nutr. 2008 Jan;138(1):49-53.

Walfisch S, Walfisch Y, Kirilov E, Linde N, Mnitentag H, Agbaria R, Sharoni Y, Levy J.

Tomato lycopene extract supplementation decreases insulin-like growth factor-I levels in colon cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Aug;16(4):298-303.

Wang S, DeGroff VL, Clinton SK. Tomato and soy polyphenols reduce insulin-like growth factor-I-stimulated rat prostate cancer cell proliferation and apoptotic resistance in vitro via inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways involving tyrosine kinase. J Nutr. 2003 Jul;133(7):2367-76.

Phan TT, See P, Tran E, Nguyen TT, Chan SY, Lee ST, Huynh H. Suppression of insulin-like growth factor signalling pathway and collagen expression in keloid-derived fibroblasts by quercetin: its therapeutic potential use in the treatment and/or prevention of keloids. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Mar;148(3):544-52.

[1129] Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev . 2014 Jul;23(7):1273-9.

[1130] Chen J, Stavro PM, Thompson LU. Dietary flaxseed inhibits human breast cancer growth and metastasis and downregulates expression of insulin-like growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor. Nutr Cancer. 2002;43(2):187-92.

[1131] D’Avanzo B. Nanni O. La Vecchia C. Franceschi S. Negri E. Giacosa A. Conti E. Montella M. Talamini R. Decarli A. Physical activity and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 1996;5(3):155-60

Bernstein L. Henderson BE. Hanisch R. Sullivan-Halley J. Ross RK. Physical exercise and reduced risk of breast cancer in young women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1994;86(18):1403-8

[1132] Fairey AS, Courneya KS, Field CJ, Bell GJ, Jones LW, Mackey JR. Effects of exercise training on fasting insulin, insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factors, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003; 12(8):721-7.

Bang P. Brandt J. Degerblad M. Enberg G. Kaijser L. Thoren M. Hall K. Exercise-induced changes in insulin-like growth factors and their low molecular weight binding protein in healthy subjects and patients with growth hormone deficiency. European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 20(3):285-92, 1990

Chadan SG. Dill RP. Vanderhoek K. Parkhouse WS. Influence of physical activity on plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in healthy older women. Mechanisms of Ageing & Development. 109(1):21-34, 1999

Hellenius ML. Brismar KE. Berglund BH. de Faire UH. Effects on glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, insulin-like growth factor 1 and its binding protein, IGFBP-1, in a randomized controlled diet and exercise study in healthy, middle-aged men. Journal of Internal Medicine. 238(2):121-30, 1995

McCarty MF. Up-regulation of IGF binding protein-1 as an anticarcinogenic strategy: relevance to caloric restriction, exercise, and insulin sensitivity. Medical Hypotheses. 48(4):297-308, 1997.

[1133] http://www.dbio.dk/fag-og-viden/fagbladet-Danske-Bioanalytikere/fagligeartikler/Documents/2011/Biologisk%20sladrehank%20tager%20kampen%20op%20mod%20metastatisk%20brystkr%C3%A6ft%20-%20Faglig%20artikel%20-Blad%20nr.%204%20-%20side%2014%20-17.pdf

[1134] Chen A, Xu J, Johnson AC. Curcumin inhibits human colon cancer cell growth by suppressing gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptor through reducing the activity of the transcription factor Egr-1. Oncogene. 2006 Jan 12;25(2):278-87.

Stewart JR, Artime MC, O’Brian CA. Resveratrol: a candidate nutritional substance for prostate cancer prevention. J Nutr. 2003 Jul;133(7 Suppl):2440S-2443S.

Tyagi A, Agarwal R, Agarwal C. Grape seed extract inhibits EGF-induced and constitutively active mitogenic signaling but activates JNK in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells: possible role in antiproliferation and apoptosis. Oncogene. 2003 Mar 6;22(9):1302-16.

[1135] Arbiser JL, Klauber N, Rohan R, et al. Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mol Med. 1998 Jun;4(6):376-83.

Seol DW, Chen Q, Zarnegar R. Transcriptional activation of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-met) gene by its ligand (hepatocyte growth factor) is mediated through AP-1. Oncogene. 2000 Feb 24;19(9):1132-7.

[1136] Bhatia N, Agarwal R. Detrimental effect of cancer preventive phytochemicals silymarin, genistein and epigallocatechin 3-gallate on epigenetic events in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. Prostate. 2001 Feb 1;46(2):98-107.

[1137] Mukhopadhyay D, Tsiokas L, Zhou XM, et al. Hypoxic induction of human vascular endothelial growth factor expression through c-Src activation. Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):577-81.

[1138] Cos S, Fernandez R, Guezmes A, et al. Influence of melatonin on invasive and metastatic properties of MCF-7human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1998 Oct 1;58(19):4383-90.
Torres-Farfan C, Richter HG, Rojas-Garcia P, et al. mt1 Melatonin receptor in the primate adrenal gland: inhibition of adrenocorticotropin-stimulated cortisol production by melatonin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jan;88(1):450-8.
Blask DE, Sauer LA, Dauchy RT. Melatonin as a chronobiotic/anticancer agent: cellular, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of action and their implications for circadian-based cancer therapy. Curr Top Med Chem. 2002 Feb;2(2):113-32.

[1139] http://www.cancer.dk

Global surveillance of cancer survival 1995—2009: analysis of individual data for 25 676 887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 countries (CONCORD-2). http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)62038-9/fulltext#

[1140] Keith I. Block 2009

[1141] http://www.lef.org/whatshot/2011_01.htm#Berries-benefit-blood-pressure

[1142] Shults CW, Oakes D, Kieburtz K,et al. Effects of coenzyme Q10 in early Parkinson disease: evidence of slowing of the functional decline. Arch Neurol. 2002 Oct;59(10):1541-50.

[1142] Lund EL, Quistorff B, et al. Effect of radiation therapy on small-cell lung cancer is reduced by ubiquinone intake. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1998;43(5):505-6.

[1143] Kan findes på http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cancernet/600916.htm. November 2005

[1144] Iarussi D, Auricchio U, Agretto A, et al. Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on anthracyclines cardiotoxicity: control study in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppls207-12.

Kawase I, Niitani H, Saijo N, Sasaki H, Morita T. Enhancing effect of coenzyme, Q10 on immunorestoration with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in tumor-bearing mice. Gann. 1978 Aug;69(4):493-7.

Folkers K, Wolaniuk A. Research on coenzyme Q10 in clinical medicine and in immunomodulation. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1985;11(8):539-45.

Folkers K, Morita M, McRee J, Jr. The activities of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin B6 for immune responses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 May 28;193(1):88-92.

Folkers K, Hanioka T, Xia LJ, McRee JT, Jr., Langsjoen P. Coenzyme Q10 increases T4/T8 ratios of lymphocytes in ordinary subjects and relevance to patients having the AIDS related complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Apr 30;176(2):786-91.

Barbieri B, Lund B, Lundstrom B, Scaglione F. Coenzyme Q10 administration increases antibody titer in hepatitis B vaccinated volunteers—a single blind placebo-controlled and randomized clinical study. Biofactors. 1999;9(2-4):351-7.

Cortes EP, Gupta M, Chou C, Amin VC, Folkers K. Adriamycin cardiotoxicity: early detection by systolic time interval and possible prevention by coenzyme Q10. Cancer Treat Rep. 1978 Jun;62(6):887-91.

Conklin KA. Coenzyme q10 for prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Integr Cancer Ther. 2005 Jun;4(2):110-30.

Samson KJ. Innovative research and applications for CoQ10. Life Extension. August, 2004: 46-55.

[1145] Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Folkers K. Partial and complete regression of breast cancer in patients in relation to dosage of coenzyme Q10. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 30;199(3):1504-8.

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Yamamoto T, Folkers K. Progress on therapy of breast cancer with vitamin Q10 and the regression of metastases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Jul 6;212(1):172-7.

http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cancernet/600916.htm. November 11, 2005.

http://www.cancer.gov

[1146] Lockwood, K. et al.: Partial and complete regression of breast cancer in patients in relation to dosage of Coenzyme Q10. biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994 Mar 30; 199(3):1504-8

Lockwood K, Moesgaard S, Hanioka T, et al. Apparent partial remission of breast cancer in ‘high risk’ patients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants, essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:s231-s240.

Lockwood, K. et al.: Progress on therapy of breast cancer with vitamin Q10 and the regression of metastasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995 Jul 6; 212(1):172-7. Her i: Ralph W. Moss 2000.

[1147] Chopra, RK. Et al.: Relative bioavailability of coenzyme Q10 formulations in human subjects. Int Vitam Nutr Res 1998; 68(2): 109-13. Her i: Ralph W. Moss 2000.

[1148]http://www.cancer.dk/ 09-05-2014

[1149] American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 30. maj 2012

[1150] Ugeskrift for læger 25-03-201. www.cancer.dk

[1151] Chakravarthy MV, Joyner MJ, et al. An obligation for primary care physicians to prescribe physical activity to sedentary patients to reduce the risk of chronic health conditions. Mayo Proc. 2002 Feb;77(2):109–13.

[1152] Goldney RD, Phillips PJ, et al. Diabetes, depression, and quality of life. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1066–70.
Vitartaite A, Vainoras V, et al. The influence of aerobic exercise to cardiovascular functional parameters to 30–40 year old women. Medicina. 2004;40:451–8.
Babyak M, Blumenthal JA, et al. Exercise treatment for major depression: Maintenance of therapeutic benefit at 10 months. Psychosom Med. 2000;62:633–8.
Suh MR, Jung HH, et al. Effect of regular exercise on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Renal Failure. 2002;24:337–45.
Church TS, Cheng YJ, et al. Exercise capacity and body composition as predictors of mortality among men with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:83–8.
Short KR, Vittone JL, et al. Impact of aerobic exercise training on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity and muscle oxidative capacity. Diabetes. 2003;52:1888–96.
American Diabetes Association. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:S73–S77.
McFarlin BK, Flynn MG, et al. TLR4 is lower in resistance-trained older women and related to inflammatory cytokines. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Nov;36(11):1876–83.

[1153] Elavsky S, McAuley E, et al. Physical activity enhances long-term quality of life in older adults: Efficacy, esteem, and affective influences. Ann Behav Med. 2005 Oct;30(2):138–45.
Schechtman KB, Ory MG. The effects of exercise on quality of life of older adults: A preplanned meta-analysis of the FICSIT trials. Ann Behav Med. 2001 summer; 23(3):186–97.

[1154] JAMA 2005; 293: 2479-96. http://radiodoktoren.dk/radiodoktoren/2005/06/15/brystkr%c3%a6ft-og-motion

[1155] Nichols HB, Trentham-Dietz A, Newcomb PA, Titus-Ernstoff L, Holick CN, Egan KM. Post-diagnosis weight change, body mass index, and breast cancer survival. Presented at 6^th Annual Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research, December 7, 2007. Abstract B95.

[1156] http://www.getholistichealth.com/41065/the-american-cancer-society-admitted-that-untreated-cancers-often-go-away-naturally/

[1157] Moss RW. Should patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy be prescribed antioxidants? Integr Cancer Ther. 2006 Mar;5(1):63-82.

[1158] Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Augmented efficacy of tamoxifen in rat breast tumorigenesis when gavaged along with riboflavin, niacin, and CoQ10: effects on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact. 2005 Feb 28;152(1):49-58.

[1159] Usharani K, Roy RK et al. Nutritional status of cancer patients given different treatment modalities. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2004 Aug;55(5):363-9.

[1160] Guo Y, Palmer JL et al. Nutritional status of cancer patients and its relationship to function in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. Support Care Cancer. 2005 Mar;13(3):169-75.

[1161] Colasanto JM, Prasad P et al. Nutritional support of patients undergoing radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Oncology (Huntingt). 2005 Mar;19(3):371-9.

[1162] Hyltander A, Bosaeus I et al. Supportive nutrition on recovery of metabolism, nutritional state, health-related quality of life, and exercise capacity after major surgery: a randomized study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May;3(5):466-74.

[1163] Chen DW, Wei Fei Z, et al. Role of enteral immunonutrition in patients with gastric carcinoma undergoing major surgery. Asian J Surg. 2005a Apr;28(2):121–4.

Grimble RF. Immunonutrition. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2005 Mar;21(2):216–22.

[1164] Matsuda A, Furukawa K, et al. Preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplementation corrects TH1/TH2 imbalance in patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006 Apr;49(4):507–16.

[1165] Fukushima R, Inaba T, et al. [Perioperative nosocomial infection preventive measures]. Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi. 2004 Nov;105(11):696–701.

Moskovitz DN, Kim YI. Does perioperative immunonutrition reduce postoperative complications in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing operations? Nutr Rev. 2004 Nov;62(11):443–7.

Braga M, Gianotti L. Preoperative immunonutrition: Cost-benefit analysis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2005 Jan;29(1 Suppl):S57–S61.

[1166] Farreras N, Artigas V, et al. Effect of early postoperative enteral immunonutrition on wound healing in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer. Clin Nutr. 2005 Feb;24(1):55–65.

[1167] Ellis LM, Copeland EM, III, et al. Perioperative nutritional support. Surg Clin North Am. 1991 Jun;71(3):493–507.

[1168] Grimble RF. Immunonutrition. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2005 Mar;21(2):216–22.

[1169] Salganik RI. The benefits and hazards of antioxidants: controlling apoptosis and other protective mechanisms in cancer patients and the human population. J Am Coll Nutr. 2001;20(5 Suppl):464S-72S. 5

[1170] Block KI. Antioxidants and cancer therapy: furthering the debate. Integr Cancer Ther. 2004;3(4):342-8.

Moss RW. Should patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy be prescribed antioxidants? Integr Cancer Ther. 2006 Mar;5(1):63-82.

[1171] Somasundaram S, Edmund NA, Moore DT, et al. Dietary curcumin inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in models of human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2002 Jul 1;62(13):3868-75.

Calder PC. n-3 fatty acids, inflammation, and immunity: Relevance to postsurgical and critically ill patients. Lipids. 2004 Dec;39(12):1147–61

[1172] Sabitha KE, Shyamaladevi CS. Oxidant and antioxidant activity changes in patients with oral cancer and treated with radiotherapy. Oral Oncology. 1999;35(3):273-7. 5

[1173] Prasad KN, Cole WC, et al. Pros and cons of antioxidant use during radiation therapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 2002;28(2):79-91. 5

[1174] Seifried HE, McDonald SS, et al. The antioxidant conundrum in cancer. Cancer Res. 2003;63(15):4295-8. 5

[1175] Tajima M. [Chronic cardiotoxicity of anthracycline derivatives and possible prevention by coenzyme Q10]. Gan No Rinsho. 1984 Jul;30(9 Suppl):1211-6.

Mortensen SA, Aabo K, Jonsson T, et al. Clinical and non-invasive assessment of anthracycline cardiotoxicity: perspectives on myocardial protection. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1986;6(2):137-50.

Iarussi D, Auricchio U, Agretto A, et al. Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on anthracyclines cardiotoxicity: control study in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:s207-s212.

De Flora S, D’Agostini F, Masiello L, et al. Synergism between N-acetylcysteine and doxorubicin in the prevention of tumorigenicity and metastasis in murine models. Int J Cancer. 1996 Sep 17;67(6):842-8.

D’Agostini F, Bagnasco M, Giunciuglio D, et al. Inhibition by oral N-acetylcysteine of doxorubicin-induced clastogenicity and alopecia, and prevention of primary tumors and lung micrometastases in mice. Int J Oncol. 1998 Aug;13(2):217-24.

Schmidinger M, Budinsky AC, Wenzel C, et al. Glutathione in the prevention of cisplatin induced toxicities. A prospectively randomized pilot trial in patients with head and neck cancer and non small cell lung cancer. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2000 Jul 28;112(14):617-23.

Agha AM, El Fattah AA, Al Zuhair HH, et al. Chemopreventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract against benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in mice: amelioration of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Mar;20(1):39-50.

Prasad KN, Cole WC, Kumar B, et al. Scientific rationale for using high-dose multiple micronutrients as an adjunct to standard and experimental cancer therapies. J Am Coll Nutr. 2001 Oct;20(5 Suppl):450S-63S.

Blasiak J, Gloc E, Wozniak K, et al. Genotoxicity of idarubicin and its modulation by vitamins C and E and amifostine. Chem Biol Interact. 2002 Apr 20;140(1):1-18.

[1176] D’Andrea GM.Use of antioxidants during chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be avoided. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Sep-Oct;55(5):319-21. Review.
Labriola D, Livingston R. Possible interactions between dietary antioxidants and chemotherapy. Oncology (Williston Park). 1999 Jul;13(7):1003-8.

[1177] Mehta MP. Protection of normal tissues from the cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy: focus on amifostine. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1998 Oct;8(4 Suppl 1):14-6.
Schwartz GN, Pendyala L et al. The clinical development of paclitaxel and the paclitaxel/carboplatin combination. Eur J Cancer. 1998 Sep;34(10):1543-8.

[1178] Olver I, Keefe D et al. A phase I study of prolonged ambulatory infusion of Ifosfamide with oral mesna. Chemotherapy. 2005 May;51(2-3):142-6.

[1179] http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/what-is-chemotherapy/chemoprotective-agents.aspx#.VQFcfGB0zAU

[1180] Mehta MP. Protection of normal tissues from the cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy: focus on amifostine. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1998 Oct;8(4 Suppl 1):14-6.
Spencer A, Horvath N et al. Prospective randomised trial of amifostine cytoprotection in myeloma patients undergoing high-dose melphalan conditioned autologous stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2005 May;35(10):971-7.

[1181] Antman K, Crowley J et al. An intergroup phase III randomized study of doxorubicin and dacarbazine with or without ifosfamide and mesna in advanced soft tissue and bone sarcomas. J Clin Oncol. 1993 Jul;11(7):1276-85.
Komaki R, Lee JS et al. Randomized phase III study of chemoradiation with or without amifostine for patients with favorable performance status inoperable stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer: preliminary results. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2002 Jan;12(1 Suppl 1):46-9.

Schuchter LM, Hensley ML, et al. 2002 update of recommendations for the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protectants: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20(12):2895-903.

[1182] Barber MD. Cancer cachexia and its treatment with fish-oil-enriched nutritional supplementation. Nutrition. 2001 Sep;17(9):751-5.
Barber MD, Fearon KC et al. Effect of a fish oil-enriched nutritional supplement on metabolic mediators in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):118-24.
Brown TT, Zelnik DL et al. Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients. Int J Gastrointest Cancer. 2003;34(2-3):143 50

[1183] Mehta MP. Protection of normal tissues from the cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy: focus on amifostine. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1998 Oct;8(4 Suppl 1):14-6.
Olver I, Keefe D et al. A phase I study of prolonged ambulatory infusion of Ifosfamide with oral mesna. Chemotherapy. 2005 May;51(2-3):142-6.

[1184] Fleischauer AT, Simonsen N et al. Antioxidant supplements and risk of breast cancer recurrence and breast cancer-related mortality among postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2003;46(1):15-22.
Malmberg KJ, Lenkei R et al. A short-term dietary supplementation of high doses of vitamin E increases T helper 1 cytokine production in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jun;8(6):1772-8.
Park CH. Vitamin C in leukemia and preleukemia cell growth. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1988;259:321-30.
Prasad KN, Kumar R. Effect of individual and multiple antioxidant vitamins on growth and morphology of human nontumorigenic and tumorigenic parotid acinar cells in culture. Nutr Cancer. 1996;26(1):11-9

[1185] Fleischauer AT, Simonsen N et al. Antioxidant supplements and risk of breast cancer recurrence and breast cancer-related mortality among postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2003;46(1):15-22.

[1186] Blaylock, Russell: Natural Strategies for Cancer Patients. Kensington Publishing Corp. 2003

[1187] Simone II, Charles B. et al.: Antioxidants and other nutrients do not interfere with chemotherapy or radiation and can increase kill and increase survival. Part 1 and 2. http://www.drsimone.com/SimoneVitWithChemo.pdf

Lockwood, K. et al.: Apparant partial remission of breast cancer in ”high risk” pataients supplemented with nutritional antioxidants, essential fatty acids and coen zyme Q10. mol Aspects Med 1994; 15 Suppl: 231-240. http://www.drsimone.com/SimoneVitWithChemo.pdf

[1188] Kaminski BM, Weigert A, Brüne B, et al. Sulforaphane potentiates oxaliplatin-induced cell growth inhibition in colorectal cancer cells via induction of different modes of cell death. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 May;67(5):1167-78.

Kotowski U, Heiduschka G, Brunner M, et al. Radiosensitization of head and neck cancer cells by the phytochemical agent sulforaphane. Strahlenther Onkol. 2011 Sep;187(9):575-80.

[1189] Patrick Mannal, Debbie McDonald, David McFadden: Pterostilbene and tamoxifen show an additive effect against breast cancer in vitro. Am J Surg. 2010 Nov;200(5):577-80. PMID: 21056131 http://www.greenmedinfo.com

[1190] Sarkar FH, Li Y. Cell signaling pathways altered by natural chemopreventive agents. Mutat Res. 2004;555(1-2):53-64.

[1191] Yashar CM, Spanos WJ, et al. Potentiation of the radiation effect with genistein in cervical cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol. 2005 Oct;99(1):199-205.

[1192] Lattrich C, Lubig J, Springwald A, et al. Additive effects of trastuzumab and genistein on human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs. 2010 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print]

[1193] Mai Z, Blackburn GL, Zhou JR. Genistein sensitizes inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on the growth of estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-overexpressing human breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog. 2007;46(7):534-542.

[1194] Constantinou AI, White BE, Tonetti D, et al. The soy isoflavone daidzein improves the capacity of tamoxifen to prevent mammary tumours. Eur J Cancer. 2005 Mar;41(4):647-54.

Simmen RC, Eason RR, Till SR, et al. Inhibition of NMU-induced mammary tumorigenesis by dietary soy. Cancer Lett. 2005 Jun 16;224(1):45-52.
Sarkar FH, Adsule S, Padhye S, Kulkarni S, Li Y. The role of genistein and synthetic derivatives of isoflavone in cancer prevention and therapy. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2006 Apr;6(4):401-7.

[1195] GreenMedInfo.com, Curcumin Kills Drug Resistant Cancers, 54 Abstracts

Ravindran J, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin and cancer cells: how many ways can curry kill tumor cells selectively? AAPS J. 2009 Sep;11(3):495-510.

GreenMedInfo.com, Curcumin Kills Multi-Drug Resistant Cancers: 27 Abstracts

Khafif A, Hurst R. et al. Curcumin: a new radio-sensitizer of squamous cell carcinoma cells. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005 Feb;132(2):317-21. 5

Khafif A, Hurst R. et al. Curcumin: a new radio-sensitizer of squamous cell carcinoma cells. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005 Feb;132(2):317-21.

[1196] Somasundaram S, Edmund NA, Moore DT, et al. Dietary curcumin inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in models of human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2002 Jul 1;62(13):3868-75.

[1197] Scambia G, Ranelletti FO, Panici PB, et al. Quercetin potentiates the effect of adriamycin in a multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast-cancer cell line: P-glycoprotein as a possible target. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1994;34(6):459-64.

Staedler D, Idrizi E, Kenzaoui BH, et al. Drug combinations with quercetin: doxorubicin plus quercetin in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;68(5):1161-72.

Hofmann J, Doppler W, Jakob A, et al. Enhancement of the antiproliferative effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and nitrogen mustard by inhibitors of protein kinase C. Int J Cancer. 1988 Sep;42(3):382-8.

Hofmann J, Fiebig HH, Winterhalter BR, et al. Enhancement of the antiproliferative activity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) by quercetin. Int J Cancer. 1990 Mar 15;45(3):536-9.

Du G, Lin H, Wang M, et al. Quercetin greatly improved therapeutic index of doxorubicin against 4T1 breast cancer by its opposing effects on HIF-1α in tumor and normal cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010a Jan;65(2):277-87.

[1198] Li SZ, Li K, Zhang JH, et al. The Effect of Quercetin On Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012 Jun 18.

[1199] Du G, Lin H, Yang Y, et al. Dietary quercetin combining intratumoral doxorubicin injection synergistically induces rejection of established breast cancer in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010b Jul;10(7):819-26.

[1200] Staedler D, Idrizi E, Kenzaoui BH, et al. Drug combinations with quercetin: doxorubicin plus quercetin in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;68(5):1161-72.

[1201] Hofmann J, Doppler W, Jakob A, et al. Enhancement of the antiproliferative effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and nitrogen mustard by inhibitors of protein kinase C. Int J Cancer. 1988 Sep;42(3):382-8..

[1202] Hofmann J, Fiebig HH, Winterhalter BR, et al. Enhancement of the antiproliferative activity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) by quercetin. Int J Cancer. 1990 Mar 15;45(3):536-9.

[1203] Hayakawa K, Mitsuhashi N, Saito Y, et al. Effect of Krestin as adjuvant treatment following radical radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Detect Prev. 1997;21(1):71-7.

Hayakawa K, Mitsuhashi N, Saito Y, Takahashi M et al.: Effect of krestin (PSK) as adjuvant treatment on the prognosis after radical radiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res. 1993 Sep-Oct;13(5C):1815-20.

[1204] Sakai T, Yamashita Y, Maekawa T, et al. Immunochemotherapy with PSK and fluoropyrimidines improves long-term prognosis for curatively resected colorectal cancer. Cancer BiotherRadiopharm. 2008 Aug;23(4):461-7.

[1205] Ohwada S, Ikeya T, Yokomori T, et al. Adjuvant immunochemotherapy with oral Tegafur/Uracil plus PSK in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer: a randomised controlled study. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar 8;90(5):1003-10.

[1206] Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Sonobe T. Efficacies of tea components on doxorubicin induced antitumor activity and reversal of multidrug resistance. Toxicol Lett. 2000a Apr 3;114(1-3):155-62.

[1207] Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Miyagishima A, et al. The effects of theanine, as a novel biochemical modulator, on the antitumor activity of adriamycin. Cancer Lett. 1996 Aug 2;105(2):203-9.

[1208] Sugiyama T, Sadzuka Y. Enhancing effects of green tea components on the antitumor activity of adriamycin against M5076 ovarian sarcoma. Cancer Lett. 1998 Nov 13;133(1):19-26.

[1209] Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Sonobe T. Improvement of idarubicin induced antitumor activity and bone marrow suppression by theanine, a component of tea. Cancer Lett. 2000b Oct 1;158(2):119-24.

[1210] Sugiyama T, Sadzuka Y, Nagasawa K, et al. Membrane transport and antitumor activity of pirarubicin, and comparison with those of doxorubicin. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999 Jul;90(7):775-80.

[1211] Sugiyama T, Sadzuka Y. Theanine, a specific glutamate derivative in green tea, reduces the adverse reactions of doxorubicin by changing the glutathione level. Cancer Lett. 2004 Aug 30;212(2):177-84.

Sugiyama T, Sadzuka Y. Theanine and glutamate transporter inhibitors enhance the antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Dec 5;1653(2):47-59.

Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Sonobe T. Improvement of idarubicin induced antitumor activity and bone marrow suppression by theanine, a component of tea. Cancer Lett. 2000 Oct 1;158(2):119-24.

Sugiyama T, Sadzuka Y, Nagasawa K, Ohnishi N, Yokoyama T, Sonobe T. Membrane transport and antitumor activity of pirarubicin, and comparison with those of doxorubicin. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1999 Jul;90(7):775-80.

Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Suzuki T, Sonobe T. Enhancement of the activity of doxorubicin by inhibition of glutamate transporter. Toxicol Lett. 2001 Sep 15;123(2-3):159-67.

[1212] Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Sonobe T. Improvement of idarubicin induced antitumor activity and bone marrow suppression by theanine, a component of tea. Cancer Lett. 2000b Oct 1;158(2):119-24.

Sadzuka Y, Sugiyama T, Suzuki T, et al. Enhancement of the activity of doxorubicin by inhibition of glutamate transporter. Toxicol Lett. 2001 Sep 15;123(2-3):159-67

[1213] Reiter RJ. Mechanisms of cancer inhibition by melatonin. J Pineal Res. 2004;37(3):213-4.

[1214] Lissoni, P. et al.: A randomized study of chemotherapy with cisplatin plus etoposide versus chemoendocrine therapy with cisplatin, etoposide and the pineal hormone melatonin as a first-line treatment of advanced non-small lung cancer patients in a poor clinical state. J Pineal Res. 1997 Aug; 23(1): 15-9. Her i: Ralph W. Moss 2000. s. 90

Lissoni, P. et al.: Randomized study with the pineal hormone melatonin versus supportive care alone in advanced nonsmall lung cancer resistant to a first-line chemotherapy containing cisplatin. Oncology 1992; 49(5): 336-9

Mantilla, P. et al.: Hyperlipidemic nephropathy induced by adriamycin: effect of melatonin administration. Nephron. 1997; 76(3): 345-50

Morishima, I. et al.: Zinc accumulation in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats: effects of melatonin, a cardiprotctive antioxidant. J Pineal Res. 1999 May; 26(4): 204-10

Rapozzi, V. et al.: Effects of melatonin administration on tumor spread in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Pharmacol Res. 1992 Feb-Mar; 25 Suppl 1:711-2

Her i: Ralph W. Moss 2000. s. 89

[1215] Lissoni P, Barni S, Ardizzoia A, et al. A randomized study with the pineal hormone melatonin versus supportive care alone in patients with brain metastases due to solid neoplasms. Cancer. 1994a Feb 1;73(3):699-701

Lissoni P, Barni S, Rovelli F, et al. Neuroimmunotherapy of advanced solid neoplasms with single evening subcutaneous injection of low-dose interleukin-2 and melatonin: preliminary results. Eur J Cancer. 1993;29A(2):185-9.

Lissoni P, Barni S, Ardizzoia A, et al. A randomized study with the pineal hormone melatonin versus supportive care alone in patients with brain metastases due to solid neoplasms. Cancer. 1994a Feb 1;73(3):699-701.

[1215] Maestroni GJ. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in immunodeficiency states, viral diseases, and cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:217-26.

Conti A, Maestroni GJ. The clinical neuroimmunotherapeutic role of melatonin in oncology. J Pineal Res. 1995 Oct;19(3):103-10.

[1216] Lissoni P. Is there a role for me

latonin in supportive care? Support Care Cancer. 2002 Mar;10(2):110-6.

[1217]Lissoni P, Rovelli F, Brivio F, et al. A randomized study of chemotherapy versus biochemotherapy with chemotherapy plus Aloe arborescens in patients with metastatic cancer. In Vivo. 2009 Jan-Feb;23(1):171-5.

[1218] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/grapefrugtjuice-forstaerkede-kraeftmedicin 18. september 2012

[1219] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/juice-kan-bremse-medicin

Forskning.no 25. august 2008

[1220] Bertazzoli C, Ghione M. Adriamycin associated cardiotoxicity: research on prevention with coenzyme Q. Pharmacol Res Commun. 1977 Mar;9(3):235-50.
Cortes EP, Gupta M, Chou C, et al. Adriamycin cardiotoxicity: early detection by systolic time interval and possible prevention by coenzyme Q10. Cancer Treat Rep. 1978 Jun;62(6):887-91.

[1221] Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Combined efficacy of tamoxifen and coenzyme Q10 on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in DMBA induced breast cancer. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 May;273(1-2):151-60.

[1222] Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Augmented efficacy of tamoxifen in rat breast tumorigenesis when gavaged along with riboflavin, niacin, and CoQ10: effects on lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact. 2005 Feb 28;152(1):49-58.

[1223] Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Combined efficacy of tamoxifen and coenzyme Q10 on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in DMBA induced breast cancer. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 May;273(1-2):151-60.

Florence TM. The role of free radicals in disease. Aust NZ J Ophthalmol. 1995 Feb;23(1):3-7.

Weitzman SA, Turk PW, Milkowski DH, Kozlowski K. Free radical adducts induce alterations in DNA cytosine methylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994 Feb15;91(4): 1261-4.

Arikan S, Akcay T, Konukoglu D, Obek C, Kural AR. The relationship between antioxidant enzymes and bladder cancer. Neoplasma. 2005;52(4):314-7.

Bhasin G, Kauser H, Athar M. Free radical generating agents lead to the rapid progression of benign skin tumors to carcinoma in iron-overloaded mice. Arch Toxicol. 2004 Mar;78(3):139-46.

Athar M. Oxidative stress and experimental carcinogenesis. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002 Jun;40(6):656-67.

Pryor WA. Cigarette smoke radicals and the role of free radicals in chemical carcinogenicity. Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Jun;105 Suppl 4:875-82.

Borek C. Free-radical processes in multistage carcinogenesis. Free Radic Res Commun. 1991;12-13 Pt 2:745-50.

Sun Y. Free radicals, antioxidant enzymes, and carcinogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med. 1990;8(6):583-99.

O’Connell JF, Klein-Szanto AJ, DiGiovanni DM, Fries JW, Slaga TJ. Enhanced malignant progression of mouse skin tumors by the free-radical generator benzoyl peroxide. Cancer Res. 1986 Jun;46(6):2863-5.

Troll W, Frenkel K, Teebor G. Free oxygen radicals: necessary contributors to tumor promotion and cocarcinogenesis. Princess Takamatsu Symp. 1983;14:207-18.

Mates JM, Sanchez-Jimenez FM. Role of reactive oxygen species in apoptosis: implications for cancer therapy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2000 Feb;32(2):157-70.

Duthie SJ, Ma A, Ross MA, Collins AR. Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Cancer Res. 1996 Mar 15;56(6):1291-5.

Weber C, Sejersgard JT, Mortensen SA, Paulsen G, Holmer G. Antioxidative effect of dietary coenzyme Q10 in human blood plasma. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1994;64(4):311-5.

[1224] Perumal SS, Shanthi P, Sachdanandam P. Combined efficacy of tamoxifen and coenzyme Q10 on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in DMBA induced breast cancer. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 May;273(1-2):151-60.

[1225] Pepping J. Coenzyme Q10. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1999 Mar 15;56(6):519-21.

[1226] Lund EL, Quistorff B, Spang-Thomsen M, et al. Effect of radiation therapy on small-cell lung cancer is reduced by ubiquinone intake. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1998;43(5):505-6.

[1227] Israel, I. et al.: Vitamin A augmentation of the effects of chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancers after menopause. Randomized trial in 100 patients (artikel på fransk). Ann Med Interne 1985; 136(7): 551-554. http://www.drsimone.com/Antioxidants_Part_I.pdf

[1228] Tannock IF, Suit HD, et al. Vitamin A and the radiation response of experimental tumors: an immune-mediated effect. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1972;48(3):731-41.

[1229] Levitsky J, Hong JJ, et al. Oral vitamin a therapy for a patient with a severely symptomatic postradiation anal ulceration: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;46(5):679-82.

[1230] Beliaev IK. [Evaluation and correction of the vitamin C status in relation to the problem of the experimental modification of long-term radiation effects]. Radiobiologiia. 1991 Nov;31(6):819-23.

[1231] Tewfik FA, Tewfik HH, et al. The influence of ascorbic acid on the growth of solid tumors in mice and on tumor control by X-irradiation. Int J Vitam Nutr Res Suppl. 1982;23:257-63.

[1232] Antunes LM, Takahashi CS. Effects of high doses of vitamins C and E against doxorubicin-induced chromosomal damage in Wistar rat bone marrow cells. Mutat Res. 1998 Nov 9;419(1-3):137-43.

Giri A, Khynriam D, Prasad SB. Vitamin C mediated protection on cisplatin induced mutagenicity in mice. Mutat Res. 1998 Nov 3;421(2):139-48.

[1233] Prasad KN. Doses of multiple antioxidant vitamins: essential ingredients in proving the efficacy of standard cancer therapy. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999;18(1):13-25.Moss R. Antioxidants Against Cancer 2000.2000.

[1234] Science Translational Medicine 2014; 6(222): 222ra18: High-Dose Parenteral Ascorbate Enhanced Chemosensitivity of Ovarian Cancer and Reduced Toxicity of Chemotherapy

http://www.dagensmedicin.dk/videnskab/cancer/c-vitamin-givet-intravenost-kan-forbedre-effekt-af-kemoterapi/

http://jyllands-posten.dk/nyviden/ECE6468895/c-vitamin-viser-lovende-tegn-i-kraeftbehandling/

[1235] Campbell MJ, Scott J et al. Immune dysfunction and micrometastases in women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005 May;91(2):163-71.

[1236] Malmberg KJ, Lenkei R et al. A short-term dietary supplementation of high doses of vitamin E increases T helper 1 cytokine production in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jun;8(6):1772-8.

[1237] Guthrie N, Gapor A, Chambers AF, et al. Inhibition of proliferation of estrogen receptor-negative MDA-MB-435 and -positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by palm oil tocotrienols and tamoxifen, alone and in combination. J Nutr. 1997 Mar;127(3):544S-8S.

[1238] Kreienberg R. [Therapy of anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast carcinoma]. Schweiz Rundsch

Med Prax. 1998 Apr 22;87(17):573-7.

[1239] Vadgama JV, Wu Y, Shen D, et al. Effect of selenium in combination with Adriamycin or Taxol on several different cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2000 May;20(3A):1391-414.

[1240] Weiss JF, Landauer MR. Protection against ionizing radiation by antioxidant nutrients and phytochemicals. Toxicology. 2003;189(1-2):1-20.

[1241] Schueller P, Puettmann S, et al. Selenium influences the radiation sensitivity of C6 rat glioma cells. Anticancer Res. 2004;24(5A):2913-7.

Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, et al. Selenium and immunocompetence in patients with head and neck cancer. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2000;73(2):97-111.

Whanger PD. Selenium and Cancer: New Views. New Views 1998.2004

[1242] Hehr T, Hoffmann W, Bamberg M. [Role of sodium selenite as an adjuvant in radiotherapy of rectal carcinoma]. Med Klin (Munich). 1997 Sep 15;92 Suppl 3:48-9.

[1243] Davis CD, Zeng H, Finley JW. Selenium-enriched broccoli decreases intestinal tumorigenesis in multiple intestinal neoplasia mice. J Nutr. 2002 Feb;132(2):307-9.

[1244] Whanger PD. Selenium and Cancer: New Views. New Views 1998.2004

[1245] Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ, Mallinckrodt CH, et al. Effect of fish oil, arginine, and doxorubicin chemotherapy on remission and survival time for dogs with lymphoma: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study. Cancer. 2000 Apr 15;88(8):1916-28.

Hardman WE, Avula CP, Fernandes G, et al. Three percent dietary fish oil concentrate increased efficacy of doxorubicin against MDA-MB 231 breast cancer xenografts. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Jul;7(7):2041-9.

Lindskog M, Gleissman H, Ponthan F, Castro J, Kogner P, Johnsen JI. Neuroblastoma cell death in response to docosahexaenoic acid: sensitization to chemotherapy and arsenic-induced oxidative stress. Int J Cancer. 2006 May 15;118(10):2584-93.

Maheo K, Vibet S, Steghens JP, Dartigeas C, Lehman M, Bougnoux P, Gore J. Differential sensitization of cancer cells to doxorubicin by DHA: a role for lipoperoxidation. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 Sep 15;39(6):742-51.

Jordan A, Stein J. Effect of an omega-3 fatty acid containing lipid emulsion alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on growth of the colon cancer cell line Caco-2. Eur J Nutr. 2003 Dec;42(6):324-31.

Bougnoux P, Germain E, Chajes V, Hubert B, Lhuillery C, Le Floch O, Body G, Calais G. Cytotoxic drugs efficacy correlates with adipose tissue docosahexaenoic acid level in locally advanced breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1999 Apr;79(11-12):1765-9.

Hardman WE, Moyer MP, Cameron IL. Fish oil supplementation enhanced CPT-11 (irinotecan) efficacy against MCF7 breast carcinoma xenografts and ameliorated intestinal side-effects. Br J Cancer 1999;81(3):440-8

Kimura Y, Takaku T, Nakajima S, Okuda H. Effects of carp and tuna oils on 5-fluorouracil-induced antitumor activity and side effects in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Lipids 2001 Apr;36(4):353-9

Rudra PK, Krokan HE. Cell-specific enhancement of doxorubicin toxicity in human tumour cells by docosahexaenoic acid. Anticancer Res 2001 Jan-Feb;21(1A):29-38

Dupertuis YM, Meguid MM, Pichard C. Colon cancer therapy: new perspectives of nutritional manipulations using polyunsaturated fatty acids. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007 Jul;10(4):427-32.

Kimura S, Tamayama M, Minami M, Hata N, Saito H. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits blood viscosity in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 1998 Jun;100(3):351-61.

Vibet S, Goupille C, Bougnoux P, Steghens JP, Goré J, Mahéo K. Sensitization by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of breast cancer cells to anthracyclines through loss of glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) response. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008 Apr 1;44(7):1483-91.

[1246] Heller A, Koch T. [Immunonutrition with omega-3-fatty acids: Are new anti-inflammatory strategies in sight?]. Zentralbl Chir. 2000;125(2):123–36.

[1247] Heller AR, Rossel T, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids improve liver and pancreas function in postoperative cancer patients. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 10;111(4):611–6.

[1248] Nakamura K, Kariyazono H, et al. Influence of preoperative administration of omega-3 fatty acid-enriched supplement on inflammatory and immune responses in patients undergoing major surgery for cancer. Nutrition. 2005 Jun;21(6):639–49.

[1249] Abstracted by Greg Arnold, DC, CSCS, from “Improving outcome of chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer by docosahexaenoic acid: a phase II trial” in the December 2009 issue of the British Journal of Cancer. Posted January 8, 2010.
Bougnoux P. Improving outcome of chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer by docosahexaenoic acid: a phase II trial. Br J Cancer 101: 1978-1985; advance online publication, November 17, 2009; doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605441. http://www.naturalhealthresearch.org/nhri/?p=1040

[1250] Tsekos E, Reuter C, et al. Perioperative administration of parenteral fish oil supplements in a routine clinical setting improves patient outcome after major abdominal surgery. Clin Nutr. 2004 Jun;23(3):325–30.
Patterson RE, Flatt SW, Newman VA, et al. Marine fatty acid intake is associated with breast cancer prognosis. J Nutr. 2011 Feb;141(2):201-6.

[1251] Piccart-Gebhart et al. Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1659-72.
Romond EH et al. Trastuzumab plus adjuvant chemotherapy for operable HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353: 1673-84.

Menendez JA et al. Effect of gamma-linolenic acid on the transcriptional activity of the Her2/neu (erbB-2) oncogene. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1611-15. www.vitalraadet.dk

[1252] Kenny FS, Pinder SE, Ellis IO, et al. Gamma linolenic acid with tamoxifen as primary therapy in breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2000 Mar 1;85(5):643-8.

[1253] Pérez-Tomás R. Multidrug resistance: retrospect and prospects in anti-cancer drug treatment. Curr Med Chem. 2006;13(16):1859-76.

[1254] Seeram NP. Berry fruits for cancer prevention: current status and future prospects. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2008;56(3):630-5.

[1255] Kang JH, Song KH, Woo JK, et al. Ginsenoside Rp1 from Panax ginseng exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulating of the IGF-1R/Akt pathway in breast cancer cells. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2011;66(3):298-305.

[1256] Choi CH, Kang G, Min YD. Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by protopanaxatriol ginsenosides from Korean red ginseng. Planta Med. 2003 Mar;69(3):235-40.

[1257] Arora A, et al. Modulation of vinca-alkaloid-induced P-glycoprotein expression by indole-3-carbinol. Cancer Lett 2003 189:167-73.

[1258] Kennedy RS, Konok GP, Bounous G, et al. The use of a whey protein concentrate in the treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoma: a phase I-II clinical study. Anticancer Res. 1995 Nov;15(6B):2643-9.

Bounous G. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment. Anticancer Res. 2000 Nov;20(6C):4785-92.

Tsai WY, Chang WH, Chen CH, et al. Enchancing effect of patented whey protein isolate (Immunocal) on cytotoxicity of an anticancer drug. Nutr Cancer. 2000;38(2):200-8.

[1259] Scambia G. Ranelletti FO. Panici PB. De Vincenzo R. Bonanno G. Ferrandina G. Piantelli M. Bussa S. Rumi C. Cianfriglia M. et al. Quercetin potentiates the effect of adriamycin in a multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast-cancer cell line: P-glycoprotein as a possible target. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1994;34(6):459-64. Block s. 72

[1260] Shapiro AB. Ling V. Effect of quercetin on Hoechst 33342 transport by purified and reconstituted P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997;53(4):587-96.

Conseil G, Baubichon-Cortay H, Dayan G, Jault JM, Barron D, Di Pietro A. Flavonoids: a class of modulators with bifunctional interactions at vicinal ATP- and steroid-binding sites on mouse P-glycoprotein. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 1998;95(17):9831-6.

[1261] Scambia, G. et al.: Quercetin potentiates the effect of adriamycin in a multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line: P-glycoprotein as a possible target. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1994; 34: 459-464.

[1262] Kræftpatienters brug af alternativ behandling. En undersøgelse blandt brugerne af Kræftens Bekæmpelses telefonrådgivning: kræftlinien. Kræftens bekæmpelse 2006.

[1263] Richardson MA, Sanders T, et al. Complementary/alternative medicine use in a comprehensive cancer center and the implications for oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(13):250514.

[1264] Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, et al. Selenium and immunocompetence in patients with head and neck cancer. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2000;73(2):97-111.

Malmberg KJ, Lenkei R, et al. A short-term dietary supplementation of high doses of vitamin E increases T helper 1 cytokine production in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2002;8(6):1772-8.

Prasad KN, Cole WC, et al. Pros and cons of antioxidant use during radiation therapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 2002;28(2):79-91.

De Maria D, Falchi AM, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy of the pelvis with or without reduced glutathione: a randomized trial in patients operated on for endometrial cancer. Tumori. 1992;78(6):374-6.

Ersin S, Tuncyurek P, et al. The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of glutamine- and arginine-enriched diets on radiation-induced enteritis in rats. J Surg Res. 2000;89(2):121-5.

Huang EY, Leung SW, et al. Oral glutamine to alleviate radiation-induced oral mucositis: a pilot randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;46(3):535-9.

Kaya E, Gur ES, et al. L-glutamine enemas attenuate mucosal injury in experimental colitis. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999;42(9):1209-15.

Kim JA, Baker DG, et al. Topical use of N-acetylcysteine for reduction of skin reaction to radiation therapy. Semin Oncol. 1983;10(1 Suppl 1):86-92.

Klimberg VS, Salloum RM, et al. Oral glutamine accelerates healing of the small intestine and improves outcome after whole abdominal radiation. Arch Surg. 1990;125(8):1040-5.

Mills EE. The modifying effect of beta-carotene on radiation and chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. Br J Cancer. 1988;57(4):416-7.

Lamson DW, Brignall MS. Antioxidants in cancer therapy; their actions and interactions with oncologic therapies. Altern Med Rev. 1999;4(5):304-29.

[1265]Foley DJ, White LR. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease: food for thought. Jama. 2002;287(24):3261-3.

[1266] Shahidi F. Antioxidants in food and food antioxidants. Nahrung. 2000;44(3):158-63.

[1267] 603 henvendelser ud af ialt 7.069. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/287491.php?tw

[1268] 1,228 af henvendelserne var fra personer, som var diagnosticeret 2 år eller mere tidligere. Af disse henvendelser drejede de 204 (16,6% sig om bivirkninger som lymfødem, træthed, hårtab og overgangssymptomer. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/287491.php?tw

[1269] Af 1,228 henvendelser fra samme gruppe handlede 181 (14,7%) om denne type følelser.

[1270] Af de 1,228 henvendelser fra samme gruppe handlede 110 om emner

i relation til kræftbehandlinger udover operation.

[1271] Brown JK, Byers T, et al. Nutrition and physical activity during and after cancer treatment: an American Cancer Society guide for informed choices. CA Cancer J Clin. 2003;53(5):268-91.

[1272] Brown JK, Byers T, et al. Nutrition and physical activity during and after cancer treatment: an American Cancer Society guide for informed choices. CA Cancer J Clin. 2003;53(5):268-91.

[1273] Boyd NF, Greenberg C, et al. Effects at two years of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on radiologic features of the breast: results from a randomized trial. Canadian Diet and Breast Cancer Prevention Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Apr 2;89(7):488-96.

[1274] Rao CV, Reddy BS. Modulating effect of amount and types of dietary fat on ornithine decarboxylase, tyrosine protein kinase and prostaglandins production during colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats. Carcinogenesis. 1993;14(7):1327-33.

[1275] Prasad KN, Kumar A, et al. High doses of multiple antioxidant vitamins: essential ingredients in improving the efficacy of standard cancer therapy. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999;18(1):13-25.

[1276] Jones LW, Courneya KS et al. Association between exercise and quality of life in multiple myeloma cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer. 2004 Nov;12(11):780-8.

Mustian KM, Katula JA et al. Tai Chi Chuan, health-related quality of life and self-esteem: a randomized trial with breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer. 2004 Dec;12(12):871-6.

[1277] Dimeo FC, Thomas F et al. Effect of aerobic exercise and relaxation training on fatigue and physical performance of cancer patients after surgery. A randomised controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2004 Nov;12(11):774-9.
Kendall AR, Mahue-Giangreco M et al. Influence of exercise activity on quality of life in long-term breast cancer survivors. Qual Life Res. 2005 Mar;14(2):361-71.
Mock V, Frangakis C et al. Exercise manages fatigue during breast cancer treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Psychooncology. 2005 Jun;14(6):464-77.
Stevinson C, Lawlor DA et al. Exercise interventions for cancer patients: systematic review of controlled trials. Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Dec;15(10):1035-56.
Thorsen L, Skovlund E et al. Effectiveness of physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in young and middle-aged cancer patients shortly after chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Apr 1;23(10):2378-88.

[1278] http://altmedicine.about.com/cs/treatmentsad/a/acupuncture.htm

[1279] http://altmedicine.about.com/od/chronicpain/a/back_pain.htm

[1280] http://altmedicine.about.com/cs/headachemigraine/a/Migraine.htm

[1281] http://altmedicine.about.com/od/healthconditionsdisease/a/sciatica.htm

[1282] http://altmedicine.about.com/od/healthconditionsdisease/a/osteoarthritis.htm

[1283] http://altmedicine.about.com/cs/conditionsetoh/a/Fibromyalgia.htm

[1284] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/akupunktur-frigiver-lokalbedovende-stof 31. maj 2010

[1285] Faure H, Coudray C, Mousseau M, et al. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil excretion, plasma TBARS and plasma antioxidant vitamins in adriamycin-treated patients. Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(7):979-83.

Vanella A, Campisi A, di Giacomo C, et al. Enhanced resistance of adriamycin-treated MCR-5 lung fibroblasts by increased intracellular glutathione peroxidase and extracellular antioxidants. Biochem Mol Med. 1997 Oct;62(1):36-41.

[1286] Anonymous. Radiation-induced emesis: a prospective observational multicenter Italian trial. The Italian Group for Antiemetic Research in Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;44(3):619-25.

Goldsmith B. First choice for radiation-induced nausea and vomiting–the efficacy and safety of granisetron. Acta Oncol. 2004;43 Suppl 15:19-22.

[1287] Henriksson R, Lomberg H, et al. The effect of ondansetron on radiation-induced emesis and diarrhoea. Acta Oncol. 1992;31(7):767-9.

[1288] Fellowes D, Barnes K et al. Aromatherapy and massage for symptom relief in patients with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD002287.

[1289] Keating A, Chez RA. Ginger syrup as an antiemetic in early pregnancy. Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 Sep;8(5):89-91.

Boon H, Wong J. Botanical medicine and cancer: a review of the safety and efficacy. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004 Dec;5(12):2485-501.

Sharma SS, Gupta YK. Reversal of cisplatin-induced delay in gastric emptying in rats by ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 Aug;62(1):49-55.

Manusirivithaya S, Sripramote M et al. Antiemetic effect of ginger in gynecologic oncology patients receiving cisplatin. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2004 Nov;14(6):1063-9.

[1290] Morrow GR, Morrell C. Behavioral treatment for the anticipatory nausea and vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. N Engl J Med. 1982;307(24):1476-80.

Zeltzer LK, Dolgin MJ, et al. A randomized, controlled study of behavioral intervention for chemotherapy distress in children with cancer. Pediatrics. 1991;88(1):34-42

[1291] Dundee JW, Ghaly RG, et al. Effect of stimulation of the P6 antiemetic point on postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth. 1989a Nov;63(5):612-8.

Dundee JW, Ghaly RG, et al. Acupuncture prophylaxis of cancer chemotherapy-induced sickness. J R Soc Med. 1989b May;82(5):268-71.

Mayer DJ. Acupuncture: an evidence-based review of the clinical literature. Annu Rev Med. 2000;51:49-63.

Johnstone PA, Polston GR, et al. Integration of acupuncture into the oncology clinic. Palliat Med. 2002 May;16(3):235-9.

Lu W. Acupuncture for side effects of chemoradiation therapy in cancer patients. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2005 Aug;21(3):190-5.

Samuels N. [Acupuncture for nausea: how does it work?]. Harefuah. 2003 Apr;142(4):297-300, 316.

[1292] Samuels N. [Acupuncture for cancer patients: why not?]. Harefuah. 2002 Jul;141(7):608-10, 666.

[1293] _{Ezzo J, Vickers A, Richardson MA, Allen C, Dibble SL, Issell B, Lao L, Pearl M, Ramirez G, Roscoe JA, Shen J, Shivnan J, Streitberger K, Treish I, Zhang G. “Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.” J Clin Oncol. 2005 1;23(28):7188-98.}http://altmedicine.about.com/od/cance1/a/acupuncture_cancer.htm

Zeltzer LK, Dolgin MJ, et al. A randomized, controlled study of behavioral intervention for chemotherapy distress in children with cancer. Pediatrics. 1991;88(1):34-42

[1294] Gan TJ, Jiao KR et al. A randomized controlled comparison of electro-acupoint stimulation or ondansetron versus placebo for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2004 Oct;99(4):1070-5, table.
Deng G, Cassileth BR et al. Complementary therapies for cancer-related symptoms. J Support Oncol. 2004 Sep;2(5):419-26.

[1295] Samuels N. [Acupuncture for cancer patients: why not?]. Harefuah. 2002 Jul;141(7):608-10, 666.

[1296] Johnstone PA, Polston GR et al. Integration of acupuncture into the oncology clinic. Palliat Med. 2002 May;16(3):235-9.

[1297] Barber MD. Cancer cachexia and its treatment with fish-oil-enriched nutritional supplementation. Nutrition. 2001 Sep;17(9):751-5.
Barber MD, Fearon KC et al. Effect of a fish oil-enriched nutritional supplement on metabolic mediators in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):118-24.
Brown TT, Zelnik DL et al. Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients. Int J Gastrointest Cancer. 2003;34(2-3):143-50

[1298] Brown TT, Zelnik DL et al. Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients. Int J Gastrointest Cancer. 2003;34(2-3):143-50.

[1299] Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Masoni MC, et al. Malnutrition, anorexia, and cachexia in cancer patients: a mini-review on pathogenesis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; In Press

von Haehling S, Anker SD. Cachexia as a major underestimated and unmet medical need: facts and numbers. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle. Sep 2010;1(1):1-5.

Suzuki H, Asakawa A, Amitani H, Fujitsuka N, Nakamura N, Inui A. Cancer cachexia pathophysiology and translational aspect of herbal medicine. Japanese journal of clinical oncology. Jul 2013;43(7):695-705.

Kumar NB, Kazi A, Smith T, et al. Cancer cachexia: traditional therapies and novel molecular mechanism-based approaches to treatment. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2010;11:107–117. Available at www.springerlink.com/content/1212v77137qj.6510/?MUD=MP. Accessed May 22, 2012.

http://www.townsendletter.com/AugSept2012/shorts0812.html

[1300] Brotto M, Abreu EL. Sarcopenia: Pharmacology for today and tomorrow. JPET 2012;343:510-512.

Fearon K, Arends J, Baracos V. Understanding the mechanisms and treatment options in cancer cachexia. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2013;10(2):90-99.

[1301] Fearon KC, Preston T. Body composition in cancer cachexia. Infusionstherapie (Basel) 1990;17(Suppl 3):63– 6.

Baracos VE. Management of muscle wasting in cancer-associated cachexia: understanding gained from experimental studies. Cancer. 2001 Sep 15;92(6 Suppl):1669-77.

Dimeo FC, Tilmann MH, Bertz H, et al. Aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation of cancer patients after high dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation. Cancer 1997;79:1717-1722.

Rolland Y, VanKan GA, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Vellas B. Cachexia versus sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;14(1):15-21.

Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Masoni MC, et al. Malnutrition, anorexia, and cachexia in cancer patients: a mini-review on pathogenesis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; In Press.

Siddiqui R, Pandya D, Harvey K, Zaloga GP. Nutrition modulation of cachexia/ proteolysis. Nutr Clin Pract 2006;21(2):155-167.

Muscaritoli A, Lucia S, Molfino A, Cederholm MT, Rossi Fanelli F, Muscle atrophy in aging and chronic diseases: is it sarcopenia or cachexia? Intern Emerg Med 2013;8: 553-560.

Gordon JN, Trebble TM, Ellis RD, Duncan HD, Johns T, Goggin PM. Thaldomide in the treatment of cancer cachexia: a randomized placebo controlled trial. Gut 2005;54:540-545.

Gullett NP, Mazurak VC, Hebbar G, Ziegler TR. Nutritional interventions for cancer-induced cachexia. Current problems in cancer. Mar-Apr 2011;35(2):58-90.

[1302] Al-Majid S, McCarthy DO. Cancer-induced fatigue and skeletal muscle wasting: the role of exercise. Biological Research for Nursing. 2(3):186-97, 2001

Zinna EM, Yarasheski KE. Exercise treatment to counteract protein wasting of chronic diseases. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2003;6(1):87-93.

Evans WJ. Role of exercise in managing involuntary weight loss and fatigue. Presented at: First Annual Chicago Supportive Oncology Conference, October 6–8, 2005, Chicago, Illinois.

Gordon JN, Green SR, Goggin PM. Cancer cachexia. QJM. 2005 Nov;98(11):779-88.

[1303] Siddiqui R, Pandya D, Harvey K, Zaloga GP. Nutrition modulation of cachexia/ proteolysis. Nutr Clin Pract 2006;21(2):155-167.

Muscaritoli A, Lucia S, Molfino A, Cederholm MT, Rossi Fanelli F, Muscle atrophy in aging and chronic diseases: is it sarcopenia or cachexia? Intern Emerg Med 2013;8: 553-560.

[1304] Sirola J, Kroger H. Similarities in acquired factors related to postmenopausal osteoporosis and sarcopenia. J Osteroporos 2011. Doi: 4061/2011/536735

Paddon-Jones D, Rasmussen BB. Dietary protein recommendations and the prevention of sarcopenia. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2009;12(1):86-90.

Janssen I, Baumgartner RN, Ross R, Rosenberg IH, Roubenoff R. Skeletal muscle cutpoints associated with elevated physical disability risk in older men and women. Am J Epidemiol 2004;159(4):413-421.

Zacker RJ. Health-related implications and management of sarcopenia. JAAPA 2006;19(10):24-29.

Thomas DR. Loss of skeletal muscle mass in aging: Examining the relationship of starvation, sarcopenia and cachexia. Clin Nutr 2007;26(4): 389-399.

Cosqueric G, Sebag A, Ducolombier C, Piette F, Weill-Engerer S. Sarcopenia is predictive of nosocomial infection in the elderly. Br J Nutr 2006;96(5):895-901.

Cawthon PM, Marshall LM, Michael I, et al. Frailty in older men: Prevalence, progression, and relationship with mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007;55(8):1216-1223.

[1305] Davis MP, Dreicer R, et al. Appetite and cancer-associated anorexia: a review. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(8):1510-7.

[1306] http://www.lifeovercancerblog.com/life-over-cancer-blog/2010/12/overcoming-cancer-cachexia.html

[1307] Hayes A, Cribb PJ. Effect of whey protein isolate on strength, body composition and muscle hypertrophy during resistance training. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2008; 11(1):40-44.

Phillips SM, Tang JE, Moore DR. The role of milk- and soy-bean protein in support of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein accretion in young and elderly persons. J Am Coll Nutr 2009;28(4):343-354.

Pennings B, Senden JMG, Gijsen AP, Gijsen AP, Kuipers H, Van Loon LJ. Whey protein stimulates postprandial protein accretion more effectively than do casein and casein hydrolysate in older men. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:997-1005.

Katsanos CS, Chinkes DL, Paddon-Jones D, Zhang XJ, Aarsland A, Wolfe RR Whey protein ingestion in elderly results in greater muscle protein accrual than ingestion of its constituent amino acid content. Nutr Res 2008;28(10):651-658.

Gryson C, Walrand S, Giraudet C, et al. “Fast proteins” with a unique amino acid content as an optimal nutrition in the elderly: Growing evidence. Clin Nutr 2013; In Press.

[1308] Moore DR, Robinson MJ, Fry JL, et al. Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89(1):161-168.

[1309] Kumar NB, Kazi A, Smith T, et al. Cancer cachexia: traditional therapies and novel molecular mechanism-based approaches to treatment. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2010;11:107–117. Available at www.springerlink.com/content/1212v77137qj.6510/?MUD=MP. Accessed May 22, 2012.

http://www.townsendletter.com/AugSept2012/shorts0812.html

Wigmore SJ, Barber MD, et al. Effect of oral eicosapentaenoic acid on weight loss in patients with pancreatic cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2000;36(2):177-84.

Barber MD. Cancer cachexia and its treatment with fish-oil-enriched nutritional supplementation. Nutrition. 2001 Sep;17(9):751-5.
Barber MD, Fearon KC et al. Effect of a fish oil-enriched nutritional supplement on metabolic mediators in patients with pancreatic cancer cachexia. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40(2):118-24.
Brown TT, Zelnik DL et al. Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients. Int J Gastrointest Cancer. 2003;34(2-3):143-50.

Bruera ED. Eicosapentaenoic Acid As a Targeted Therapy for Cancer Cachexia. J Clin Oncol. 2003; 21(24):4657-58.

Bruera E, Strasser F et al. Effect of fish oil on appetite and other symptoms in patients with advanced cancer and anorexia/cachexia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Jan 1;21(1):129-34.
Burns CP, Halabi S et al. Phase II study of high-dose fish oil capsules for patients with cancer-related cachexia. Cancer. 2004 Jul 15;101(2):370-8.
Fearon KC, Von Meyenfeldt MF et al. Effect of a protein and energy dense N-3 fatty acid enriched oral supplement on loss of weight and lean tissue in cancer cachexia: a randomised double blind trial. Gut. 2003 Oct;52(10):1479-86.

[1310] Wigmore SJ, Ross JA, Falconer JS, et al. The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids with the progress of cachexia in patients with pancreatic cancer. Nutrition 1996;12 (supplement 1):S27-S30.

[1311] Lissoni P, Paolorossi F, et al. Is there a role for melatonin in the treatment of neoplastic cachexia? Eur J Cancer. 1996b;32A(8):1340-3.

[1312] Mantovani G, Madeddu C, et al. Cancer-related anorexia/cachexia syndrome and oxidative stress: an innovative approach beyond current treatment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13(10):1651-9.

[1313] Rahman MM, Halade GV, El Jamali A, Fernandes G. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) prevents age associated skeletal muscle loss. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009;383(4):513-518.

[1314] Tarnopolsky M, Zimmer A, Paikin J, et al. Creatine monohydrate and conjugated linoleic acid improve strength and body composition following resistance exercise in older adults. PLoS One 2007;2(10):e991.

[1315] Bischoff-Ferrari A, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, et al. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMJ 2009;339:b3692.

Dawson-Hughes B. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and functional outcomes in the elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88(supplement):537S-540S.

Tieland M, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Nienaber-Rousseau C, van Loon LJ, De Groot LC. Low vitamin D status is associated with reduced muscle mass and impaired physical performance in frail elderly people. European journal of clinical nutrition. Oct 2013;67(10):1050-1055.

Wong YY, McCaul KA, Yeap BB, Hankey GJ, Flicker L. Low vitamin D status is an independent predictor of increased frailty and all-cause mortality in older men: the Health in Men Study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. Sep 2013;98(9):3821-3828.

[1316] Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA, et al. Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population. Arch Int Med 2009;169:629-632.

[1317] Semba RD, Lauretani F, Ferrucci L. Carotenoids as protection against sarcopenia in older adults. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007;458(2):141-145.

[1318] Jackson JR, Ryan MJ, Hao Y, Alway SE. Mediation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and aptotic signaling by resveratrol following muscle disuse in the gastrocnemius muscles of young and old rats. Am J Physiol Regulat Integr Comp Physiol 2010;299(6):R1572-1581.

Baur JA, Pearson KJ, Price NL, et al. Resveratrol improves health and survival of mice on a high-calorie diet. Nature 2006a:444(7117):337-342.

Reagan-Shaw S, Nihal M, Ahmad N. Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited. FASEB J 2007;22:659-661.

[1319] Shadfar S, Couch ME, McKinney KA, Weinstein LJ, Yin X. Oral resveratrol inhibits cancer-induced skeletal and cardiac atrophy in vivo. Nutr Cancer 2011;63(5):749-762.

[1320] Busquets S, Fuster G, Ametller E, et al. Resveratrol does not ameliorate muscle wasting in different types of cancer cachexia models. Clin Nutr 2007;26(2):239-244.

[1321] Churchward-Venne TA, Breen L, Phillips SM. Alterations in human muscle protein metabolism with aging: Protein and exercise as countermeasures to offset sarcopenia. Biofactors 2013; In Press

Solheim TS, Laird BJA. Evidence base for multimodal therapy in cachexia. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2012;6(4):424-431.

Penna F, Busquets S, Pin F, Toledo M, Baccino FM, Lopez-Soriano FJ, . . . Argiles JM. Combined approach to counteract experimental cancer cachexia: eicosapentaenoic acid and training exercise. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle. Jun 2011;2(2):95-104.

Schols AM. Pulmonary cachexia. International journal of cardiology. Sep 2002;85(1):101-110.

Scott D, Blizzard L, Fell J, Giles G, Jones G. Associations between dietary nutrient intake and muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults: The Tasmanian older adult cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010;58:2129-2134.

[1322] Kalman D, Villani LJ. Nutritional aspects of cancer-related fatigue. J Am Diet Assoc 1997;97:650-654

Courneya, KS, Mackey JR, McKenzie DC. Exercise for breast cancer survivors – research evidence and clinical guidelines. The Physician and Sportsmedicine 2002; 30(8):

Irwin ML, Ainsworth BE. Physical activity interventions following cancer diagnosis: methodologic challenges to delivery and assessment. Cancer Invest. 2004;22(1):30-50.

Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM. Physical exercise and quality of life following cancer diagnosis: a literature review. Ann Behav Med. 1999 Spring;21(2):171-9.

[1323] Peterson MD, Sen A, Gordon PM. Influence of resistance exercise on lean body mass in aging adults: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011;43(2):249-258.

[1324] Stene GB, Helbostad JL, Balstad TR, Riphagen II, Kaasa S, Oldervoll LM. Effect of physical exercise on muscle mass and strength during treatment- A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; In Press,

[1325] Irvine L, Jodrell N. The distress associated with cranial irradiation: a comparison of patient and nurse perceptions. Cancer Nurs. 1999;22(2):126-33.

[1326] Oxenkrug G, Requintina P, et al. Antioxidant and antiaging activity of N-acetylserotonin and melatonin in the in vivo models. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;939:190-9.

[1327] Fischer TW, Burmeister G, et al. Melatonin increases anagen hair rate in women with androgenetic alopecia or diffuse alopecia: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150(2):341-5.

[1328] Ahn WS, Kim DJ et al. Natural killer cell activity and quality of life were improved by consumption of a mushroom extract, Agaricus blazei Murill Kyowa, in gynecological cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2004 Jul;14(4):589-94.

[1329] D’Agostini F, Bagnasco M et al. Inhibition by oral N-acetylcysteine of doxorubicin-induced clastogenicity and alopecia, and prevention of primary tumors and lung micrometastases in mice. Int J Oncol. 1998 Aug;13(2):217-24.

[1330] Ashikaga T, Bosompra K et al. Use of complimentary and alternative medicine by breast cancer patients: prevalence, patterns and communication with physicians. Support Care Cancer. 2002 Oct;10(7):542-8.
McNeely ML, Magee DJ et al. The addition of manual lymph drainage to compression therapy for breast cancer related lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004 Jul;86(2):95-106.

[1331] Allegra C, Sarcinella R, et al. Morphologic and functional changes of the microlymphatic network in patients with advancing stages of primary lymphedema. Lymphology. 2002;35(3):114-20.

[1332] Granda C. Nursing management of patients with lymphedema associated with breast cancer therapy. Cancer Nurs. 1994;17(3):229-35.

[1333] Shaw, C., Mortimer, P., Judd, P.A. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of weight reduction as a treatment for breast cancer-related lymphedema. Cancer, 110(8), 1868-74.

[1334] Williams AF, Vadgama A, Franks PJ, Mortimer PS. A randomized controlled crossover study of manual lymphatic drainage therapy in women with breast cancer-related lymphoedema. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2002 Dec;11(4):254-61.

Liao SF, Huang MS, Chou YH, Wei TS. Successful complex decongestive physiotherapy for lymphedema and lymphocutaneous reflux of the female external genitalia after radiation therapy. J Formos Med Assoc. 2003 Jun;102(6):404-6.

Cheville AL, McGarvey CL, Petrek JA, Russo SA, Taylor ME, Thiadens SR. Semin Radiat Oncol 2003; 13(3):290-301.

Lane K, Worsley D, McKenzie D. Exercise and the lymphatic system: implications for breast-cancer survivors. Sports Med. 2005: 35(6):461-71.

Johansson K, Tibe K, Weibull A, Newton RC. Low intensity resistance exercise for breast cancer patients with arm lymphedema with or without compression sleeve. Lymphology. 2005; 38(4):167-80. Block

Moseley AL, Piller NB, Carati CJ. The effect of gentle arm exercise and deep breathing on secondary arm lymphedema. Lymphology. 2005; 39(3):136-45.

[1335] McNeely ML, Magee DJ et al. The addition of manual lymph drainage to compression therapy for breast cancer related lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2004 Jul;86(2):95-106.
Mortimer PS. Therapy approaches for lymphedema. Angiology. 1997 Jan;48(1):87-91.

Collins CD, Mortimer PS, et al. Computed tomography in the assessment of response to limb compression in unilateral lymphoedema. Clin Radiol. 1995;50(8):541-4.

[1336] Bruns F, Buntzel J, et al. Selenium in the treatment of head and neck lymphedema. Med Princ Pract. 2004;13(4):185-90.

Kasseroller RG, Schrauzer GN. Treatment of secondary lymphedema of the arm with physical decongestive therapy and sodium selenite: a review. Am J Ther. 2000;7(4):273-9.

[1337] Micke O, Bruns F, et al. Selenium in the treatment of radiation-associated secondary lymphedema. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;56(1):40-9.

[1338] Zimmermann T, Leonhardt H, et al. Reduction of postoperative lymphedema after oral tumor surgery with sodium selenite. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2005 Sep;106(3):193-203.

[1339] Bruns F, Micke O et al. Current status of selenium and other treatments for secondary lymphedema. J Support Oncol. 2003 Jul;1(2):121-30.

[1340] Mock V, Atkinson A, Barsevick A, et al. NCCN Practice Guidelines for Cancer-Related Fatigue. Oncology (Williston Park).2000;14(11A):151-161. http://naturalmedicinejournal.com/journal/2014-11/natural-interventions-posttreatment-cancer-related-fatigue

[1341] Stone P, Richardson A, Ream E, et al. Cancer-related fatigue: inevitable, unimportant and untreatable? Results of a multi-centre patient survey. Cancer Fatigue Forum. Ann Oncol. 2000;11(8):971-975.

Geinitz H, Zimmermann FB, et al. Fatigue, serum cytokine levels, and blood cell counts during radiotherapy of patients with breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51(3):691-8.

Silverio R, Laviano A, Rossi Fanelli FR, Seelander M. L-carnitine and cancer cachexia: Clinical and experimental aspects. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2011;2:37-44.

[1342] Hofman M, Ryan JL, Figueroa-Moseley CD, Jean-Pierre P, Morrow GR. Cancer-related fatigue: the scale of the problem. Oncologist.2007;12 Suppl 1:4-10.

[1343] Morrow GR. Cancer-related fatigue: causes, consequences, and management. Oncologist. 2007;12 Suppl 1:1-3.

Nail LM, Jones LS, Greene D, Schipper DL, Jensen R. Use and perceived efficacy of self-care activities in patients receiving chemotherapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1991;18(5):883-887.

Irvine L, Jodrell N. The distress associated with cranial irradiation: a comparison of patient and nurse perceptions. Cancer Nurs. 1999;22(2):126-33.

[1344] Hofman M, Ryan JL, Figueroa-Moseley CD, Jean-Pierre P, Morrow GR. Cancer-related fatigue: the scale of the problem. Oncologist.2007;12 Suppl 1:4-10.

Kurzrock R. The role of cytokines in cancer-related fatigue. Cancer. 2001;92(6 Suppl):1684-8.

[1345] Bower JE, Ganz PA, Desmond KA, et al. Fatigue in long-term breast carcinoma survivors: a longitudinal investigation. Cancer.2006;106(4):751-758.

[1346] Jean-Pierre P, Figueroa-Moseley CD, Kohli S, et al. Assessment of cancer-related fatigue: implication for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Oncologist. 2007;12 Suppl 1:11-21.

Jacobsen PB, Thors CL. Fatigue in the radiation therapy patient: current management and investigations. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2003;13(3):372-80.

[1347] Morrow GR. Cancer-related fatigue: causes, consequences, and management. Oncologist. 2007;12 Suppl 1:1-3.

Savard J, Simard S, Blanchet J, Ivers H, Morin CM. Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors for insomnia in the context of breast cancer. Sleep. 2001;24(5):583-590.

[1348] Dimeo FC. Effects of exercise on cancer-related fatigue. Cancer. 2001;92(6 Suppl):1689-1693.

Piper BF, Cella D. Cancer-related fatigue: definitions and clinical subtypes. J Natl Comp Canc Netw. 2010;8(8):958-966.

[1349] Kohara H, Miyauchi T et al. Combined modality treatment of aromatherapy, footsoak, and reflexology relieves fatigue in patients with cancer. J Palliat Med. 2004 Dec;7(6):791-6.

[1350] Panossian A, Wikman G. Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2009;4(3):198-219.

[1351] Singh N, Bhalla M, de Jager P, Gilca M. An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2011;8(5 Suppl):208-213.

Panossian A, Wagner H. Stimulating effect of adaptogens: an overview with particular reference to their efficacy following single dose administration. Phytother Res. 2005;19(10):819-838.

Sheikh N, Ahmad A, Siripurapu KB, Kuchibhotla VK, Singh S, Palit G. Effect of Bacopa monniera on stress induced changes in plasma corticosterone and brain monoamines in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007;111(3):671-676.

[1352] Brown RP, Gerbarg PL, Ramazanov Z. Rhodiola rosea: a phytomedicinal overview. HerbalGram. 2002;56:40-52.

[1353] Olsson EM, von Schéele B, Panossian AG. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the standardized extract SHR-5 of the roots of Rhodiola rosea in the treatment of subjects with stress-related fatigue. Planta Med. 2009;75(2):105-112.

[1354] Amagase H, Nance DM. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study of the general effects of a standardized Lycium barbarum (goji) juice, GoChi™. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 May;14(4):403-12.

[1355] http://www.vitamindoktor.com

[1356] Silverio R, Laviano A, Rossi Fanelli FR, Seelander M. L-carnitine and cancer cachexia: Clinical and experimental aspects. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2011;2:37-44.

[1357] Gramignano G, Lusso MR, Madeddu C, et al. Efficacy of l-carnitine administration on fatigue, nutritional status, oxidative stress, and related quality of life in 12 advanced cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy. Nutrition 2006;22:136-145.

[1358] Graziano F, Bisonni R, Catalano V, et al. Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anemic cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2002;86:1854-1857.

Cruciani RA, Zhang JJ, Manola J, Cella D, Ansari B, Fisch MJ. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:3864-3869.

[1359] Fellowes D, Barnes K et al. Aromatherapy and massage for symptom relief in patients with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD002287.

[1360] Hernandez-Reif M, Field T et al. Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Apr;115(4):495-510.
Hernandez-Reif M, Ironson G et al. Breast cancer patients have improved immune and neuroendocrine functions following massage therapy. J Psychosom Res. 2004 Jul;57(1):45-52.

[1361] Kohara H, Miyauchi T et al. Combined modality treatment of aromatherapy, footsoak, and reflexology relieves fatigue in patients with cancer. J Palliat Med. 2004 Dec;7(6):791-6.

[1362] Kim SD, Kim HS. Effects of a relaxation breathing exercise on fatigue in haemopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. J Clin Nurs. 2005 Jan;14(1):51-5.

[1363] http://altmedicine.about.com/od/acupressure/a/acupressure.htm

Cohen AJ, Menter A et al. Acupuncture: Role in Comprehensive Cancer Care–A Primer for the Oncologist and Review of the Literature. Integr Cancer Ther. 2005 Jun;4(2):131-43.

http://bit.ly/gPtMdm Journal of Clinical Oncology, online October 29, 2012.

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_130790.html

[1364] Brown JK, Byers T, et al. Nutrition and physical activity during and after cancer treatment: an American Cancer Society guide for informed choices. CA Cancer J Clin. 2003;53(5):268-91.

Courneya KS. Exercise in cancer survivors: an overview of research. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(11):1846-52.

Schwartz AL. Patterns of exercise and fatigue in physically active cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum 1998; 25(3):485-91.

Schwartz AL. Exercise and weight gain in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cancer Pract 2000; 8(5):231-7.

Milne, H.M., Wallman, K.E., Gordon, S.& Courneya, K.S. (2008) Effects of a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 108(2):279-88.

Windsor PM, Nicol KF, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of aerobic exercise for treatment-related fatigue in men receiving radical external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 2004;101(3):550-7.

[1365] Mustian KM, Katula JA, Gill DL. Exercise: Complementary therapy for breast cancer rehabilitation. Women & Therapy, 2002; 25 (2):105-118

Mustian KM, Katula JA, Roscoe J, Morrow G. The influence of Tai Chi and Support Therapy on fatigue and quality of life in women with breast cancer. 2004 ASCO Annual Meeting. Abstract No: 8143.

Mustian KM, Katula JA, Zhao H. A pilot study to assess the influence of tai chi chuan on functional capacity in breast cancer patients. J Support Oncol 2006; 4(3):139-45.

[1366] Mock V, Dow KH, et al. Effects of exercise on fatigue, physical functioning, and emotional distress during radiation therapy for breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1997;24(6):991-1000.

[1367] Casadesus G, Shukitt-Hale B, Stellwagen HM, et al. Modulation of hippocampal plasticity and cognitive behavior by short-term blueberry supplementation in aged rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Oct;7(5-6):309-16.

Bickford PC, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph J. Effects of aging on cerebellar noradrenergic function and motor learning: nutritional interventions. Mech Ageing Dev. 1999 Nov;111(2-3):141-54.

[1368] Sygeplejersken 2012 ; (4) : 81-89. http://www.dsr.dk/Sygeplejersken/Sider/SY-2012-04-81-1-Kemohjerne-eller-ej.aspx

[1369] http://www.webmd.com/brain/memory-loss

[1370] Kristin M. Phillips, Heather S. Jim, Brent J. Small, Christine Laronga, Michael A. Andrykowski, Paul B. Jacobsen. Cognitive functioning after cancer treatment. Cancer, 2011; DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26432

Wiley-Blackwell. “Breast cancer survivors struggle with cognitive problems several years after treatment.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 12 December 2011.< www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/12/111212093738.htm>.

[1371] Lourida I, Soni M, Thompson-Coon J, Purandare N, Lang IA, Ukoumunne OC, Llewellyn DJ. “Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: a systematic review.” Epidemiology. 2013 Jul;24(4):479-89.

http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Research/Mediterranean-diet-may-have-cognitive-benefits-review-finds/

[1372] Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with age-related cognitive change. Neurology. 2006 Oct 24;67(8):1370-6.

[1373] Aging (Milano). 1993 Apr;5(2):123-33.

[1374] Letenneur L, Proust-Lima C, Le GA, Dartigues JF, Barberger-Gateau P. Flavonoid intake and cognitive decline over a 10-year period. Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Jun 15;165(12):1364-71.

[1375] http://www.lef.org/newsletter/2010/0824_Berries-protect-the-brain-in-several-ways.htm?source=search&key=blueberry

[1376] Protective effects of a catechin-rich extract on the hippocampal formation and spatial memory in aging rats. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23473881

Commenges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P, Dartigues JF. Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia. Eur J Epidemiol. 2000;16:357-63.

Kakuda T. Neuroprotective effects of the green tea components theanine and catechins.Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Dec;25(12):1513-8.

[1377] Unno K, Takabayashi F, Kishido T, Oku N. Suppressive effect of green tea catechins on morphologic and functional regression of the brain in aged mice with accelerated senes- cence (SAMP10) Exp. Gerontol. 2004 Jul;39(7):1027-34. http://www.naturli.dk/helsenyt/10362-gron-te-et-sundt-valg

Xu Y, Zhang JJ, Xiong L, Zhang L, Sun D, Liu H. Green tea polyphenols inhibit cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via modulating oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem. 2010 Aug;21(8):741-8

[1378] Nobre AC, Rao A, Owen GN. L-theanine, a natural constituent in tea, and its effect on mental state. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17 Suppl 1:167-8

[1379] Dimpfel W, Kler A, Kriesl E, Lehnfeld R. Theogallin and L-theanine as active ingredients in decaffeinated green tea extract: I. electrophysiological characterization in the rat hippocampus in-vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2007 Aug;59(8):1131-6.

[1380] Yin C, Gou L, Liu Y, et al. Antidepressant-like effects of L-theanine in the forced swim and tail suspension tests in mice. Phytother Res. 2011 Nov;25(11):1636-9.

Lu K, Gray MA, Oliver C, et al. The acute effects of L-theanine in comparison with alprazolam on anticipatory anxiety in humans. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004 Oct;19(7):457-65.

Heese T, Jenkinson J, Love C, et al. Anxiolytic effects of L-theanine–a component of green tea–when combined with midazolam, in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. AANA J. 2009 Dec;77(6):445-9.

[1381] Heese T, Jenkinson J, Love C, et al. Anxiolytic effects of L-theanine–a component of green tea–when combined with midazolam, in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. AANA J. 2009 Dec;77(6):445-9.

[1382] http://consciouslifenews.com/green-tea-benefits-memory/1172515/

[1383] Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Milne AL, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB. The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood. Biol Psychol. 2008 Feb;77(2):113-22.

Owen GN, Parnell H, De Bruin EA, Rycroft JA. The combined effects of L-theanine and caffeine on cognitive performance and mood. Nutr Neurosci. 2008 Aug;11(4):193-8.

Einother SJ, Martens VE, Rycroft JA, De Bruin EA. L-theanine and caffeine improve task switching but not intersensory attention or subjective alertness. Appetite. 2010 Apr;54(2):406-9.

Giesbrecht T, Rycroft JA, Rowson MJ, De Bruin EA. The combination of L-theanine and caffeine improves cognitive performance and increases subjective alertness. Nutr Neurosci. 2010 Dec;13(6):283-90.

[1384] Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NT, Perry EK, Wesnes KA. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002 Jul;72(4):953-64.

[1385] http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/herbaldrugs/101690.shtml

[1386] Ehlenfeldt MK, Prior RL. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations in fruit and leaf tissues of highbush blueberry. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 May;49(5):2222-7.

Bagchi D, Garg A, Krohn RL, et al. Protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins and selected antioxidants against TPA-induced hepatic and brain lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation, and peritoneal macrophage activation in mice. Gen Pharmacol. 1998 May;30(5):771-6.

Bagchi D, Ray SD, Patel D, Bagchi M. Protection against drug- and chemical-induced multiorgan toxicity by a novel IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2001;27(1):3-15.

Devi A, Jolitha AB, Ishii N. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) and antioxidant defense in the brain of adult rats. Med Sci Monit. 2006 Apr;12(4):BR124-9.

[1387] Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Casadesus G. Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):313S-6S.

[1388] Meydani M. Nutrition interventions in aging and age-associated disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001 Apr;928:226-35.

Bickford PC, Gould T, Briederick L, et al. Antioxidant-rich diets improve cerebellar physiology and motor learning in aged rats. Brain Res. 2000 Jun 2b;866(1-2):211-7.

Galli RL, Shukitt-Hale B, Youdim KA, Joseph JA.. Fruit polyphenolics and brain aging: nutritional interventions targeting age-related neuronal and behavioral deficits. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Apr;959:128-32.

[1389] Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Denisova NA, et al. Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplements. J Neurosci. 1999 Sep 15;19(18):8114-21.

[1390] Galli RL, Shukitt-Hale B, Youdim KA, Joseph JA.. Fruit polyphenolics and brain aging: nutritional interventions targeting age-related neuronal and behavioral deficits. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Apr;959:128-32.

Goyarzu P, Malin DH, Lau FC, et al. Blueberry supplemented diet: effects on object recognition memory and nuclear factor-kappa B levels in aged rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Apr;7(2):75-83.

Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Denisova NA, et al. Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. J Neurosci. 1999 Sep 15;19(18):8114-21.

Casadesus G, Shukitt-Hale B, Stellwagen HM, et al. Modulation of hippocampal plasticity and cognitive behavior by short-term blueberry supplementation in aged rats. Nutr Neurosci. 2004 Oct;7(5-6):309-16..

Ramirez MR, Izquierdo I, do Carmo Bassols RM, et al. Effect of lyophilised Vaccinium berries on memory, anxiety and locomotion in adult rats. Pharmacol Res. 2005 Dec;52(6):457-62.

[1391] Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Casadesus G. Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):313S-6S.

Andres-Lacueva C, Shukitt-Hale B, Galli RL, Jauregui O, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Joseph JA. Anthocyanins in aged blueberry-fed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory. Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Apr;8(2):111-20.

[1392] Wilms LC, Boots AW, de Boer VC, et al. Impact of multiple genetic polymorphisms on effects of a 4-week blueberry juice intervention on ex vivo induced lymphocytic DNA damage in human volunteers. Carcinogenesis. 2007 Aug;28(8):1800-6.

[1393] Prior RL, Gu L, Wu X, et al. Plasma antioxidant capacity changes following a meal as a measure of the ability of a food to alter in vivo antioxidant status. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Apr;26(2):170-81.

[1394] Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Casadesus G. Reversing the deleterious effects of aging on neuronal communication and behavior: beneficial properties of fruit polyphenolic compounds. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):313S-6S.

[1395] Shukitt-Hale B, Carey AN, Jenkins D, Rabin BM, Joseph JA. Beneficial effects of fruit extracts on neuronal function and behavior in a rodent model of accelerated aging. Neurobiol Aging. 2007 Aug;28(8):1187-94.

[1396] Eating more berries may reduce cognitive decline in the elderly: flavonoid-rich blueberries and strawberries offer most benefit. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2012 Aug;27(5):358.

[1397] Wang J, Santa-Maria I, Ho L, et al. Grape derived polyphenols attenuate tau neuropathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;22(2):653-61. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-101074.

Long J, Gao H, Sun L, Liu J, Zhao-Wilson X. Grape extract protects mitochondria from oxidative damage and improves locomotor dysfunction and extends lifespan in a Drosophila Parkinson’s disease model. Rejuvenation Res. 2009 Oct;12(5):321-31.

[1398] Br J Nutr 2010;103:730–4

http://www.bastyrcenter.org/content/view/1915/

[1399] Bookheimer SY¹, Renner BA, Ekstrom A.: Pomegranate juice augments memory and FMRI activity in middle-aged and older adults with mild memory complaints. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:946298. doi: 10.1155/2013/946298. Epub 2013 Jul 22.

[1400] http://www.lef.org/newsletter/2013/1105_Pomegranate-shows-promise-for-the-prevention-of-postoperative-cognitive-dysfunction.htm?source=search&key=pomegranate

[1401] Moussaieff A, Shein NA, Tsenter J, et al. Incensole acetate: a novel neuroprotective agent isolated from Boswellia carterii.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2008 Jul;28(7):1341-52.

[1402] Hosseini M, Hadjzadeh MA, Derakhshan M, et al. The beneficial effects of olibanum on memory deficit induced by hypothyroidism in adult rats tested in Morris water maze. Arch Pharm Res. 2010 Mar;33(3):463-8.

[1403] Mahmoudi A, Hosseini-Sharifabad A, Monsef-Esfahani HR, et al. Evaluation of systemic administration of Boswellia papyrifera extracts on spatial memory retention in male rats. J Nat Med. 2011 Jul;65(3-4):519-25.

[1404] Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2008 Jan-Mar; 11(1): 13–19. http://blog.lef.org/2014/03/can-curry-help-prevent-alzheimers.html

Aggarwal, Bharat B. and Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar. “Potential Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin, the Anti-inflammatory Agent, Against Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Metabolic, Autoimmune and Neoplastic Diseases.” The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Volume 41, Issue 1, January 2009, Pages 40-59. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2637808/

[1405] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jun 15;422(4):551-5.

J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008 Feb; 28(1): 110-3.

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2009 Sep;19(9):636-47

Hishikawa, Nozomi, Yoriko Takahashi, and U. K. Krishna. “Effects of turmeric on Alzheimer’s disease with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.” Ayu. 2012 Oct-Dec; 33(4): 499-504.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3665200/

[1406] Hucklenbroich, Joerg, Rebecca Klein, Bernd Neumaier, Rudolf Graf, Gereon Rudolf Fink, Michael Schroeter and Maria Adele Rueger.“Aromatic-turmerone induces neural stem cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.” Stem Cell Research and Therapy, 26 September 2014.www.stemcellres.com/content/5/4/100

BioMed Central. “Turmeric compound boosts regeneration of brain stem cells.” ScienceDaily, 25 September 2014. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/09/140925205819.htm

[1407] Grzanna R, Phan P, Polotsky A, Lindmark L, Frondoza CG. Ginger extract inhibits beta-amyloid peptide-induced cytokine and chemokine expression in cultured THP-1 monocytes. J Altern Complement Med. 2004 Dec;10(6):1009-13.

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:383062

[1408] http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/id/QAA364826

http://www.life-enhancement.com/magazine/article/612-bacopa-enhances-memory-and-cognitive-functions

Kongkeaw C, Dilokthornsakul P, Thanarangsarit P et al.: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;151(1):528-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Nov 16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24252493

Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, et al.: The cognitive-enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: a systematic review of randomized, controlled human clinical trials. J Altern Complement Med. 2012 Jul;18(7):647-52. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0367. Epub 2012 Jul 2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747190

[1409] Roodenrys S¹, Booth D, Bulzomi S, Phipps A, Micallef C, Smoker J.: Chronic effects of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) on human memory. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 Aug;27(2):279-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12093601

Neale C¹, Camfield D, Reay J, Stough C, Scholey A.: Cognitive effects of two nutraceuticals Ginseng and Bacopa benchmarked against modafinil: a review and comparison of effect sizes.

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Mar;75(3):728-37. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12002.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23043278

[1410] Peth-Nui T¹, Wattanathorn J, Muchimapura S. et al.: Effects of 12-Week Bacopa monnieri Consumption on Attention, Cognitive Processing, Working Memory, and Functions of Both Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems in Healthy Elderly Volunteers. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:606424. doi: 10.1155/2012/606424. Epub 2012 Dec 18.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23320031

Pase MP, Kean J, Sarris J, Neale C, Scholey AB, Stough C.: The cognitive-enhancing effects of Bacopa monnieri: a systematic review of randomized, controlled human clinical trials.

J Altern Complement Med. 2012 Jul;18(7):647-52. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0367. Epub 2012 Jul 2.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22747190

[1411] http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail236.php

[1412] http://www.brainpower.org/research/gotu-kola.html

Shinomol GK¹, Muralidhara, Bharath MM.: Exploring the role of “Brahmi” (Bocopa monnieri and Centella asiatica) in brain function and therapy. Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov. 2011 Jan;5(1):33-49. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22074576

[1413] Michael Ravensthorpe: Brain-boosting herbs for better memory

http://www.naturalnews.com/046951_memory_cognitive_conditions_brain_herbs.html?utm_content=buffer1dda4&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer

[1414] Nat Neurosci. 2014 Dec;17(12):1798-803.

[1415] Available at: Available at:http://newsroom.cumc.columbia.edu/blog/2014/10/26/flavanols-memory-decline/. December 9, 2014. http://blog.lef.org/2015/02/chocolate-fights-memory-loss.html

[1416] Li MH, Jang JH, Sun B, Surh YJ. Protective effects of oligomers of grape seed polyphenols against beta-amyloid-induced oxidative cell death. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1030:317-29.

[1417] Shi J, Yu J, Pohorly JE, Kakuda Y. Polyphenolics in grape seeds-biochemistry and functionality. J Med Food. 2003;6(4):291-9.

[1418] Li MH, Jang JH, Sun B, Surh YJ. Protective effects of oligomers of grape seed polyphenols against beta-amyloid-induced oxidative cell death. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004 Dec;1030:317-29.

Balu M, Sangeetha P, Murali G, Panneerselvam C. Modulatory role of grape seed extract on age-related oxidative DNA damage in central nervous system of rats. Brain Res Bull. 2006 Feb 15;68(6):469-73.

[1419] Mario G. Ferruzzi, Jessica K. Lobo, Elsa M. Janle, Naomi Whittaker, Bruce Cooper, James E. Simon, Qing-Li Wu, Cara Welch, Lap Ho, Connie Weaver and Giulio M. Pasinetti. Bioavailability of Gallic Acid and Catechins from Grape Seed Polyphenol Extract is Improved by Repeated Dosing in Rate: Implications for Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 2009 September Volume 18, Number 1. Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. http://www.wellnessresources.com/health/articles/consistent_intake_of_grape_seed_extract_is_best_for_your_brain/

http://www.wellnessresources.com/studies/brain_bioavailability_of_grape_seed_polyphenols/

[1420] http://expertscolumn.com/content/10-ayurvedic-herbs-memory

http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/ginkgo-biloba-000247.html

[1421] Smith JV, Luo Y. Studies on molecular mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba extract. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 May;64(4):465-72.

[1422] Blumenthal M, ed. The ABC Clinical Guide to Herbs. Austin, TX: American Botanical Council; 2003
Davies JA, Johns L, Jones FA. Effects of bilobalide on cerebral amino acid neuro-transmission. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2003 Jun;36 Suppl 1S84-8.

[1423] Auguet M, Delaflotte S, Hellegouarch A, Clostre F. Pharmacological bases of the vascular impact of Ginkgo biloba extract. Presse Med. 1986 Sep 25;15(31):1524-28.

[1424] Yoshikawa T, Naito Y, Kondo M. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract: review of biological actions and clinical applications. Antioxid Redox Signal. 1999;1(4):469-80.

[1425] Cieza A, Maier P, Poppel E. Effects of Gink- go biloba on mental functioning in healthy volunteers. Arch Med Res. 2003 Sep;34(5):373-81.

[1426] Trick L, Boyle J, Hindmarch I. The effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (LI 1370) supplementation and discontinuation on activities of daily living and mood in free living older volunteers. Phytother Res. 2004 Jul;18(7):531-7.

[1427] http://www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail429.php

[1428] http://www.herbwisdom.com/herb-rhodiola.html

[1429] Mook-Jung I, Kim H, Fan W, et al. Neuroprotective effects of constituents of the oriental crude drugs, Rhodiola sacra, R. sachalinensis and Tokaku-joki-to, against beta-amyloid toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Aug;25(8):1101-4.

Zhang L, Yu H, Sun Y, et al. Protective effects of salidroside on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 14;564(1-3):18-25.

Chen X, Zhang Q, Cheng Q, Ding F. Protective effect of salidroside against H2O2-induced cell apoptosis in primary culture of rat hippocampal neurons. Mol Cell Biochem. 2009 Dec;332(1-2):85-93.

Bocharov EV, Ivanova-Smolenskaya IA, Poleshchuk VV, Kucheryanu VG, Il’enko VA, Bocharova OA. Therapeutic efficacy of the neuroprotective plant adaptogen in neurodegenerative disease (Parkinson’s disease as an example). Bull Exp Biol Med. 2010 Nov;149(6):682-4.

Zhang L, Yu H, Zhao X, et al. Neuroprotective effects of salidroside against beta-amyloid-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Neurochem Int. 2010 Nov;57(5):547-55.

[1430] Zhang L, Yu H, Sun Y, et al. Protective effects of salidroside on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 14;564(1-3):18-25.

Zhang WS, Zhu LQ, Niu FL, Deng RC, Ma CX. Protective effects of salidroside on injury induced by hypoxia/hypoglycemia in cultured neurons. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2004 May;29(5):459-62.

[1431] Qin YJ, Zeng YS, Zhou CC, Li Y, Zhong ZQ. Effects of Rhodiola rosea on level of 5-hydroxytryptamine, cell proliferation and differentiation, and number of neuron in cerebral hippocampus of rats with depression induced by chronic mild stress. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2008 Dec;33(23):2842-6.

Chen QG, Zeng YS, Qu ZQ, et al. The effects of Rhodiola rosea extract on 5-HT level, cell proliferation and quantity of neurons at cerebral hippocampus of depressive rats. Phytomedicine. 2009 Sep;16(9):830-8.

[1432] Panossian A, Wagner H. Stimulating effect of adaptogens: an overview with particular reference to their efficacy following single dose administration. Phytother Res. 2005 Oct;19(10):819-38.

Walker TB, Robergs RA. Does Rhodiola rosea possess ergogenic properties? Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Jun;16(3):305-15.

Hung SK, Perry R, Ernst E. The effectiveness and efficacy of Rhodiola rosea L.: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Phytomedicine. 2011 Feb 15;18(4):235-44.

[1433] Schutgens FW, Neogi P, van Wijk EP, van Wijk R, Wikman G, Wiegant FA. The influence of adaptogens on ultraweak biophoton emission: a pilot-experiment. Phytother Res. 2009 Aug;23(8):1103-8.

Shevtsov VA, Zholus BI, Shervarly VI, et al. A randomized trial of two different doses of a SHR-5 Rhodiola rosea extract versus placebo and control of capacity for mental work. Phytomedicine. 2003 Mar;10(2-3):95-105.

Spasov AA, Mandrikov VB, Mironova IA. The effect of the preparation rodakson on the psychophysiological and physical adaptation of students to an academic load. Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2000 Jan-Feb;63(1):76-8.

Aslanyan G, Amroyan E, Gabrielyan E, Nylander M, Wikman G, Panossian A. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study of single dose effects of ADAPT-232 on cognitive functions. Phytomedicine. 2010 Jun;17(7):494-9.

[1434] Ha Z, Zhu Y, Zhang X, et al. The effect of rhodiola and acetazolamide on the sleep architecture and blood oxygen saturation in men living at high altitude. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2002 Sep;25(9):527-30.

[1435] Brown R, Gerbarg P, Ramazanov Z. Rhodiola rosea: A Phytomedicinal Overview. Herbalgram. 2002;56:40-52.

[1436] Darbinyan V, Kteyan A, Panossian A, et al. Rhodiola rosea in stress induced fatigue—a double blind cross-over study of a standardized extract SHR-5 with a repeated low-dose regimen on the mental performance of healthy physicians during night duty. Phytomedicine. 2000 Oct;7(5):365-71.

[1437] Brown R, Gerbarg P, Ramazanov Z. Rhodiola rosea: A Phytomedicinal Overview. Herbalgram. 2002;56:40-52.

[1438] Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Pushpangadan P. Antioxidant approach to disease management and the role of ‘Rasayana’ herbs of Ayurveda. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jun 3;99(2):165-78. Epub 2005 Apr 26.

[No authors listed] Monograph. Withania somnifera. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Jun;9(2):211-4.

[1439] Jain S, Shukla SD, Sharma K, Bhatnagar M. Neuroprotective effects of Withania somnifera Dunn. in hippocampal sub-regions of female albino rat. Phytother Res. 2001 Sep;15(6):544-8.

[1440] Tohda C, Kuboyama T, Komatsu K. Search for natural products related to regeneration of the neuronal network. Neurosignals. 2005;14(1-2):34-45.

[1441] Bhattacharya SK, Satyan KS, Ghosal S. Antioxidant activity of glycowithanolides from Withania somnifera. Indian J Exp Biol. 1997 Mar;35(3):236-9.

[1442] Bhattacharya SK, Muruganandam AV. Adaptogenic activity of Withania somnifera: an experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jun;75(3):547-55.

[1443] Parihar MS, Chaudhary M, Shetty R, Hemnani T. Susceptibility of hippocampus and cerebral cortex to oxidative damage in streptozotocin treated mice: prevention by extracts of Withania somnifera and Aloe vera. J Clin Neurosci. 2004 May;11(4):397-402.

[1444] Choudhary MI, Yousuf S, Nawaz SA, Ahmed S, Atta uR. Cholinesterase inhibiting withanolides from Withania somnifera. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2004 Nov;52(11):1358-61.

Dhuley JN. Nootropic-like effect of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) in mice. Phytother Res. 2001 Sep;15(6):524-8.

Chaudhary G, Sharma U, Jagannathan NR, Gupta YK. Evaluation of Withania somnifera in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2003 May;30(5-6):399-404.

[1445] J Neurosurg Sci. 2014 Mar 28. [Epub ahead of print]. http://blog.lef.org/2014/10/pine-bark-boosts-brain-power.html

[1446] http://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=84024-pycnogenol-memory-oxidation .April 30, 2008.

[1447] Witte AV, Kerti L, Margulies DS, Floel A. “Effects of resveratrol on memory performance, hippocampal functional connectivity, and glucose metabolism in healthy older adults.” J Neurosci. 2014 Jun 4;34(23):7862-70. http://www.worldhealth.net/news/resveratrol-helps-memory/

[1448] http://naturalsociety.com/rosemary-benefits-memory-booster-powerful-antioxidant/

[1449] Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Aeschbach R, Loligers J. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of active rosemary constituents: carnosol and carnosic acid. Xenobiotica. 1992 Feb;22(2):257-68.

http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2009/mar2009_Preserving-Cognitive-Function-with-Aging_02.htm?source=search&key=ginger

http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/rosemary-000271.htm

[1450] Haraguchi H, Saito T, Okamura N, Yagi A. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and superoxide generation by diterpenoids from Rosmarinus officinalis. Planta Med. 1995 Aug;61(4):333-6.

[1451] Slamenova D, Kuboskova K, Horvathova E, Robichova S. Rosemary-stimulated reduction of DNA strand breaks and FPG-sensitive sites in mammalian cells treated with H2O2 or visible light-excited Methylene Blue. Cancer Lett. 2002 Mar 28;177(2):145-53.

[1452] Moss M, Cook J, Wesnes K, Duckett P. Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healthy adults. Int J Neurosci. 2003 Jan;113(1):15-38.

[1453]http://www.lef.org/whatshot/2013_11.htm?utm_source=eNewsletter_000&utm_medium=email&utm_term=WhatsHot&utm_content=Header&utm_campaign=2013Wk47-1&l=0#Trial-finds-reduced-inflammation

[1454] http://zeenews.india.com
www.herbal-essences.org
http://roberttisserand.com/2013/04/new-rosemary-memory-research/

http://www.naturalnews.com/040206_rosemary_memory_brain_health.html

[1455] Sage herb ‘can boost memory’ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3189635.stm

[1456] Mark A Reger, Samuel T Henderson, Cathy Hale, Brenna Cholerton, Laura D Baker, G S Watson, Karen Hyde,

Darla Chapman, Suzanne Craft. Effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults. Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Mar;25(3):311-4. PMID: 15123336. http://themindunleashed.org/2014/09/fats-found-coconut-oil-boost-brain-function-one-dose.html

[1457] Medium chain triglycerides. Alt Med Rev 2002, 7:418-420

[1458] Yehuda S, Rabinovtz S, Carasso RL, Mostofsky DI. Essential fatty acids preparation (SR-3)
improves Alzheimer’s patients quality of life. Int J Neurosci.
1996 Nov;87(3-4):141-9.

Morris MC, Evans DA, Tangney CC, Bienias JL, Wilson RS. Fish consumption and cognitive decline with age in a large community study. Arch Neurol.2005 Dec;62(12):1849-53.

[1459] Horrocks LA, Yeo YK. Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Pharmacol Res. 1999 Sep;40(3):211-25.

[1460] Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Consumption of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003 Jul;60(7):940-6.

[1461] McCann JC, Ames BN. Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for development of normal brain function? An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and animals. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):281-95.

[1462] Stillwell W, Ehringer W, Jenski LJ. Docosahexaenoic acid increases permeability of lipid vesicles and tumor cells. Lipids. 1993 Feb;28(2):103-8.

[1463] Brown ER, Subbaiah PV. Differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on human skin fibroblasts. Lipids. 1994 Dec;29(12):825-9.

[1464] Zerouga M, Jenski LJ, Stillwell W. Comparison of phosphatidylcholines containing one or two docosahexaenoic acyl chains on properties of phospholipid monolayers and bilayers. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Jun 14;1236(2):266-72.

[1465] Neuringer M, Connor WE. omega-3 fatty acids in the brain and retina: evidence for their essentiality. Nutr Rev. 1986 Sep;44(9):285-94.

Sugimoto Y, Taga C, Nishiga M, et al. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid-fortified Chlorella vulgaris strain CK22 on
the radial maze performance in aged mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Aug;25(8):1090-2.

Gamoh S, Hashimoto M, Sugioka K, et al. Chronic administration of docosahexaenoic acid improves reference memory-related learning ability in young rats. Neuroscience. 1999;93(1):237-41.

Greiner RS, Moriguchi T, Hutton A, Slotnick BM, Salem N, Jr. Rats with low levels of brain docosahexaenoic acid show impaired performance in olfactory-based and spatial learning tasks. Lipids. 1999;34 SupplS239-43.

Lim SY, Suzuki H. Intakes of dietary docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester and egg phosphatidylcholine improve maze-learning ability in young and old mice. J Nutr. 2000 Jun;130(6):1629-32.

Lim S, Suzuki H. Changes in maze behavior of mice occur after sufficient accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid in brain. J Nutr. 2001 Feb;131(2):319-24.

Gamoh S, Hashimoto M, Hossain S, Masumura S. Chronic administration of docosahexaenoic acid improves the performance of radial arm maze task in aged rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2001 Apr;28(4):266-70.

[1466] Unpublished data, Enzymotec Ltd, Israel.

Kim HY, Bigelow J, Kevala JH. Substrate preference in phosphatidylserine biosynthesis for docosahexaenoic acid containing species. Biochemistry. 2004 Feb 3;43(4):1030-6.

[1467] Victoria J. Drake, Ph.D.: Micronutrients and cognitive function. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/ss11/cognitive.html

[1468] J Nutr. 2012 Jun 27. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22739363

[1469] Int J Geriatr Psych. 2011 Aug;26(8):876-877.

[1470] Erickson KI, Voss MW, Prakash RS, et al. Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Feb 15;108(7):3017-22.

[1471] Davenport MH, Hogan DB, Eskes GA, Longman RS, Poulin MJ. Cerebrovascular reserve: the link between fitness and cognitive function? Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2012 Jul;40(3):153-8.

[1472] http://www.blockmd.com/blog/conquering-the-number-one-cause-of-cancer-related-deathcancer-and-its-treatments-can-suppress-the-im

[1473] Duan P, Wang ZM. [Clinical study on effect of Astragalus in efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing of chemotherapy in patients of malignant tumor]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2002 Jul;22(7):515-7. Chinese.

[1474] Davis L, Kuttan G. Immunomodulatory activity of Withania somnifera. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000 Jul;71(1-2):193-200.

[1475] Gupta YK, Sharma SS, Rai K, Katiyar CK. Reversal of paclitaxel induced neutropenia by Withania somnifera in mice. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;45(2):253-7.

[1476] Kormosh N, Laktionov K, Antoshechkina M. Effect of a combination of extract from several plants on cell-mediated and humoral immunity of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Phytother Res. 2006 May;20(5):424-5.

[1477] Choi EH, Ok HE, Yoon Y, Magnuson BA, Kim MK, Chun HS. Protective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) against myelotoxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil. Biofactors. 2007;29(1):55-65.

[1478] Choi EH, Park JH, Kim MK, Chun HS. Alleviation of doxorubicin-induced toxicities by anthocyanin-rich bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract in rats and mice. Biofactors. 2010 Jul-Aug;36(4):319-27.

[1479] Lissoni P, Barni S, Mandala M, et al. Decreased toxicity and increased efficacy of cancer chemotherapy using the pineal hormone melatonin in metastatic solid tumour patients with poor clinical status. Eur J Cancer. 1999 Nov;35(12):168892

Maestroni GJ, Conti A, Lissoni P. Colony-stimulating activity and hematopoietic rescue from cancer chemotherapy compounds are induced by melatonin via endogenous interleukin 4. Cancer Res. 1994b Sep 1;54(17):4740-3.

Maestroni GJ, Covacci V, Conti A. Hematopoietic rescue via T-cell-dependent, endogenous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induced by the pineal neurohormone melatonin in tumor-bearing mice. Cancer Res. 1994a May 1;54(9):2429-32.

Maestroni GJ. kappa-Opioid receptors in marrow stroma mediate the hematopoietic effects of melatonin-induced opioid cytokines. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 May 1;840:411-9.

J Pineal Res. 2012 Jul 17 (doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2012.01030.x.). [nk2]

J Pineal Res. 2006 Sep;41(2):130-5.

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2012 May;69(5):1213-20

[1480] Lissoni P. Is there a role for melatonin in supportive care? Support Care Cancer. 2002 Mar;10(2):110-6.

[1481] Lissoni P, Paolorossi F, Ardizzoia A, et al. A randomized study of chemotherapy with cisplatin plus etoposide versus chemoendocrine therapy with cisplatin, etoposide and the pineal hormone melatonin as a first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients in a poor clinical state. J Pineal Res. 1997a Aug;23(1):15-9.

Lissoni P, Tancini G, Barni S, et al. Treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced toxicity with the pineal hormone melatonin. Support Care Cancer. 1997b Mar;5(2):126-9.

[1482] Mego M, Ebringer L et al. Prevention of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients by probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M-74. Pilot study phase I. Neoplasma. 2005;52(2):159-64.

[1483] Samuels AJBHRSSB. Increased alpha 1 antitrypsin, decreased systemic fibrinolysis, hypercoaguable state and increased fibrin split products in patients with lung cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1975;(16):238.

[1484] De Maat, MP. Effect of diet, drugs and genes on plasma fibrinogen levels. Ann NY Acad Sci 2001; 936:509-21.

Ernst E, Matrai A, Siepmann P, Schmid A. Blood rheology of former and active athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1987; 27:373-375

Ernst E. Influence of regular physical activity on blood rheology. Eur Heart J 1987; 8 Suppl G:59-62

Neuhaus D, Gaehtgens P. Haemorrheology and long term exercise. Sports Med 1994; 18:10-21

Koenig W, Sund M, Doring A, Ernst E. Leisure-time physical activity but not work-related physical activity is associated with decreased plasma viscosity. Results from a large population sample [see comments]. Circulation 1997; 95:335-341

Brun JF, Khaled S, Raynaud E, Bouix D, Micallef JP, Orsetti A. The triphasic effects of exercise on blood rheology: which relevance to physiology and pathophysiology? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 1998; 19:89-104. Block s. 161

[1485] Jänicke, C., Grünwald, J., Brendler, T., 2003. HandbuchPhytotherapie. WissenschaftlicheVerlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart.

Somova LI, Shode FO, Ramnanan P, Nadar A. Antihypertensive, antiatherosclerotic and antioxidant activity of triterpenoids isolated from Oleaeuropaea, subspecies africana leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2003 Feb.;84(2-3):299–305.

Perrinjaquet-Moccetti T, Busjahn A, Schmidlin C, Schmidt A, Bradl B, Aydogan C. Food supplementation with an olive (Oleaeuropaea L.) leaf extract reduces blood pressure in borderline hypertensive monozygotic twins. Phytother Res 2008 Sep.;22(9):1239–1242.

[1486] Bogani, P., Galli, C., Villa, M., and Visioli, F. (2007). Postprandial anti- inflammatory and antioxidant effects of extra virgin olive oil. Atherosclerosis, 190:181–186.

Visioli, F., Caruso, D., Grande, S., et al. Virgin Olive Oil Study (VOLOS): vasoprotective potential of extra virgin olive oil in mildly dyslipidemic patients. European Journal of Nutrition, 2005;44:121–127.

[1487] Correa JAG, López-Villodres JA, Asensi R, et al. Virgin olive oil polyphenol hydroxytyrosol acetate inhibits in vitro platelet aggregation in human whole blood: comparison with hydroxytyrosol and acetylsalicylic acid. Br J Nutr. 2009;101(8):1157–1164.

Léger CL, Carbonneau MA, Michel F, et al. A thromboxane effect of a hydroxytyrosol-rich olive oil wastewater extract in patients with uncomplicated type I diabetes. Eur J ClinNutr. 2005;59(5):727–730.

Junker R, Kratz M, Neufeld M, et al. Effects of diets containing olive oil, sunflower oil, or rapeseed oil on the hemostatic system. Thromb. Haemost. 2001;85(2):280–286.

[1488] Singh I, Mok M, Christensen A-M, Turner AH, Hawley JA. The effects of polyphenols in olive leaves on platelet function. NutrMetabCardiovasc Dis. 2008;18(2):127–132.

[1489] Zbidi H, Salido S, Altarejos J, et al. Olive tree wood phenolic compounds with human platelet antiaggregant properties. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 2009;42(3):279–285.

Granados-Principal S, Quiles JL, et al. Hydroxytyrosol: from laboratory investigations to future clinical trials. Nutr Rev. 2010;68(4):191–206.

[1490] Peters U, Poole C, Arab L. Does tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001;154(6):495–503.

[1491] Kang WS, Lim IH, Yuk DY, et al. Antithrombotic activities of green tea catechins and (-)-epigallocatechingallate. Thromb. Res. 1999;96(3):229–237.

[1492] Steptoe A, Gibson EL, Vuononvirta R, et al. The effects of chronic tea intake on platelet activation and inflammation: a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Atherosclerosis. 2007;193(2):277–282.

[1493] Pignatelli P, Pulcinelli FM, Celestini A, et al. The flavonoids quercetin and catechin synergistically inhibit platelet function by antagonizing the intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide. Am J ClinNutr. 2000;72(5):1150–1155.

[1494] Hubbard GP, Wolffram S, Lovegrove JA, Gibbins JM. Ingestion of quercetin inhibits platelet aggregation and essential components of the collagen-stimulated platelet activation pathway in humans. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2004;2(12):2138–2145.

[1495] Conquer JA, Maiani G, Azzini E, Raguzzini A, Holub BJ. Supplementation with quercetin markedly increases plasma quercetin concentration without effect on selected risk factors for heart disease in healthy subjects. J Nutr. 1998;128(3):593–597.

[1496] Hubbard GP, Wolffram S, de Vos R, et al. Ingestion of onion soup high in quercetin inhibits platelet aggregation and essential components of the collagen-stimulated platelet activation pathway in man: a pilot study. Br J Nutr. 2006;96(3):482–488.

[1497] Cheng TO. Cardiovascular effects of Danshen. Int. J. Cardiol. 2007;121(1):9–22.

Wu B, Liu M, Zhang S. Dan Shen agents for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(2):CD004295.

Fan HY, Fu FH, Yang MY, et al. Antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of salvianolic acid A. Thromb. Res. 2010;126(1):e17–22.

Huang ZS, Zeng CL, Zhu LJ, et al. Salvianolic acid A inhibits platelet activation and arterial thrombosis via inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J. Thromb. Haemost. 2010;8(6):1383–1393.

[1498] Vuksan V, Whitham D, SievenpiperJL, et al. Supplementation of conventional therapy with the novel grain Salba (Salvia hispanica L.) improves major and emerging cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(11):2804–2810.

[1499] Olas B, Wachowicz B. Resveratrol, a phenolic antioxidant with effects on blood platelet functions. Platelets. 2005;16(5):251–260.

Yang Y et al. Inhibitory effects of resveratrol on platelet activation induced by thromboxane a(2) receptor agonist in human platelets. Am J Chin Med. 2011;39(1):145-59.

Gresele P, Pignatelli P, Guglielmini G, et al. Resveratrol, at concentrations attainable with moderate wine consumption, stimulates human platelet nitric oxide production. Journal of Nutrition. 2008;138(9):1602–1608.

Malinowska J et al. Response of blood platelets to resveratrol during a model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Platelets. 2011;22(4):277-83.

[1500] Clouatre, D., Kandaswami, C and Connolly, KM. Grape Seed Extract. In Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements, 2nd Edition. P. M. Coates, J. M. Betz, M. R. Blackman et al. New York, NY, Informa Healthcare: 2010; 916.

Siva B, Edirisinghe I, Randolph J, Steinberg F. Effect of polyphenolics extracts of grape seeds (GSE) on blood pressure (BP) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). FASEB J 2006;20:A305.

Vitseva O, Varghese S, Chakrabarti S, Folts JD, Freedman JE. Grape seed and skin extracts inhibit platelet function and release of reactive oxygen intermediates. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2005;46(4):445–451.

Zhang Y et al. Antithrombotic effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract in a rat model of deep vein thrombosis. J Vasc Surg. 2011 Mar;53(3):743-53. Epub 2010 Nov 20.

Shanmuganayagam D, BeahmMR, Osman HE, et al. Grape seed and grape skin extracts elicit a greater antiplatelet effect when used in combination than when used individually in dogs and humans. J Nutr. 2002;132(12):3592–3598.

[1501] Shenoy SF, Keen CL, Kalgaonkar S, Polagruto JA. Effects of grape seed extract consumption on platelet function in postmenopausal women. Thromb. Res. 2007;121(3):431–432.

[1502] Polagruto JA, Gross HB, Kamangar F, et al. Platelet reactivity in male smokers following the acute consumption of a flavanol-rich grapeseed extract. J Med Food. 2007;10(4):725–730.

[1503] Engelhard YN, Gazer B, Paran E. Natural antioxidants from tomato extract reduce blood pressure in patients with grade-1 hypertension: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Am. Heart J. 2006 Jan.;151(1):100.

[1504] Ried K, Fakler P. Protective effect of lycopene on serum cholesterol and blood pressure: Meta-analyses of intervention trials. Maturitas 2011 Apr.;68(4):299-310.

[1505] Dutta-Roy AK, Crosbie L, Gordon MJ. Effects of tomato extract on human platelet aggregation in vitro. Platelets. 2001;12(4):218–227.

[1506] O’Kennedy N, Crosbie L, van Lieshout M, et al. Effects of antiplatelet components of tomato extract on platelet function in vitro and ex vivo: a time-course cannulation study in healthy humans. Am J ClinNutr. 2006a;84(3):570–579.

[1507] O’Kennedy N, Crosbie L, van Lieshout M, et al. Effects of antiplatelet components of tomato extract on platelet function in vitro and ex vivo: a time-course cannulation study in healthy humans. Am J ClinNutr. 2006a;84(3):570–579.

O’Kennedy N, Crosbie L, Whelan S, et al. Effects of tomato extract on platelet function: a double-blinded crossover study in healthy humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;84(3):561-9.

[1508] Aviram M, Dornfeld L. Pomegranate juice consumption inhibits serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity and reduces systolic blood pressure. Atherosclerosis 2001 Sep.;158(1):195–198.

Sumner MD, Elliott-Eller M, Weidner G, DaubenmierJJ, Chew MH, Marlin R, Raisin CJ, Ornish D. Effects of pomegranate juice consumption on myocardial perfusion in

patients with coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2005 Sep.;96(6):810–814.

[1509] Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Gaitini D, et al. Pomegranate juice consumption for 3 years by patients with carotid artery stenosis reduces common carotid intima-media thickness, blood pressure and LDL oxidation. ClinNutr 2004 Jun.;23(3):423–433.

[1510] Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Rosenblat M, et al. Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation: studies in humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Am J ClinNutr. 2000;71(5):1062–1076.

[1511] Polagruto JA et al. Effects of flavonoid-rich beverages on prostacyclin synthesis in humans and human aortic endothelial cells: association with ex vivo platelet function. J Med Food. 2003 Winter;6(4):301-8.

[1512] Ried K, Frank OR, Stocks NP, Fakler P, Sullivan T. Effect of garlic on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC CardiovascDisord 2008;8:13.

[1513] Rahman K, Lowe GM. Garlic and cardiovascular disease: a critical review. J Nutr. 2006;136(3 Suppl):736S–740S.

Rahman K. Effects of garlic on platelet biochemistry and physiology. MolNutr Food Res. 2007 Nov;51(11):1335-44.

[1514] Park JB et al. Effects of typheramide and alfrutamide found in Allium species on cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases. J Med Food. 2011 Mar;14(3):226-31.

[1515] Steiner M, Lin RS. Changes in platelet function and susceptibility of lipoproteins to oxidation associated with administration of aged garlic extract. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 1998;31(6):904–908.

[1516] Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on blood lipids, blood sugar, fibrinogen and fibrinolytic activity in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids. 1998;58(4):257–263.

[1517] Wojcikowski K, Myers S, Brooks L. Effects of garlic oil on platelet aggregation: a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Platelets. 2007;18(1):29–34.

[1518] Marik PE, Varon J. Omega-3 dietary supplements and the risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review. ClinCardiol 2009 Jul.;32(7):365-372.

[1519] McEwen B, Morel-Kopp M-C, Tofler G, Ward C. Effect of omega-3 fish oil on cardiovascular risk in diabetes. Diabetes Educ. 2010;36(4):565–584.

Nomura S, Kanazawa S, Fukuhara S. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on platelet activation markers and cell adhesion molecules in hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications. 2003;17:153-159

Mori TA, BeilinLJ, Burke V, Morris J, Ritchie J. Interactions between dietary fat, fish, and fish oils and their effects on platelet function in men at risk of cardiovascular disease. ArteriosclerThrombVasc Biol. 1997;17:279-286.

Vanschoonbeek K, Feijge MA, Paquay M, et al. Variable hypocoagulant effect of fish oil intake in humans: modulation of fibrinogen level and thrombin generation. ArteriosclerThrombVasc Biol. 2004;24:1734-1740.

Hartweg J, Farmer AJ, Holman RR, Neil A. Potential impact of omega-3 treatment on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2009;20(1):30–38.

[1520] Ahuja KD, Ball MJ. Effects of daily ingestion of chilli on serum lipoprotein oxidation in adult men and women. Br J Nutr 2006;96:239–42.

[1521] Wang JP, Hsu MF, Teng CM. Antiplatelet effect of capsaicin. Thromb. Res. 1984;36(6):497–507.

Visudhiphan S, Poolsuppasit S, Piboonnukarintr O, Tumliang S. The relationship between high fibrinolytic activity and daily capsicum ingestion in Thais. Am J ClinNutr. 1982;35(6):1452–1458.

Adams MJ, Ahuja KDK, Geraghty DP. Effect of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin on in vitro blood coagulation and platelet aggregation. Thromb. Res. 2009;124(6):721–723.

[1522] Srivas KC. Effects of aqueous extracts of onion, garlic and ginger on platelet aggregation and metabolism of arachidonic acid in the blood vascular system: in vitro study. Prostaglandins Leukot Med. 1984;13(2):227–235.

Chrubasik S, Pittler MH, Roufogalis BD. Zingiberisrhizoma: a comprehensive review on the ginger effect and efficacy profiles. Phytomedicine. 2005;12(9):684–701.

[1523] Srivastava KC. Effect of onion and ginger consumption on platelet thromboxane production in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids. 1989;35(3):183–185.

[1524] Verma SK, Singh J, Khamesra R, Bordia A. Effect of ginger on platelet aggregation in man. Indian J. Med. Res. 1993;98:240–242.

Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (ZingiberofficinaleRosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonellafoenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids. 1997;56(5):379–384.

[1525] Lumb AB. Effect of dried ginger on human platelet function. Thromb. Haemost. 1994;71(1):110–111.

[1526] Ramirez Boscá A, Soler A, Gutierrez MC. Antioxidant curcuma extracts decrease the blood lipid peroxide levels of human subjects. Age 1995;

Ramirez Boscá A, Carrión-Gutiérrez MA, et al. Effects of the antioxidant turmeric on lipoprotein peroxides: Implications for the prevention of atherosclerosis. Age 1997 Jul.;20(3):165-168.

Ramirez Boscá A, Soler A, Carrión-Gutiérrez MA, et al. An hydroalcoholic extract of Curcuma longa lowers the abnormally high values of human-plasma fibrinogen. Mech Ageing Dev 2000 Apr.;114(3):207-210.

Wongcharoen W, Phrommintikul A. The protective role of curcumin in cardiovascular diseases. Int. J. Cardiol. 2009 Apr.;133(2):145-151.

[1527] Vachharajani V et al. Curcumin modulates leukocyte and platelet adhesion in murine sepsis. Microcirculation. 2010 Aug;17(6):407-16.

Jantan I, Raweh SM, Sirat HM, et al. Inhibitory effect of compounds from Zingiberaceae species on human platelet aggregation. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(4):306–309.

[1528] Ramirez Boscá A, Soler A, Carrión-Gutiérrez MA, et al. An hydroalcoholic extract of Curcuma longa lowers the abnormally high values of human-plasma fibrinogen. Mech Ageing Dev 2000 Apr.;114(3):207-210.

[1529] Duggal JK, Singh M, Attri N, et al. Effect of niacin therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther. 2010 Jun.;15(2):158-166.

[1530] Morgan JM, Capuzzi DM, Baksh RI, et al. Effects of extended-release niacin on lipoprotein subclass distribution. Am J Cardiol 2003 Jun.;91(12):1432-1436.

[1531] Florentin M, Tselepis AD, Elisaf MS, et al. Effect of non-statin lipid lowering and anti-obesity drugs on LDLsubfractions in patients with mixed dyslipidaemia. CurrVascPharmacol 2010 Nov.;8(6):820-830.

[1532] Philipp CS, Cisar LA, Saidi P, Kostis JB. Effect of niacin supplementation on fibrinogen levels in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82(5):697–9, A9.

[1533] Johansson JO, Egberg N, Asplund-Carlson A, Carlson LA. Nicotinic acid treatment shifts the fibrinolytic balance favourably and decreases plasma fibrinogen in hypertriglyceridaemic men. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997;4(3):165–171.

[1534] Flylie, Knud T.: Vitaminrevolutionen. Bogklubben 12 Bøger 1998

[1535] Haidara MA et al. Impact of alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C on endothelial markers in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Med SciMonit. 2004 Feb;10(2):BR41-6.

[1536] WannametheeSG et al. Associations of vitamin C status, fruit and vegetable intakes, and markers of inflammation and hemostasis. Am J ClinNutr. 2006 Mar;83(3):567-74; quiz 726-7.

[1537] Khaw T et al. Interrelation of vitamin C, infection, haemostatic factors, and cardiovascular disease. BMJ. 1995 Jun 17;310(6994):1559-63.

[1538] Sharma CP et al. Influence of L-ascorbic acid, blood cells and components on protein adsorption/desorption on polycarbonate. Haemostasis. 1987;17(1-2):70-8.

[1539] Fujita M, Hong K, Ito Y, et al. Thrombolytic effect of nattokinase on a chemically induced thrombosis model in rat. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1995;18(10):1387–139.

[1540] Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Nicolaides AN, et al. Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with Flite Tabs: the LONFLIT-FLITE randomized, controlled trial. Angiology 2003 Aug.;54(5):531–539.

[1541] Kim JY, Gum SN, Paik JK, et al. Effects of nattokinase on blood pressure: a randomized, controlled trial. Hypertens. Res. 2008 Aug.;31(8):1583–1588.

[1542] Salem RO, Laposata M. Effects of alcohol on hemostasis. Am J Clin Path. 2005;12 Suppl:S96-105.

[1543] Clarkson JE, Worthington HV, et al. Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(3):CD000978.

Worthington HV, Clarkson JE, et al. Interventions for treating oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD001973.

[1544] Biswal BM, Zakaria A, et al. Topical application of honey in the management of radiation mucositis: a preliminary study. Support Care Cancer. 2003;11(4):242-8.

[1545] Henriksson R, Bergstrom P, et al. Aspects on reducing gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with radiotherapy. Acta Oncol. 1999;38(2):159-64.

Carl W, Emrich LS. Management of oral mucositis during local radiation and systemic chemotherapy: a study of 98 patients. J Prosthet Dent. 1991;66(3):361-9

[1546] _{Garcia MK, Chiang JS, Cohen L, Liu M, Palmer JL, Rosenthal DI, Wei Q, Tung S, Wang C, Rahlfs T, Chambers MS. “Acupuncture for radiation-induced xerostomia in patients with cancer: a pilot study.” Head Neck. 2009 31(10):1360-8}_.http://altmedicine.about.com/od/cance1/a/acupuncture_cancer.htm

[1547] Volkov, I., Rudoy, I., Freud, T. et al.: Effectiveness of vitamin B12 in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Board Fam Med. 2009 Jan-Feb; 22 (1): 9-16

[1548] Asian Biomedicine. 2009 August; 3(4): 375-382.

http://blog.lef.org/2014/01/can-supplements-reduce-cancer-side.html

[1549] http://jocpr.com/vol4-iss1-2012/JCPR-2012-4-1-209-215.pdf. July 15, 2013.

[1550] Calif Med. 1949 January; 70(1): 10–15.

[1551] Eur J Med Res. 2006 Jan 31;11(1):20-6. http://blog.lef.org/2014/07/5-home-health-remedies-backed-by.html

[1552] Bylka W¹, Znajdek-Awiżeń P, Studzińska-Sroka E, Brzezińska M.: Centella asiatica in cosmetology. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013 Feb;30(1):46-9. doi: 10.5114/pdia.2013.33378. Epub 2013 Feb 20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24278045

[1553] Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Oct 8;(4):CD005083. PMID: 18843679.

[1554] IUBMB Life. 2012 Jan;64(1):48-55. doi: 10.1002/iub.578. Epub 2011 Nov 17.

[1555] Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 52 (4): 483-489. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200700282.

http://blog.lef.org/2012/04/health-remedies-that-actually-work.html

[1556] PLoS One. 2013; 8(2): e55898. http://blog.lef.org/2013/07/6-top-medicinal-foods-for-every-diet.html

[1557] Durak E. How exercise may help nutritionally. In: Cancer, Exercise, Wellness and Rehabilitation. Medical Health and Fitness: Santa Barbara, Ca. 1996; pp. 18-19

[1558] http://www.lef.org/protocols/gastrointestinal/constipation_01.htm

[1559] Brownie S. Why are elderly individuals at risk of nutritional deficiency? Int J Nurs Pract. 2006 Apr;12(2):110-18.

[1560] Pirlich M, Lochs H. Nutrition in the elderly. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2001 Dec;15(6):869-84.

Guslandi M, Pellegrini A, Sorghi M. Gastric mucosal defences in the elderly. Gerontology. 1999 Jul;45(4):206-8.

Hurwitz A, Brady DA, Schaal SE, et al. Gastric acidity in older adults. JAMA. 1997 Aug 27;278(8):659-62.

[1561] Chapman IM. The anorexia of aging. Clin Geriatr Med. 2007 Nov;23(4):735-56.

Baker H. Nutrition in the elderly: hypovitaminosis and its implications. Geriatrics. 2007 Aug;62(8):22-6.

Girodon F, Galan P, Monget AL, et al. Impact of trace elements and vitamin supplementation on immunity and infections in institu-tionalized elderly
patients: a randomized controlled trial. MIN. VIT. AOX. geriatric network. Arch Intern Med. 1999 Apr 12;159(7):748-54.

Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH. Contribution of selected vitamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab. 2007;51(4):301-23.

[1562] Kamenicek V, Holan P, Franek P. Systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment and prevention of post-traumatic and postoperative swelling.
Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2001;68(1):45-9.

Leipner J, Saller R. Systemic enzyme therapy in oncology: effect and mode of action. Drugs. 2000 Apr;59(4):769-80.

[1563] Novak JF, Trnka F. Proenzyme therapy of cancer. Anticancer Res. 2005 Mar;25(2A):1157-77.

Bonilla F, Mirete J, Cuesta A, Sillero C, Gonzalez M. Treatment of gastric phytobezoars with cellulase. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 1999 Dec;91(12):809-14.

[1564] http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-an-herbal-muscle-relaxant.htm

[1565] Neelakantan, N., Narayanan, M., de Souza, R.J., van Dam, R.M. – Effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) intake on glycemia: a meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Younesy, S., Amiraliakbari, S., Esmaeili, S., Alavimajd, H., Nouraei, S. – Effects of fenugreek seed on the severity and systemic symptoms of dysmenorrhea. radiodoktoren.dk

http://naturli.dk/helsenyt/11079-bukkehornsfro-mere-end-et-krydderi

[1566] http://www.livestrong.com/article/114258-natural-herbs-constipation/

http://www.livestrong.com/article/519490-fenugreek-and-constipation/

[1567] Chutkan R, Fahey G, Wright WL, McRorie J. Viscous versus nonviscous soluble fiber supplements: mechanisms and evidence for fiber-specific health benefits. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2012 Aug;24(8):476-87.

[1568] Kanauchi O, Iwanaga T, Andoh A, et al. Dietary fiber fraction of germinated barley foodstuff attenuated mucosal damage and diarrhea, and accelerated the repair of the colonic mucosa in an experimental colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001 Feb;16(2):160-8.

[1569] Kanauchi O, Iwanaga T, Andoh A, et al. Dietary fiber fraction of germinated barley foodstuff attenuated mucosal damage and diarrhea, and accelerated the repair of the colonic mucosa in an experimental colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001 Feb;16(2):160-8.

[1570] http://www.herbwisdom.com/herb-dandelion.html

[1571] http://www.henriettesherbal.com/faqs/medi-3-13-constipation.html

[1572] Haniadka R, Saldanha E, Sunita V, Palatty PL, Fayad R, Baliga MS.: A review of the gastroprotective effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).

Food Funct. 2013 Jun;4(6):845-55. doi: 10.1039/c3fo30337c. Epub 2013 Apr 24.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23612703

Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia

Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of ginger in gastrointestinal disorders.

Gastroprotective Effect of Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale) Extract: Role of Gallic Acid and Cinnamic Acid in H+, K+-ATPase/H. pylori Inhibition and Anti-Oxidative Mechanism

http://www.greenmedinfo.com/node/83545?page=2

[1573] World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2011; 17(1): 105–110

[1574] GreenMedInfo October 25, 2012

[1575] Grigoleit HG, Grigoleit P. Peppermint oil in irritable bowel syndrome. Phytomedicine. 2005 Aug;12(8):601-6.

[1576] http://www.livestrong.com/article/114258-natural-herbs-constipation/

http://ibs.about.com/od/constipation/bb/flaxseed.htm

[1577] http://www.livestrong.com/article/114258-natural-herbs-constipation/

http://www.henriettesherbal.com/faqs/medi-3-13-constipation.html

[1578] http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/ss14/proprebiotics.html Last updated May 2014

[1579] Anukam KC, Osazuwa EO, Osadolor HB, Bruce AW, Reid G. Yogurt containing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14 helps resolve moderate diarrhea and increases CD4 count in HIV/ AIDS patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2008; 42(3):239-243.

Fuccio L, Guido A, Eusebi LH, et al. Effects of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced diarrhea. J Clin Gastroenterol 2009;43(5):506-513.

[1580] Chapman CMC, Gibson GR, Rowland I. Health benefits of probiotics: are mixtures more effective than single strains? Eur J Nutr 2011;50:1-17.

[1581]Murray PR, Rosenthal KS , et al. Medical Microbiology . 3rd ed. St. Louis , Mo : Mosby; 1998.

[1582] Chandra RK. Nutritional regulation of immunity and risk of illness. Indian J Pediatr . 1989;56(5):607-11.

Chandra RK. Effect of vitamin and trace-element supplementation on immune responses and infection in elderly subjects. Lancet . 1992a;340(8828):1124-7.

[1583] Chandra RK. Impact of nutritional status and nutrient supplements on immune responses and incidence of infection in older individuals. Ageing Res Rev . 2004;3(1):91-104.

Chandra RK. Nutrition and the immune system from birth to old age. Eur J Clin Nutr . 2002;56(suppl 3):73-6.

[1584] Chandra RK. Impact of nutritional status and nutrient supplements on immune responses and incidence of infection in older individuals. Ageing Res Rev . 2004;3(1):91-104.

[1585] Hedlund J. Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: factors of importance for the short- and long-term prognosis. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl . 1995;97:1-60.

[1586] Balentine DA, Albano MC, et al. Role of medicinal plants, herbs, and spices in protecting human health. Nutr Rev . 1999;57(pt 2):41-5.

Craig W, Beck L. Phytochemicals: health protective effects. Can J Diet Pract Res . 1999a;60(2):78-84.

Craig WJ. Health-promoting properties of common herbs. Am J Clin Nutr . 1999b;70(suppl 3):491S-499S.

[1587] Craig W, Beck L. Phytochemicals: health protective effects. Can J Diet Pract Res . 1999a;60(2):78-84.

Craig WJ. Health-promoting properties of common herbs. Am J Clin Nutr . 1999b;70(suppl 3):491S-499S.

Lampe JW. Health effects of vegetables and fruit: assessing mechanisms of action in human experimental studies. Am J Clin Nutr . 1999;70(suppl 3):475S-490S.

[1588] Tsuda T, Horio F, Osawa T. Cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside suppresses nitric oxide production during a zymosan treatment in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2002 Aug;48(4):305-10.

[1589] Cavanagh HM, Hipwell M, Wilkinson JM. Antibacterial activity of berry fruits used for culinary purposes. J Med Food. 2003;6(1):57-61.

[1590] Prior RL, Wu X, Schaich K. Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 May 18;53(10): 4290-302.

[1591] Anthony JP, Fyfe L, Stewart D, McDougall GJ. Differential effectiveness of berry polyphenols as anti-giardial agents. Parasitology. 2011 Aug;138(9):1110-6.

[1592] González OA, Escamilla C, Danaher RJ, et al. Antibacterial effects of blackberry extract target periodontopathogens. J Periodontal Res. E pub 2012 Jul 19.

[1593] Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2001 Apr-Jun;12(2):290-6.

Zakay-Rones Z, Varsano N, Zlotnik M, et al. Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B Panama. J Altern Complement Med. 1995;1(4):361-9.

[1594] Roschek B Jr, Fink RC, McMichael MD, Li D, Alberte RS. Elderberry flavonoids bind to and prevent H1N1 infection in vitro. Phytochemistry. 2009 Jul;70(10):1255-61.

[1595] Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2001 Apr-Jun;12(2):290-6.

[1596] Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Russev V, Bojkova K, Belcheva A. Study of natural Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice for antibacterial and antiviral аctivity. Scr Sci Med. 2003;35:21-3.

[1597] Ren Z, Na L, Xu Y, Rozati M, Wang J, Xu J, Sun C, Vidal K, Wu D, Meydani SN. Dietary supplementation with lacto-wolfberry enhances the immune response and reduces pathogenesis to influenza infection in mice. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22739381

[1598] Ji LL, Wang Z, Dong F, Zhang WB, Wang ZT.Andrograpanin, a compound isolated from anti-inflammatory traditional Chinese medicine Andrographispaniculata, enhances chemokine SDF-1alpha-induced leukocytes chemotaxis. J Cell Biochem. 2005 Aug 1;95(5):970-8.

[1599] J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Jun 2;52(11):3309-12.

[1600] J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Nov;54(5):909-14. Epub 2004 Sep 29.

[1601] MMW Fortschr Med. 2007 Jun 28;149(27-28 Suppl):69-74.

[1602] J Altern Complement Med. 2001 Oct;7(5):523-7.

[1603] Marignani M, Angeletti S, et al. Acute infectious diarrhea. N Engl J Med . 2004;350(15):1576-7.

Marino M, Bersani C, et al. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. measured using a bioimpedometric method. J Food Prot . 1999 Sep;62(9):1017-23.

[1604] Faleiro L, Miguel G, et al. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils isolated from Thymbra capitata L (Car.) and Origanum vulgare L. J Agric Food Chem . 2005 Oct 19;53(21):8162-8.

[1605] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Oct 25;797:285-7.

[1606] Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009 Mar 15;128(1-3):60-6.

[1607] http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=109&STORY=/www/story/05-29-2008/0004822407&EDATE=.

[1608] Tzianabos A O, Cisneros R L. Prophylaxis with the immunomodulator PGG glucan enhances antibiotic efficacy in rats infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996;797:285–287

[1609] Kournikakis B, Mandeville R, Brousseau P, Ostroff G. Anthrax-protective effects of yeast beta 1,3 glucans. MedGenMed. 2003 Mar 21;5(1):1.

[1610] Kernodle DS, Gates H, Kaiser AB. Prophylactic anti-infective activity of poly-[1-6]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-[1-3]-beta-D-glucopryanose glucan in a guinea pig model of staphylococcal wound infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Mar;42(3):545-9.

Onderdonk AB, Cisneros RL, Hinkson P, Ostroff G. Anti-infective effect of poly-beta 1-6-glucotriosyl-beta 1-3-glucopyranose glucan in vivo. Infect Immun. 1992 Apr;60(4):1642-7.

Hetland G, Lovik M, Wiker HG. Protective effect of beta-glucan against mycobacterium bovis, BCG infection in BALB/c mice. Scand J Immunol. 1998 Jun;47(6):548-53.

[1611] Lusby PE , Coombes A, et al. Honey: a potent agent for wound healing? J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs . 2002;29(6):295-300.

Miorin PL, Levy Junior NC, et al. Antibacterial activity of honey and propolis from Apis mellifera and Tetragonisca angustula against Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol . 2003;95(5):913-20.

Molan PC. Re-introducing honey in the management of wounds and ulcers: theory and practice. Ostomy Wound Manage . 2002;48(11):28-40.

[1612] http://sund-forskning.dk/artikler/propolis/

[1613] Boyanova L, Derejian S, et al. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro by Bulgarian propolis: preliminary report. J Med Microbiol . 2003 May;52(pt 5):417-9.

Dobrowolski JW, Vohora SB, et al. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiamoebic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic studies on propolis bee products. J Ethnopharmacol . 1991;35(1):77-82.

Grange JM, Davey RW. Antibacterial properties of propolis (bee glue). J R Soc Med . 1990;83(3):159-60.

[1614] Engwerda CR, Andrew D, et al. Bromelain modulates T cell and B cell immune responses in vitro and in vivo. Cell Immunol. 2001 May 25;210(1):66-75.

[1615] Mynott TL, Guandalini S, et al. Bromelain prevents secretion caused by Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli enterotoxins in rabbit ileum in vitro. Gastroenterology. 1997 Jul;113(1):175-84.

Mynott TL, Luke RK, et al. Oral administration of protease inhibits enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli receptor activity in piglet small intestine. Gut. 1996 Jan;38(1):28-32.

[1616] Fleet JC. New support for a folk remedy: cranberry juice reduces bacteriuria and pyuria in elderly women. Nutr Rev . 1994;52(5):168-70.

Stothers L. A randomized placebo controlled trial to evaluate naturopathic cranberry products as prophylaxis against urinary tract infection in women. Presented at: American Urological Association 2001 Annual Meeting; June 2-7, 2001; Anaheim, CA; Publ ID:318. .

Kontiokari T, Sundqvist K, et al. Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women. BMJ . 2001 Jun 30;322(7302):1571.

[1617] Pinzón-Arango PA, Liu Y, Camesano TA. Role of cranberry on bacterial adhesion forces and implications for Escherichia coli-uroepithelial cell attachment. J Med Food. 2009 Apr;12(2):259-70.

[1618] McMurdo ME, Argo I, Phillips G, Daly F, Davey P. Cranberry or trimethoprim for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections? A randomized controlled trial in older women. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 Feb;63(2):389-95.

[1619] Allaert F. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Hibiscus sabdariffa L extract in the prevention of recurrent cystitis in women. Poster presented at the Federative Pelviperineal Diagnostics and Procedures Meeting: Convergences in Pelviperineal Pain. Nantes, France: December 16-18, 2009.

[1620] Dadalioglu I, Evrendilek GA. Chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Turkish oregano, bay laurel, Spanish lavender, and fennel on common foodborne pathogens. J Agric Food Chem . 2004 Dec 29;52(26):8255-60.

[1621] Preuss HG, Echard B, et al. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of herbal essential oils and monolaurin for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 Apr;272(1-2):29-34.

[1622] Pooja, Bawa AS, Khanum F. Anti-inflammatory activity of Rhodiola rosea–”a second-generation adaptogen.” Phytother Res. 2009 Aug;23(8):1099-102.

Abidov M, Grachev S, Seifulla RD, Ziegenfuss TN. Extract of Rhodiola rosea radix reduces the level of C-reactive protein and creatinine kinase in the blood. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2004 Jul;138(1):63-4.

Mishra KP, Padwad YS, Jain M, Karan D, Ganju L, Sawhney RC. Aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricata rhizome stimulates proinflammatory mediators via phosphorylated IkappaB and transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2006;28(2):201-12.

Wang H, Ding Y, Zhou J, Sun X, Wang S. The in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects of salidroside from Rhodiola rosea L. against coxsackievirus B3. Phytomedicine. 2009 Mar;16(2-3):146-55.

Jeong HJ, Ryu YB, Park SJ, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitory activities of flavonols isolated from Rhodiola rosea roots and their in vitro anti-influenza viral activities. Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Oct 1;17(19):6816-23.

Zuo G, Li Z, Chen L, Xu X. Activity of compounds from Chinese herbal medicine Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Maxim against HCV NS3 serine protease. Antiviral Res. 2007 Oct;76(1):86-92.

Wong YC, Zhao M, Zong YY, Chan CY, Che CT. Chemical constituents and anti-tuberculosis activity of root of Rhodiola kirilowii. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2008 Jul;33(13):1561-5.

Ming DS, Hillhouse BJ, Guns ES, et al. Bioactive compounds from Rhodiola rosea (Crassulaceae). Phytother Res. 2005 Sep;19(9):740-3.

Mishra KP, Ganju L, Chanda S, Karan D, Sawhney RC. Aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricata rhizome stimulates Toll-like receptor 4, granzyme-B and Th1 cytokines in vitro. Immunobiology. 2009;214(1):27-31.

Li HX, Sze SC, Tong Y, Ng TB. Production of Th1- and Th2-dependent cytokines induced by the Chinese medicine herb, Rhodiola algida, on human peripheral blood monocytes. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Jun 22;123(2):257-66.

[1623] Mishra KP, Chanda S, Shukla K, Ganju L. Adjuvant effect of aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricata rhizome on the immune responses to tetanus toxoid and ovalbumin in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2010 Mar;32(1):141-6.

Wang H, Ding Y, Zhou J, Sun X, Wang S. The in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects of salidroside from Rhodiola rosea L. against coxsackievirus B3. Phytomedicine. 2009 Mar;16(2-3):146-55.

Zuo G, Li Z, Chen L, Xu X. Activity of compounds from Chinese herbal medicine Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Maxim against HCV NS3 serine protease. Antiviral Res. 2007 Oct;76(1):86-92.

[1624] Chrubasik S, Pittler MH, et al. Zingiberis rhizoma: a comprehensive review on the ginger effect and efficacy profiles. Phytomedicine. 2005 Sep;12(9):684-701.

Mascolo N, Jain R, et al. Ethnopharmacologic investigation of ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Ethnopharmacol . 1989 Nov;27(1-2):129-40.

Thongson C, Davidson PM, et al. Antimicrobial activity of ultrasound-assisted solvent-extract spices. Lett Appl Microbiol . 2004;39(5):401-6.

[1625] Journal of Microbiology and Antimicrobials Vol. 3(1), pp. 18-22, January 2011

[1626] Huynh HQ, Couper RT, Tran CD, Moore L, Kelso R, Butler RN. N-acetyl cysteine, a novel treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Nov-Dec;49(11-12):1853-61.

Seo JY, Kim H, Kim KH. Transcriptional regulation by thiol compounds in Helicobacter pylori-induced interleukin-8 production in human gastric epithelial cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Nov;973:541-5.

Kim MH, Yoo HS, Kim MY, et al. Helicobacter pylori stimulates urokinase plasminogen activator receptor expression and cell invasiveness through reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB signaling in human gastric carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med. 2007 Apr;19(4):689-97.

[1627] Zala G, Flury R, Wust J, Meyenberger C, Ammann R, Wirth HP. Omeprazole/amoxicillin: improved eradication of Helicobacter pylori in smokers because of N-acetyl cysteine. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1994 Aug 9;124(31-32):1391-7. Gurbuz AK, Ozel AM, Ozturk R, Yildirim S, Yazgan Y, Demirturk L. Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on Helicobacter pylori. South Med J. 2005 Nov;98(11):1095-7.

[1628] Puupponen-Pimia R, Nohynek L, Meier C, et al. Antimicrobial properties of phenolic compounds from berries. J Appl Microbiol. 2001 Apr;90(4):494-507.

Cavanagh HM, Hipwell M, Wilkinson JM. Antibacterial activity of berry fruits used for culinary purposes. J Med Food. 2003;6(1):57-61.

[1629] Knox YM, Hayashi K, Suzutani T, et al. Activity of anthocyanins from fruit extract of Ribes nigrum L. against influenza A and B viruses. Acta Virol. 2001;45(4):209-15.

[1630] Hurst SM, McGhie TK, Cooney JM, et al. Blackcurrant proanthocyanidins augment IFN-gamma-induced suppression of IL-4 stimulated CCL26 secretion in alveolar epithelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Jul;54 Suppl 2:S159-70.

[1631] Jones E, Hughes RE. Quercetin, flavonoids and the life-span of mice. Exp Gerontol. 1982;17(3):213-7.

[1632] Ankri S, Mirelman D. Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic. Microbes Infect . 1999;1(2):125-9.

Cutler RR, Wilson P. Antibacterial activity of a new, stable, aqueous extract of allicin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Br J Biomed Sci . 2004;61(2):71-4.

Jonkers D, van den Broek E, et al. Antibacterial effect of garlic and omeprazole on Helicobacter pylori. J Antimicrob Chemother . 1999;43(6):837-9.

Sovova M, Sova P. Pharmaceutical importance of Allium sativum L, II: antibacterial effects. Ceska Slov Farm . 2002 Jan;51(1):11-6.

[1633] Craig WJ. Phytochemicals: guardians of our health. J Am Diet Assoc . 1997;97(suppl 2):199-204.

Harris JC, Cottrell SL, et al. Antimicrobial properties of Allium sativum (garlic). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 2001;57(3):282-6.

[1634] Ankri S, Mirelman D. Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic. Microbes Infect . 1999;1(2):125-9.

Sovova M, Sova P. Pharmaceutical importance of Allium sativum L, II: antibacterial effects. Ceska Slov Farm . 2002 Jan;51(1):11-6.

[1635][1635] Dikasso D, Lemma H, et al. Investigation on the antibacterial properties of garlic on pneumonia-causing bacteria. Ethiop Med J. 2002 Jul;40(3):241-9.

Sivam GP. Protection again Helicobacter pylori and other bacterial infections by garlic. J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):1106S-1108S.

Tsao SM, Hsu CC, et al. Garlic extract and two diallyl sulphides inhibit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in BALB/cA mice. J Antimicrob Chemother . 2003 Dec;52(6):974-80.

[1636] Trevisanato SI, Kim YI. Tea and health. Nutr Rev . 2000;58(1):1-10.

[1637] Bukowski JF, Morita CT , et al. Human gamma delta T cells recognize alkylamines derived from microbes, edible plants, and tea: implications for innate immunity. Immunity . 1999 Jul;11(1):57-65.

Kamath AB , Wang L, et al. Antigens in tea-beverage prime human Vgamma 2Vdelta 2 T cells in vitro and in vivo for memory and nonmemory antibacterial cytokine responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2003 May 13;100(10):6009-14.

[1638] Lee YS, Han CH, et al. Synergistic effect between catechin and ciprofloxacin on chronic bacterial prostatitis rat model. Int J Urol. 2005 Apr;12(4):383-9.

Maeyama R, Kwon IK, et al. Novel bactericidal surface: catechin-loaded surface-erodible polymer prevents biofilm formation. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2005 Oct 1;75(1)146-55.

[1639] Chung JG. Inhibitory actions of glycyrrhizic acid on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in strains of Helicobacter pylori from peptic ulcer patients. Drug Chem Toxicol . 1998 Aug;21(3):355-70.

Krausse R, Bielenberg J, et al. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Extractum liquiritiae, glycyrrhizin and its metabolites. J Antimicrob Chemother . 2004 Jul;54(1):243-6.

[1640] Stormer FC, Reistad R, et al. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice: evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol. 1993 Apr;31(4):303-12.

[1641] de Bortoli N, Leonardi G, Ciancia E, Merlo A, Bellini M. et al.: Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized prospective study of triple therapy versus triple therapy plus lactoferrin and probiotics. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 May;102(5):951-6. Epub 2007 Feb 21.

Wakabayashi H, Yamauchi K, Kobayashi T, Yaeshima et al.: Inhibitory effects of lactoferrin on growth and biofilm formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Aug;53(8):3308-16. Epub 2009 May 18.

Hayworth JL, Kasper KJ, Leon-Ponte M, Herfst CA. et al.: Attenuation of massive cytokine response to the staphylococcal enterotoxin B superantigen by the innate immunomodulatory protein lactoferrin. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Jul;157(1):60-70.

Bellamy W, Takase M, Wakabayashi H, Kawase K, Tomita M. Antibacterial spectrum of lactoferricin B, a potent bactericidal peptide derived from the N-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin. J Appl Bacteriol. 1992a Dec;73(6):472-9.

Bellamy W, Takase M, Yamauchi K. et al.: Identification of the bactericidal domain of lactoferrin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992b May 22;1121(1-2):130-6.

[1642] Artym J. The role of lactoferrin in the iron metabolism. Part II. Antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effect of lactoferrin by chelation of iron. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2010 Nov 30;64:604-16.

González-Chávez SA, Arévalo-Gallegos S, Rascón-Cruz Q. Lactoferrin: structure, function and applications. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2009 Apr;33(4):301.e1-8. Epub 2008 Oct 7.

Puddu P, Valenti P, Gessani S. Immunomodulatory effects of lactoferrin on antigen presenting cells. Biochimie. 2009 Jan;91(1):11-8. Epub 2008 May 21.

León-Sicairos N, López-Soto F, Reyes-López M. et al.: Amoebicidal activity of milk, apo-lactoferrin, sIgA and lysozyme. Clin Med Res. 2006 Jun;4(2):106-13.

Norrby K. Human apo-lactoferrin enhances angiogenesis mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor A in vivo. J Vasc Res. 2004 Jul-Aug;41(4):293-304. Epub 2004 Jun 10.

Griffiths EA, Duffy LC, Schanbacher FL, Qiao H, Dryja D. et al.: In vivo effects of bifidobacteria and lactoferrin on gut endotoxin concentration and mucosal immunity in Balb/c mice. Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Apr;49(4):579-89.

[1643] Haversen LA, Engberg I, et al. Human lactoferrin and peptides derived from a surface-exposed helical region reduce experimental Escherichia coli urinary tract infection in mice. Infect Immun . 2000;68(10):5816-23.

[1644] Baldi A, Ioannis P, et al. Biological effects of milk proteins and their peptides with emphasis on those related to the gastrointestinal ecosystem. J Dairy Res . 2005;72 Spec No:66-72.

Griffiths EA, Duffy LC, et al. In vitro growth responses of bifidobacteria and enteropathogens to bovine and human lactoferrin. Dig Dis Sci . 2003 Jul;48(7). 1324-32.

Kuwata H, Yip TT, et al. Bactericidal domain of lactoferrin: detection, quantitation, and characterization of lactoferricin in serum by SELDI affinity mass spectrometry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 1998 Apr;245(3):764-73.

Nikolaev AA, Boiko OV, et al. Ejaculate microflora sensitivity to lactoferrin in chronic prostatitis. Urologiia . 2004 Sep-Oct;5:37-9.

[1645] Leitch EC, Willcox MD. Lactoferrin-induced reduction of vanB vancomycin resistance in enterococci. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2001 Oct;18(4):399-402.

[1646] Bliznakov E, Casey A, Premuzic E. Coenzymes Q: stimulants of the phagocytic activity in rats and immune response in mice. Experientia. 1970 Sep 26;26(9):953-4.

[1647] Ernster L, Forsmark-Andree P. Ubiquinol: an endogenous antioxidant in aerobic organisms. Clin Investig. 1993;71(8 Suppl):S60-S65.

[1648] Bhaskaram P. Immunobiology of mild micronutrient deficiencies. Br J Nutr . 2001;85(suppl 2):75-80.

Meydani SN, Erickson KL. Nutrients as regulators of immune function: introduction. Faseb J . 2001 Dec;15(14):2555.

Murray MT , Pizzorno JE. Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine . 2nd ed. New York , NY : Three Rivers Press; 1997.

[1649] Barringer TA, Kirk JK, et al. Effect of a multivitamin and mineral supplement on infection and quality of life: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med . 2003;138(5):365-71.

[1650] Aukrust P, Muller F, et al. Decreased vitamin A levels in common variable immunodeficiency: vitamin A supplementation in vivo enhances immunoglobulin production and downregulates inflammatory responses. Eur J Clin Invest . 2000;30(3):252-9.

Barringer TA, Kirk JK, et al. Effect of a multivitamin and mineral supplement on infection and quality of life: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med . 2003;138(5):365-71.

Bhaskaram P. Immunobiology of mild micronutrient deficiencies. Br J Nutr . 2001;85(suppl 2):75-80.

[1651] Cui D, Moldoveanu Z, et al. High-level dietary vitamin A enhances T-helper type 2 cytokine production and secretory immunoglobulin A response to influenza A virus infection in BALB/c mice. J Nutr . 2000 May;130(5):1132-9.

[1652] Molina EL, Patel JA. A to Z: vitamin A and zinc, the miracle duo. Indian J Pediatr . 1996;63(4):427-31.

[1653] Alberts D, Ranger-Moore J, et al. Safety and efficacy of dose-intensive oral vitamin A in subjects with sun-damaged skin. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 15;10(6):1875-80.

[1654] Bogden JD. Influence of zinc on immunity in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging . 2004;8(1):48-54.

Cuevas LE, Koyanagi A. Zinc and infection: a review. Ann Trop Paediatr . 2005 Sep;25(3):149-60.

Cunningham-Rundles S, Ahrne S, et al. Probiotics and immune response. Am J Gastroenterol . 2000;95(suppl 1):22-5.

Stefanidou M, Maravelias C, et al. Zinc: a multipurpose trace element. Arch Toxicol. 2005 Sep 27;1-9.

[1655] Chandra RK. Effect of vitamin and trace-element supplementation on immune responses and infection in elderly subjects. Lancet . 1992a;340(8828):1124-7.

Chandra RK. Nutrition and immunoregulation: significance for host resistance to tumors and infectious diseases in humans and rodents. J Nutr . 1992b;122(suppl 3):754-7.

[1656] Bengmark S. Ecological control of the gastrointestinal tract: the role of probiotic flora. Gut . 1998;42(1):2-7.

Cunningham-Rundles S, Ahrne S, et al. Probiotics and immune response. Am J Gastroenterol . 2000;95(suppl 1):22-5.

Dani C, Biadaioli R, et al. Probiotics feeding in prevention of urinary tract infection, bacterial sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a prospective double-blind study. Biol Neonate . 2002;82(2):103-8.

[1657] Perdigon G, Alvarez S, et al. Immune system stimulation by probiotics. J Dairy Sci . 1995;78(7):1597-606.

[1658] Ochmanski W, Barabasz W. Probiotics and their therapeutic properties. Przegl Lek . 1999;56(3):211-5.

Vaughan EE, Mollet B. Probiotics in the new millennium. Nahrung . 1999;43(3):148-53.

[1659] Cremonini F, Canducci F, et al. Helicobacter pylori treatment: a role for probiotics? Dig Dis . 2001;19(2):144-7.

Drouin E. Helicobacter pylori: novel therapies. Can J Gastroenterol . 1999;13(7):581-3.

Felley C, Michetti P. Probiotics and Helicobacter pylori. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol . 2003;17(5):785-91.

Johnson-Henry KC, Mitchell DJ, et al. Probiotics reduce bacterial colonization and gastric inflammation in H. pylori-infected mice. Dig Dis Sci . 2004 Aug;49(7-8):1095-1102.

Wang KY , Li SN, et al. Effects of ingesting Lactobacillus- and Bifidobacterium-containing yogurt in subjects with colonized Helicobacter pylori. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Sep;80(3):737-41.

[1660] Marignani M, Angeletti S, et al. Acute infectious diarrhea. N Engl J Med . 2004;350(15):1576-7.

[1661] Kontiokari T, Laitinen J, et al. Dietary factors protecting women from urinary tract infection. Am J Clin Nutr . 2003;77(3):600-4.

Reid G. Probiotics for urogenital health. Nutr Clin Care . 2002a;5(1):3-8.

[1662] Andreeva P, Dimitrov A. The probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus: an alternative treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) . 2002;41(6):29-31.

[1663] Fooks LJ, Gibson GR. Probiotics as modulators of the gut flora. Br J Nutr . 2002;88(suppl 1):39-49.

Guarner F, Malagelada JR. Gut flora in health and disease. Lancet . 2003;361(9356):512-9.

Shi HN, Walker A. Bacterial colonization and the development of intestinal defences. Can J Gastroenterol . 2004 Aug;18(8):493-500.

[1664] http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/ncicancerbulletin/archive/2010/022310/page6. January 11^th, 2014.

[1665] Neuroscience Lett. 2006; 397:219-223.

Support Care Cancer. 1997 Mar;5(2):126-9.

[1666] Shibata M, Shimura T, Nishina Y et al. [PSK decreased FOLFOX4-induced peripheral neuropathy and bone marrow suppression in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2011 May;38(5):797-801.

[1667] Matsuda M, Matsusaka S, Kuboki Y et al. [Retrospective analysis of FOLFOX4 neurotoxicity for recovery from advanced colorectal cancer]. [Article in Japanese] Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2008 Mar;35(3):461-6.

[1668] Bilska A et al. Lipoic acid – the drug of the future? Pharmacological Review 2005;57:570-77. pharmrev.aspetjournals.org www.iom.dk Vitalrådet 25-01-2006

[1669] Pace A, Savarese A et al. Neuroprotective effect of vitamin E supplementation in patients treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Mar 1;21(5):927-31.

[1670] Administering Calcium and Magnesium Effectively Reduces Neurological Sensitivity Caused by the Chemotherapy Drug Oxaliplatin. American Society of Clinical Oncology abstract number: 4009

http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/540875/

[1671] ECCO-the European CanCer Organisation (2008, April 28). Acupuncture Relieves Hot Flushes In Breast Cancer Patients Taking Tamoxifen. ScienceDaily. Retrieved April 22, 2011.

Ting Bao, Ling Cai, Jon T. Giles, Jeff Gould, Karineh Tarpinian, Kelly Betts, Michelle Medeiros, Stacie Jeter, Nancy Tait, Saranya Chumsri, Deborah K. Armstrong, Ming Tan, Elizabeth Folkerd, Mitch Dowsett, Harvinder Singh, Kate Tkaczuk, Vered Stearns. A dual-center randomized controlled double blind trial assessing the effect of acupuncture in reducing musculoskeletal symptoms in breast cancer patients taking aromatase inhibitors. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2013; 138 (1): 167

Johns Hopkins Medicine. “Acupuncture, real or sham, eases hot flashes due to breast cancer chemo.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 23 December 2013.

Hsiao-Yean Chiu, Chieh-Hsin Pan, Yuh-Kae Shyu, Bor-Cheng Han, Pei-Shan Tsai. Effects of acupuncture on menopause-related symptoms and quality of life in women on natural menopause. Menopause, 2014;

The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). “Bothered by hot flashes? Acupuncture might be the answer, analysis suggests.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 14 July 2014.

[1672] BMJ-British Medical Journal (2011, March 8). Acupuncture curbs severity of menopausal hot flushes, study suggests. ScienceDaily. Retrieved April 22, 2011,

[1673] Walker et al. Acupuncture Versus Venlafaxine for the Management of Vasomotor Symptoms in Patients With Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2009; DOI:10.1200/JCO.2009.23.5150

Henry Ford Health System. “Acupuncture reduces hot flashes, improves sex drive for breast cancer patients.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 30 December 2009.

American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (2008, September 23): Acupuncture Reduces Side Effects Of Breast Cancer Treatment As Much As Conventional Drug Therapy, Study Suggests

http://www.sciencedaily.com

[1674] ECCO-the European CanCer Organisation (2008, April 28): Acupuncture relieves Hot Flushes in Breast Cancer Patients Taking Tamoxifen. http://www.sciencedaily.com

Deng, G. et. al.: Randomized, Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Breast Cancer Patients, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2007.
Hervik, Jill et. al.: Acupuncture for the treatment of hot flashes in breast cancer patients, a randomized controlled trail, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2009.

http://www.srab.dk/sundhed+og+sygdom/kr%c3%a6ft+og+alternativ+behandling/akupunktur+mod+hedeture+hos+brystkr%c3%a6ftpatienter

[1675] Marcus J, Elkins G et al. The integration of hypnosis into a model of palliative care. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003 Dec;2(4):365-70.

[1676] Elkins G, Marcus J et al. Can hypnosis reduce hot flashes in breast cancer survivors? A literature review. Am J Clin Hypn. 2004 Jul;47(1):29-42.

[1677] Elkins G, Marcus J et al. Can hypnosis reduce hot flashes in breast cancer survivors? A literature review. Am J Clin Hypn. 2004 Jul;47(1):29-42.

[1678] Stalpers LJ, da Costa HC et al. Hypnotherapy in radiotherapy patients: a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005 Feb 1;61(2):499-506.

[1679] Linseisen J, Piller R, Hermann S, Chang-Claude J. Dietary phytoestrogen intake and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a German case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jun 10;110(2):284-90.

McCann SE, Muti P, Vito D, et al. Dietary lignan intakes and risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 1;111(3):440-3.

Saleem M, Kim HJ, Ali MS, Lee YS. An update on bioactive plant lignans. Nat Prod Rep. 2005 Dec;22(6):696-716.

Wang LQ. Mammalian phytoestrogens: enterodiol and enterolactone. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002 Sep 25;777(1-2):289-309.

[1680] Kreijkamp-Kaspers S, Kok L, Bots ML, Grobbee DE, van der Schouw YT. Dietary phytoestrogens and vascular function in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. J Hypertens. 2004 Jul;22(7):1381-8.

[1681] Kim MK, Chung BC, Yu VY, et al. Relationships of urinary phyto-oestrogen excretion to BMD in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2002 Mar;56(3):321-8.

[1682] Franco OH, Burger H, Lebrun CE, et al. Higher dietary intake of lignans is associated with better cognitive performance in postmenopausal women. J Nutr. 2005 May;135(5):1190-5.

[1683] Cosentino M, Marino F, Ferrari M, et al. Estrogenic activity of 7-hydroxymatairesinol potassium acetate (HMR/lignan) from Norway spruce (Picea abies) knots and of its active metabolite enterolactone in MCF-7 cells. Pharmacol Res. 2007 Aug;56(2):140-7.

Saarinen NM, Warri A, Makela SI, et al. Hydroxymatairesinol, a novel enterolactone precursor with antitumor properties from coniferous tree (Picea abies). Nutr Cancer.2000;36(2):207-16.

Heinonen S, Nurmi T, Liukkonen K, et al. In vitro metabolism of plant lignans: new precursors of mammalian lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Jul;49(7):3178-86.

Saarinen NM, Penttinen PE, Smeds AI, Hurmerinta TT, Makela SI. Structural determinants of plant lignans for growth of mammary tumors and hormonal responses in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Feb;93(2-5):209-19.

[1684] Saarinen NM, Huovinen R, Warri A, et al. Uptake and metabolism of hydroxymatairesinol in relation to its anticarcinogenicity in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Nutr Cancer. 2001;41(1-2):82-90.

Hess R, Thurston RC, Hays RD, Chang CCH, Dillon SN, Ness RB, et al. The impact of menopause on health-related quality of life: results from the STRIDE longitudinal study.Quality of Life Research. 2012; 21(3), 535-544.

[1685] Wang LQ. Mammalian phytoestrogens: enterodiol and enterolactone. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci . 2002 Sep 25;777(1-2):289-309.

Saarinen NM, Huovinen R, Warri A, et al. Uptake and metabolism of hydroxymatairesinol in relation to its anticarcinogenicity in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Nutr Cancer. 2001;41(1-2):82-90.

Saarinen NM, Penttinen PE, Smeds AI, Hurmerinta TT, Makela SI. Structural determinants of plant lignans for growth of mammary tumors and hormonal responses in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Feb;93(2-5):209-19.

Katsuda S, Yoshida M, Saarinen N, et al. Chemopreventive effects of hydroxymatairesinol on uterine carcinogenesis in Donryu rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004 May;229(5):417-24.

Kangas L, Saarinen N, Mutanen M, et al. Antioxidant and antitumor effects of hydroxymatairesinol (HM-3000, HMR), a lignan isolated from the knots of spruce. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2002 Aug;11 Suppl 2S48-S57.

Saarinen NM, Warri A, Makela SI, et al. Hydroxymatairesinol, a novel enterolactone precursor with antitumor properties from coniferous tree (Picea abies). Nutr Cancer. 2000;36(2):207-16.

[1686] http://www.mayoclinic.org/news2007-rst/4208.html

[1687] Udani JK, Brown DJ, Tan MO, Hardy M. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of plant lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol and effects on serum enterolactone and clinical symptoms in postmenopausal women: a single-blinded, parallel, dose-comparison study. J Am Coll Nutr.2013 Dec;32(6):428-35.

[1688] Saarinen NM, Warri A, Makela SI, et al. Hydroxymatairesinol, a novel enterolactone precursor with antitumor properties from coniferous tree (Picea abies). Nutr Cancer.2000;36(2):207-16.

[1689] Saarinen NM, Huovinen R, Warri A, et al. Uptake and metabolism of hydroxymatairesinol in relation to its anticarcinogenicity in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Nutr Cancer. 2001;41(1-2):82-90.

[1690] Lina B, Korte H, Nyman L, Unkila M. A thirteen week dietary toxicity study with 7-hydroxymatairesinol potassium acetate (HMRlignan) in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;41(1):28-38.

[1691] Steinberg FM, Guthrie NL, Villablanca AC, Kumar K, Murray MJ. Soy protein with isoflavones has favorable effects on endothelial function that are independent of lipid and antioxidant effects in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jul;78(1):123-30.

[1692] errari A. Soy extract phytoestrogens with high dose of isoflavones for menopausal symptoms. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2009 Dec;35(6):1083-90.

[1693] Singeltary KW, Frey RS, Li JY. Differential effects of genistein cell proliferation, cyclin B1, and p34cdc2 in transformed and nontransformed human breast cells. Pharm Biol. 2002;40:35-42.

Jeune MA, Kumi-Diaka J, Brown J. Anticancer activities of pomegranate extracts and genistein in human breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2005;8(4):469-75.

Frey RS, Li J, Singletary KW. Effects of genistein on cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in nonneoplastic human mammary epithelial cells: involvement of Cdc2, p21(waf/cip1), p27(kip1), and Cdc25C expression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Apr 15;61(8):979-89.

Rowell C, Carpenter DM, Lamartiniere CA. Chemoprevention of breast cancer, proteomic discovery of genistein action in the rat mammary gland. J Nutr. 2005 Dec;135(12 Suppl):2953S-9S.

[1694] Cornwell T, Cohick W, Raskin I. Dietary phytoestrogens and health. Phytochemistry. 2004 Apr;65(8):995-1016.

[1695] Holzbeierlein JM, McIntosh J, Thrasher JB. The role of soy phytoestrogens in prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol. 2005 Jan;15(1):17-22.

[1696] Lissin LW, Cooke JP. Phytoestrogens and cardiovascular health. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 May;35(6):1403-10.

[1697] de Kleijn MJ, van der Schouw YT, Wilson PW, Grobbee DE, Jacques PF. Dietary intake of phytoestrogens is associated with a favorable metabolic cardiovascular risk profile in postmenopausal US women: the Framingham study. J Nutr. 2002 Feb;132(2):276-82.

[1698] Linseisen J, Piller R, Hermann S, Chang-Claude J. Dietary phytoestrogen intake and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a German case-control study. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jun 10;110(2):284-90.

Hedelin M, Klint A, Chang ET, et al. Dietary phytoestrogen, serum enterolactone and risk of prostate cancer: the cancer prostate sweden study (sweden). Cancer Causes Control. 2006 Mar;17(2):169-80.

Xu WH, Zheng W, Xiang YB, et al. Soya food intake and risk of endometrial cancer among Chinese women in Shanghai: population based case-control study. BMJ. 2004 May 29;328(7451):1285.

Sarkar FH, Li Y. Cell signaling pathways altered by natural chemopreventive agents. Mutat Res. 2004 Nov 2;555(1-2):53-64.

Sarkar FH, Li Y. The role of isoflavones in cancer chemoprevention. Front Biosci. 2004 Sep 1;9:2714-24.

[1699] Schabath MB, Hernandez LM, Wu X, Pillow PC, Spitz MR. Dietary phytoestrogens and lung cancer risk. JAMA. 2005 Sep 28;294(12):1493-504.

[1700] Hogervorst E, Williams J, Budge M, Riedel W, Jolles J. The nature of the effect of female gonadal hormone replacement therapy on cognitive function in post-menopausal women: a meta-analysis. Neuroscience. 2000;101(3):485-512.

File SE, Jarrett N, Fluck E, et al. Eating soya improves human memory. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Oct;157(4):430-6.

Duffy R, Wiseman H, File SE. Improved cognitive function in postmenopausal women after 12 weeks of consumption of a soya extract containing isoflavones. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jun;75(3):721-9.

Lee YB, Lee HJ, Sohn HS. Soy isoflavones and cognitive function. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Nov;16(11):641-9.

[1701] Lydeking-Olsen E, Beck-Jensen JE, Setchell KD, Holm-Jensen T. Soymilk or progesterone for prevention of bone loss—a 2 year randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Aug;43(4):246-57.

[1702] Zhang X, Shu XO, Li H, et al. Prospective cohort study of soy food consumption and risk of bone fracture among postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Sep 12;165(16):1890-5.

[1703] Albert A, Altabre C, Baro F, et al. Efficacy and safety of a phytoestrogen preparation derived from Glycine max (L.) Merr in climacteric symptomatology: a multicentric, open, prospective and non-randomized trial. Phytomedicine. 2002 Mar;9(2):85-92.

[1704] Fugate SE, Church CO. Nonestrogen treatment modalities for vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Sep;38(9):1482-99.

Geller SE, Studee L. Botanical and dietary supplements for menopausal symptoms: what works, what does not. J Womens Health (Larchmt.). 2005 Sep;14(7):634-49.

Seeram NP, Adams LS, Henning SM, et al. In vitro antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidant activities of punicalagin, ellagic acid and a total pomegranate tannin extract are enhanced in combination with other polyphenols as found in pomegranate juice. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Jun;16(6):360-7.

Kim ND, Mehta R, Yu W, et al. Chemopreventive and adjuvant therapeutic potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum) for human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Feb;71(3):203-17.

Mehta R, Lansky EP. Breast cancer chemopreventive properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit extracts in a mouse mammary organ culture. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004 Aug;13(4):345-8.

Chidambara Murthy KN, Jayaprakasha GK, Singh RP. Studies on antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract using in vivo models. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Aug 14;50(17):4791-5.

Sudheesh S, Vijayalakshmi NR. Flavonoids from Punica granatum—potential antiperoxidative agents. Fitoterapia. 2005 Mar;76(2):181-6.

Schellenberg R. Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study. BMJ. 2001 Jan 20;322(7279):134-7.

Wuttke W, Jarry H, Christoffel V, Spengler B, Seidlova-Wuttke D. Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus)—pharmacology and clinical indications. Phytomedicine. 2003 May;10(4):348-57.

Roemheld-Hamm B. Chasteberry. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Sep 1;72(5):821-4.

Frei-Kleiner S, Schaffner W, Rahlfs VW, Bodmer C, Birkhauser M. Cimicifuga racemosa dried ethanolic extract in menopausal disorders: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Maturitas. 2005 Aug 16;51(4):397-404.

Osmers R, Friede M, Liske E, et al. Efficacy and safety of isopropanolic black cohosh extract for climacteric symptoms. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 May;105(5 Pt 1):1074-83.

Branca F, Lorenzetti S. Health effects of phytoestrogens. Forum Nutr. 2005;(57):100-11.

[1705] Wietrzyk J, Grynkiewicz G, Opolski A. Phytoestrogens in cancer prevention and therapy—mechanisms of their biological activity. Anticancer Res. 2005 May;25(3c):2357-66.

Tang GW. The climacteric of Chinese factory workers. Maturitas. 1994 Oct;19(3):177-82.

Lissin LW, Cooke JP. Phytoestrogens and cardiovascular health. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 May;35(6):1403-10.

Kim MK, Chung BC, Yu VY, et al. Relationships of urinary phyto-oestrogen excretion to BMD in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2002 Mar;56(3):321-8.

[1706] Yang T, Jia M, Mei Q. Effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine induction. Zhong Yao Cai. 2005 May;28(5):405-7.

Tsai NM, Lin SZ, Lee CC, et al. The antitumor effects of Angelica sinensis on malignant brain tumors in vitro and in vivo. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 May 1;11(9):3475-84.

Anon. Monograph. Angelica sinensis. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Dec;9(4):429-33.

Cheng YL, Chang WL, Lee SC, et al. Acetone extract of Angelica sinensis inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Life Sci. 2004 Aug 13;75(13):1579-94.

Yang Q, Populo SM, Zhang J, Yang G, Kodama H. Effect of Angelica sinensis on the proliferation of human bone cells. Clin Chim Acta. 2002 Oct;324(1-2):89-97.

Circosta C, Pasquale RD, Palumbo DR, Samperi S, Occhiuto F. Estrogenic activity of standardized extract of Angelica sinensis. Phytother Res. 2006 Aug;20(8):665-9.

[1707] Mazaro-Costa R, Andersen ML, Hachul H, Tufik S. Medicinal plants as alternative treatments for female sexual dysfunction: utopian vision or possible treatment in climacteric women? J Sex Med. 2010 Nov;7(11):3695-714.

Dong quai. 2011. University of Maryland Medical

[1708] Chang HM, But PP. Pharmacology and application of chinese material medica. World Scientific. 1987;1:489-505.

Anon. Monograph. Angelica sinensis. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Dec;9(4):429-33.

[1709] Kupfersztain C, Rotem C, Fagot R, Kaplan B. The immediate effect of natural plant extract, Angelica sinensis and Matricaria chamomilla (Climex) for the treatment of hot flushes during menopause. A preliminary report. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2003;30(4):203-6.

[1710] Chen SW, Min L, Li WJ, et al. The effects of angelica essential oil in three murine tests of anxiety. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004 Oct;79(2):377-82.

[1711] Cheng YL, Chang WL, Lee SC, et al. Acetone extract of Angelica sinensis inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells via inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Life Sci. 2004 Aug 13;75(13):1579-94.

[1712] Yang Q, Populo SM, Zhang J, Yang G, Kodama H. Effect of Angelica sinensis on the proliferation of human bone cells. Clin Chim Acta. 2002 Oct;324(1-2):89-97.

[1713] Lucks BC. Vitex agnus castus essential oil and menopausal balance: a research update [Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery 8 (2003) 148-154]. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2003 Aug;9(3):157-60.

Lucks BC, Sorensen J, Veal L. Vitex agnus-castus essential oil and menopausal balance: a self-care survey. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2002 Aug;8(3):148-54.

[1714] Liu J, Burdette JE, Xu H, et al. Evaluation of estrogenic activity of plant extracts for the potential treatment of menopausal symptoms. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 May;49(5):2472-9.

Beatrix Roemheld-Hamm, M.D., PH.D. Chasteberry. American Family Physician. 2005 Sep 1;72(5):821-824.
Chasteberry. NCCAM: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. http://nccam.nih.gov/health/chasteberry

[1715] Mahady GB, Fabricant D, Chadwick LR, Dietz B. Black cohosh: an alternative therapy for menopause? Nutr Clin Care. 2002 Nov;5(6):283-9.

[1716] Anon. Cimicifuga racemosa. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2003 May;8(2):186-9.

Branca F, Lorenzetti S. Health effects of phytoestrogens. Forum Nutr. 2005;(57):100-11.

[1717] Fugate SE, Church CO. Nonestrogen treatment modalities for vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Sep;38(9):1482-99.

Osmers R, Friede M, Liske E, et al. Efficacy and safety of isopropanolic black cohosh extract for climacteric symptoms. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 May;105(5 Pt 1):1074-83.

Mahady GB. Black cohosh (Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa): review of the clinical data for safety and efficacy in menopausal symptoms. Treat Endocrinol. 2005;4(3):177-84.

[1718] Pockaj BA, Loprinzi CL, Sloan JA, et al. Pilot evaluation of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes in women. Cancer Invest. 2004;22(4):515-21.

[1719] Seidlova-Wuttke D, Hesse O, Jarry H, et al. Evidence for selective estrogen receptor modulator activity in a black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extract: comparison with estradiol-17beta. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003 Oct;149(4):351-62.

Neff MJ. NAMS releases position statement on the treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Jul 15;70(2):393-4, 396, 399.

Anon. Treatment of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms: position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause. 2004 Jan;11(1):11-33.

[1720] Bommer S, Klein P, Suter A.: First time proof of sage’s tolerability and efficacy in menopausal women with hot flushes. Adv Ther. 2011 Jun;28(6):490-500. doi: 10.1007/s12325-011-0027-z. Epub 2011 May 16.

[1721] Jo EH, Kim SH, Ra JC, et al. Chemopreventive properties of the ethanol extract of chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) root: induction of apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2005 Dec 18;230(2):239-47.

[1722] Ofir R, Tamir S, Khatib S, Vaya J. Inhibition of serotonin re-uptake by licorice constituents. J Mol Neurosci. 2003 Apr;20(2):135-40.

[1723] Choi EM. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin increases the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 1;70(3):363-8.

[1724] Somjen D, Katzburg S, Vaya J, et al. Estrogenic activity of glabridin and glabrene from licorice roots on human osteoblasts and prepubertal rat skeletal tissues. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;91(4-5):241-6.

[1725] Juan YS, Chuang SM, Lee YL, Long CY, Wu TH, Chang WC, Levin RM, Liu KM, Huang CH. Green tea catechins decrease oxidative stress in surgical menopause-induced overactive bladder in a rat model. BJU International. 2012 May 28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22639915
http://www.herbs-info.com/herbs-for-menopause.html

[1726] http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/rodklover-lindrer-overgangsalderens-gener

[1727] http://radiodoktoren.dk

[1728] Packer LCC. The Antioxidant Miracle 1999.1999. http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-027j.shtml

[1729] Rybak LP, Husain K, Whitworth C, et al. Dose dependent protection by lipoic acid against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats: antioxidant defense system. Toxicol Sci. 1999 Feb;47(2):195-202.

[1730] UTH. University of Texas-Houston and Center for Alternative Medicine Research in Cancer. Hydrazine Sulfate 1998.1998
ACS. American Cancer Society’s Guide to Complementary and Alternative Cancer Methods. 2000.
NCCAM.National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Cancer Facts: Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Questions and Answers about Coenzyme Q10 2000.2000.
Dog TL, Riley D, Carter T. Traditional and alternative therapies for breast cancer. Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 May;7(3):36-7.

[1731]ki.se, cancer.dk

http://www.naturli.dk/helsenyt/10279-stralebehandling-kan-give-hjerteanfald Online siden Onsdag, 20. marts 2013

[1732] Wagdi P, Fluri M, et al. Cardioprotection in patients undergoing chemo- and/or radiotherapy for neoplastic disease. A pilot study. Jpn Heart J. 1996;37(3):353-9.

[1733] Choi EH, Park JH, Kim MK, Chun HS. Alleviation of doxorubicin-induced toxicities by anthocyanin-rich bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract in rats and mice. Biofactors. 2010 Jul-Aug;36(4):319-27.

Ashour OM, Elberry AA, Alahdal A, Al Mohamadi AM, Nagy AA, Abdel-Naim AB, Abdel-Sattar EA, Mohamadin AM. Protective effect of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) against doxorubicin-induced oxidative cardiotoxicity in rats. Med Sci Monit. 2011 Apr;17(4):BR110-5.

[1734] Majsterek I, Gloc E et al. A comparison of the action of amifostine and melatonin on DNA-damaging effects and apoptosis induced by idarubicin in normal and cancer cells. J Pineal Res. 2005 May;38(4):254-63.

Ahmed HH, Mannaa F et al. Cardioprotective activity of melatonin and its novel synthesized derivatives on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Mar 1;13(5):1847-57.

Balli E, Mete UO et al. Effect of melatonin on the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. Histol Histopathol. 2004 Oct;19(4):1101-8.

[1735] Combs AB, Choe JY, Truong DH, et al. Reduction by coenzyme Q10 of the acute toxicity of adriamycin in mice. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1977 Nov;18(3):565-8.
Choe JY, Combs AB, Folkers K. Prevention by coenzyme Q10 of the electrocardiographic changes induced by adriamycin in rats. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1979 Jan;23(1):199-202.
Lubawy WC, Dallam RA, Hurley LH. Protection against anthramycin-induced toxicity in mice by coenzyme Q10. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1980 Jan;64(1):105-9.
Usui T, Ishikura H, Izumi Y, et al. Possible prevention from the progression of cardiotoxicity in adriamycin-treated rabbits by coenzyme Q10. Toxicol Lett. 1982 Jun;12(1):75-82.
Shinozawa S, Gomita Y, Araki Y. Protective effects of various drugs on adriamycin (doxorubicin)-induced toxicity and microsomal lipid peroxidation in mice and rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 1993 Nov;16(11):1114-7.
Folkers K. Relevance of the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q10 and of the four bases of DNA as a rationale for the molecular causes of cancer and a therapy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jul 16;224(2):358-61. .
Portakal O, Ozkaya O, et al. Coenzyme Q10 concentrations and antioxidant status in tissues of breast cancer patients. Clin Biochem. 2000 Jun;33(4):279-84.

Bandy B, Davison AJ. Mitochondrial mutations may increase oxidative stress: implications for carcinogenesis and aging? Free Radic Biol Med. 1990;8(6):523-39. Review.

Iarussi D, Auricchio U, et al. Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 on anthracyclines cardiotoxicity: control study in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 Suppl:s207-s212.

[1736] Bertazzoli C, Ghione M. Adriamycin associated cardiotoxicity: research on prevention with coenzyme Q. Pharmacol Res Commun. 1977 Mar;9(3):235-50.
Cortes EP, Gupta M, Chou C, et al. Adriamycin cardiotoxicity: early detection by systolic time interval and possible prevention by coenzyme Q10. Cancer Treat Rep. 1978 Jun;62(6):887-91.

[1737] Mostafa MG, Mima T, Ohnishi ST, et al. S-allylcysteine ameliorates doxorubicin toxicity in the heart and liver in mice. Planta Med. 2000 Mar;66(2):148-51.

[1738] Friedman AN. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in advanced kidney disease. Semin Dial. 2010 Jul-Aug;23(4):396-400.
Gopinath B, Harris DC, Flood VM, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P. Consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFA, alpha-linolenic acid and fish is associated with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Br J Nutr. 2011 May;105(9):1361-8.
An WS, Kim HJ, Cho KH, Vaziri ND. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the remnant kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Oct;297(4):F895-903.
Lauretani F, Maggio M, Pizzarelli F, et al. Omega-3 and renal function in older adults. Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15(36):4149-56.

Bowden RG, Wilson RL, Deike E, Gentile M. Fish oil supplementation lowers C-reactive protein levels independent of triglyceride reduction in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nutr Clin Pract. 2009 Aug-Sep;24(4):508-12.
Bouzidi N, Mekki K, Boukaddoum A, Dida N, Kaddous A, Bouchenak M. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid supplementation on redox status in chronic renal failure patients with dyslipidemia. J Ren Nutr. 2010 Sep;20(5):321-8.

[1739] Gopinath B, Harris DC, Flood VM, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P. Consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFA, alpha-linolenic acid and fish is associated with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Br J Nutr. 2011 May;105(9):1361-8.

[1740] Bokemeyer C, Fels LM et al. Silibinin protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity without compromising cisplatin or ifosfamide anti-tumour activity. Br J Cancer. 1996 Dec;74(12):2036-41.

Ramasamy K, Agarwal R. Multitargeted therapy of cancer by silymarin. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 8;269(2):352-62.

[1741] Sonnenbichler J et al. Stimulatory effects of silibinin and silichristin from the milk thistle Silybum marianum on kidney cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;290:1375-83.

[1742] Liu L, Zhang J, He R, Zhou L, Zhang J. [Astragalus injection ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2010 Oct;35(20):2736-40

[1743] Lieber CS, Leo MA, Cao Q, Ren C, DeCarli LM. Silymarin retards the progression of alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis in baboons. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003 Oct;37(4):336-9.

[1744] Szilárd S, Szentgyörgyi D, Demeter I. Protective effect of Legalon in workers exposed to organic solvents. Acta Med Hung. 1988;45(2):249-56.

[1745] Shaarawy SM, Tohamy AA, Elgendy SM, et al. Protective effects of garlic and silymarin on NDEA-induced rats hepatotoxicity. Int J Biol Sci. 2009 Aug;5(6):549-57.

Eminzade S, Uras F, Izzettin FV. Silymarin protects liver against toxic effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs in experimental animals. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2008 Jul 5;5:18.

[1746] Jayaraj R, Deb U, Bhaskar AS, Prasad GB, Rao PV. Hepatoprotective efficacy of certain flavonoids against microcystin induced toxicity in mice. Envir Toxicol. 2007;22(5):472-9.

Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier R. An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin. Forsch Komplementmed. 2008 Feb;15(1):9-20.

Saller R, Meier R, Brignoli R. The use of silymarin in the treatment of liver diseases. Drugs. 2001;61(14):2035-63.

[1747] Available at: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/422884. Accessed May 17, 2011.

Feher J, Lengyel G. Silymarin in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases and primary liver cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2001 Apr 5.

[1748] Wu YL, Lian LH, Jiang YZ, Nan JX. Hepatoprotective effects of salidroside on fulminant hepatic failure induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;61(10):1375-82.

Nakamura S, Li X, Matsuda H, et al. Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XXVI. Chemical structures and hepatoprotective effects of constituents from roots of Rhodiola sachalinensis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2007 Oct;55(10):1505-11.

Song EK, Kim JH, Kim JS, et al. Hepatoprotective phenolic constituents of Rhodiola sachalinensis on tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. Phytother Res. 2003 May;17(5):563-5.

Udintsev SN, Krylova SG, Fomina TI. The enhancement of the efficacy of adriamycin by using hepatoprotectors of plant origin in metastases of Ehrlich’s adenocarcinoma to the liver in mice. Vopr Onkol. 1992;38(10):1217-22.

[1749] Iaremii IN, Grigor’eva NF. Hepatoprotective properties of liquid extract of Rhodiola rosea. Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2002 Nov-Dec;65(6):57-9.

[1750] Wu YL, Lian LH, Jiang YZ, Nan JX. Hepatoprotective effects of salidroside on fulminant hepatic failure induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;61(10):1375-82.

[1751]http://www.lef.org/whatshot/2010_10.htm?utm_source=eNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_term=Archive&utm_content=WhatsHot&utm_campaign=2012Wk43-2&l=0#Garlic-shows-promise-for-protection-against-cardiomyopathy

[1752] American Pain Society. (2013, January 16). One-fourth of breast cancer surgery patients have persistent pain. ScienceDaily. Retrieved April 12, 2015

[1753] Gartner et al. Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Persistent Pain Following Breast Cancer Surgery. JAMA The Journal of the American Medical Association, 2009; 302 (18): 1985 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2009.1568

Loretta S. Loftus, Christine Laronga. Evaluating Patients With Chronic Pain After Breast Cancer Surgery: The Search for Relief. JAMA The Journal of the American Medical Association, 2009; 302 (18): 2034 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2009.1642

JAMA and Archives Journals. “Persistent Pain Common For Many Women 2 To 3 Years After Breast Cancer Treatment.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 11 November 2009.

[1754] http://www.lifeovercancerblog.com/life-over-cancer-blog/2010/12/overcoming-cancer-cachexia.html

[1755] Robidoux et al. Current Oncology 2009 G. Moxley. Clinical Breast Cancer

[1756] la Cour P¹, Petersen M.: Effects of mindfulness meditation on chronic pain: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Med. 2015 Apr;16(4):641-52. doi: 10.1111/pme.12605. Epub 2014 Nov 7.

[1757] _{Alimi D, Rubino C, Pichard-Léandri E, Fermand-Brulé S, Dubreuil-Lemaire ML, Hill C. “Analgesic effect of auricular acupuncture for cancer pain: a randomized, blinded, controlled trial.” J Clin Oncol. 2003 15;21(22):4120-6.} http://altmedicine.about.com/od/cance1/a/acupuncture_cancer.htm

[1758] Katherine D. Crew, Jillian L. Capodice, Heather Greenlee et al.:. Randomized, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for the Management of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Joint Symptoms in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2010; 28 (7): 1154 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.23.4708

Columbia University Medical Center. “Acupuncture may relieve joint pain caused by some breast cancer treatments.” ScienceDaily. 5 March 2010. http://www.sciencedaily.com

[1759] Laykea Tafesse, Toshiyuki Kanemasa, Noriyuki Kurose, Jianming Yu et al.: Structure–Activity Relationship Studies and Discovery of a Potent Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV1) Antagonist 4-[3-Chloro-5-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-2-pyridyl]-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-carboxamide (V. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2014; 57 (15): 6781 DOI:10.1021/jm500818a

American Chemical Society. “Treating pain by blocking the ‘chili-pepper receptor’.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 August 2014.

Amol M. Patwardhan, Armen N. Akopian, Nikita B. Ruparel, Anibal Diogenes, Susan T. Weintraub, Charis Uhlson, Robert C. Murphy and Kenneth M. Hargreaves. Heat generates oxidized linoleic acid metabolites that activate TRPV1 and produce pain in rodents. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2010; DOI: 10.1172/JCI41678

David A. Brown and Gayle M. Passmore. Some new insights into the molecular mechanisms of pain perception. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2010; DOI: 10.1172/JCI42143

University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. “Scientists learn to block pain at its source: New non-addictive painkillers from substance similar to ingredient in hot chili peppers.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 27 April 2010.

[1760] Hautkappe, M;Roizen, M F;Toledano, A;Roth, S;Jeffries, J A;Ostermeier, A M; Review of the effectiveness of capsaicin for painful cutaneous disorders and neural dysfunction. The Clinical journal of pain 1998

[1761] Deal CL¹, Schnitzer TJ, Lipstein E: Treatment of arthritis with topical capsaicin: a double-blind trial.

See comment in PubMed Commons below Clin Ther. 1991 May-Jun;13(3):383-95.

[1762] Kulkarni RR, Patki PS, Jog VP, Gandage SG, Patwardhan B. Treatment of osteoarthritis with a herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. J Ethnopharmacol. 1991 May-Jun;33(1-2):91-5.

[1763] Chopra A, Lavin P, Patwardhan B, Chitre D. A 32-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical evaluation of RA-11, an Ayurvedic drug, on osteoarthritis of the knees. J Clin Rheumatol. 2004 Oct;10(5):236-45.

[1764] http://www.doctoroz.com/blog/mao-shing-ni-lac-dom-phd/4-herbs-natural-pain-relief

http://altmedicine.about.com/od/healthconditionsdisease/a/pain_herbs.htm

[1765] Black CD, Herring MP, Hurley DJ, O’Connor PJ.: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces muscle pain caused by eccentric exercise.

See comment in PubMed Commons belowJ Pain. 2010 Sep;11(9):894-903. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2009.12.013. Epub 2010 Apr 24.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22The+journal+of+pain+%3A+official+journal+of+the+American+Pain+Society%22%5BJour%5D+AND+Black%5Bauthor%5D+AND+Ginger+%28Zingiber+officinale%29+Reduces+Muscle+Pain+Caused+by+Eccentric+Exercise&TransSchema=title&cmd=

[1766] http://www.blessedmaineherbs.com/chpare.html

[1767] http://www.motherearthliving.com/health-and-wellness/the-best-herbs-for-pain-relief.aspx

[1768] Warnock M., McBean D., Suter A. et al: Effectiveness and safety af devil´s Claw tablets in patients with general rhematic disorders. Phytotherapy Research 2007 21(12): 1228-333. http://altmedicine.about.com/od/healthconditionsdisease/a/pain_herbs.htm

[1769] Mercadante S, Serretta R, Casuccio A. Effects of caffeine as an adjuvant to morphine in advanced cancer patients. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2001 May;21(5):369-72. http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-022.shtml

[1770] Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2001 Jan;36(1):5-9.

[1771] Life Sci. 2009 Apr 10;84(15-16):489-98.

[1772] J Pineal Res. 2012 Apr;52(3):291-5.

Altern Med Rev. 2001 Aug;6(4):383-9.

Clin Rheumatol. 2000;19(1):9-13. Clin Rheumatol. 2000;19(1):9-13.

http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/content/108/4/1146.full Accessed September 4th, 2012.

http://blog.lef.org/2012/09/can-melatonin-help-relieve-pain.html

[1773] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. “Exercise can reduce drug-related joint pain in breast cancer patients, study shows.” ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 12 December 2013. http://www.sciencedaily.com

[1774] Denollet J, Maas K, Knottnerus A, Keyzer JJ, Pop VJ. Anxiety predicted premature all-cause and cardiovascular death in a 10-year follow-up of middle-aged women. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Apr;62(4):452-6.
Yehuda S, Rabinovitz S, Mostofsky DI. Mixture of essential fatty acids lowers test anxiety. Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Aug;8(4):265-7.
Ross BM. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and anxiety disorders. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2009 Nov-Dec;81(5-6):309-12.
Buydens-Branchey L, Branchey M. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease anxiety feelings in a population of substance abusers. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Dec;26(6):661-5.

[1775] http://www.cancer.dk/nyheder/brystkraeftpatienter-har-stoerre-risiko-for-depressioner/?utm_campaign=brystkr%C3%A6ftpatienter%20har%20st%C3%B8rre%20risiko%20for%20depression&utm_medium=kr%C3%A6ftens%20bek%C3%A6mpelses%20nyhedsbrev&utm_source=Newsletter

[1776] Bennett MP, Zeller JM et al. The effect of mirthful laughter on stress and natural killer cell activity. Altern Ther Health Med. 2003 Mar;9(2):38-45.
Berk LS, Felten DL et al. Modulation of neuroimmune parameters during the eustress of humor-associated mirthful laughter. Altern Ther Health Med. 2001 Mar;7(2):62-6.
Christie W, Moore C. The impact of humor on patients with cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2005 Apr;9(2):211-8.
Takahashi K, Iwase M et al. The elevation of natural killer cell activity induced by laughter in a crossover designed study. Int J Mol Med. 2001 Dec;8(6):645-50.

[1777] Hernandez-Reif M, Field T et al. Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Apr;115(4):495-510.
Hernandez-Reif M, Ironson G et al. Breast cancer patients have improved immune and neuroendocrine functions following massage therapy. J Psychosom Res. 2004 Jul;57(1):45-52.
Hidderley M, Holt M. A pilot randomized trial assessing the effects of autogenic training in early stage cancer patients in relation to psychological status and immune system responses. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004 Mar;8(1):61-5.

[1778] Hernandez-Reif M, Field T et al. Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Apr;115(4):495-510.
Hernandez-Reif M, Ironson G et al. Breast cancer patients have improved immune and neuroendocrine functions following massage therapy. J Psychosom Res. 2004 Jul;57(1):45-52.

[1779] Hernandez-Reif M, Field T et al. Natural killer cells and lymphocytes increase in women with breast cancer following massage therapy. Int J Neurosci. 2005 Apr;115(4):495-510.
Hernandez-Reif M, Ironson G et al. Breast cancer patients have improved immune and neuroendocrine functions following massage therapy. J Psychosom Res. 2004 Jul;57(1):45-52.

[1780] Awad R, Muhammad A, Durst T, Trudeau VL, Arnason JT. Bioassay-guided fractionation of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) using an in vitro measure of GABA transaminase activity. Phytother Res. 2009 Aug;23(8):1075-81.

[1781] Ibarra A, Feuillere N, Roller M, Lesburgere E, Beracochea D. Effects of chronic administration of Melissa officinalis L. extract on anxiety-like reactivity and on circadian and exploratory activities in mice. Phytomedicine. 2010 May;17(6):397-403.

[1782] Block KI, Gyllenhaal C, Mead MN. Safety and efficacy of herbal sedatives in cancer care. Integr Cancer Ther. 2004 Jun;3(2):128-48.

Campo-Soria C, Chang Y, Weiss DS. Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines on GABAA receptors. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Aug;148(7):984-90.

[1783] Soulimani R, Fleurentin J, Mortier F, et al. Neurotropic action of the hydroalcoholic extract of Melissa officinalis in the mouse. Planta Med. 1991 Apr;57(2):105-9

[1784] Salah SM, Jager AK. Screening of traditionally used Lebanese herbs for neurological activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Feb 10;97(1):145-9.

[1785] Dimpfel W, Pischel I, Lehnfeld R. Effects of lozenge containing lavender oil, extracts from hops, lemon balm and oat on electrical brain activity of volunteers. Eur J Med Res. 2004 Sep 29;9(9):423-31

[1786] http://www.nutraingredients.com/news/ng.asp?id=75166-berkem-lemon-balm-extract-stress-anxiety 2007.

[1787] Bystritsky A, Kerwin L, Feusner JD. A Pilot Study of Rhodiola rosea (Rhodax((R))) for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Mar;14(2):175-80.

[1788] Li T, Xu G, Wu L, Sun C. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of salidroside from the Chinese medicinal plant Rhodiola sachalinensis. Phytomedicine. 2007 Sep;14(9):601-4.

[1789] Mattioli L, Perfumi M. Rhodiola rosea L. extract reduces stress- and CRF-induced anorexia in rats. J Psychopharmacol. 2007 Sep;21(7):742-50.

[1790] Moussaieff A, Rimmerman N, Bregman T, et al. Incensole acetate, an incense component, elicitspsychoactivity by activating TRPV3 channels in the brain. FASEB J. 2008 Aug;22(8):3024-34.

[1791] McNamara RK, Hahn CG, Jandacek R, et al. Selective deficits in the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Jul 1;62(1):17-24.
McNamara RK, Jandacek R, Rider T, et al. Deficits in docosahexaenoic acid and associated elevations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and saturated fatty acids in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2008 Sep 30;160(3):285-99.

[1792] Sublette ME, Hibbeln JR, Galfalvy H, Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. Omega-3 polyunsaturated essential fatty acid status as a predictor of future suicide risk. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;163(6):1100-2.

[1793] Colangelo LA, He K, Whooley MA, Daviglus ML, Liu K. Higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is inversely associated with depressive symptoms in women. Nutrition. 2009 Oct;25(10):1011-9.
Sanchez-Villegas A, Henriquez P, Figueiras A, Ortuno F, Lahortiga F, Martinez-Gonzalez MA. Long chain omega-3 fatty acids intake, fish consumption and mental disorders in the SUN cohort study. Eur J Nutr. 2007 Sep;46(6):337-46.

[1794] Rondanelli M, Giacosa A, Opizzi A, et al. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on depressive symptoms and on health-related quality of life in the treatment of elderly women with depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Feb;29(1):55-64.
Freeman MP, Hibbeln JR, Silver M, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for major depressive disorder associated with the menopausal transition: a preliminary open trial. Menopause. 2011 Mar;18(3):279-84.
Tajalizadekhoob Y, Sharifi F, Fakhrzadeh H, et al. The effect of low-dose omega 3 fatty acids on the treatment of mild to moderate depression in the elderly: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 Feb 12.

[1795] Yehuda S, Rabinovitz S, Mostofsky DI. Mixture of essential fatty acids lowers test anxiety. Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Aug;8(4):265-7.

[1796] Bhui, K., and A. Fletcher. Common mood and anxiety states: gender differences in the protective effect of physical activity. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2000;35: 28–35

Young-McCaughan, S. and D.L. Sexton. A retrospective investigation of the relationship between aerobic exercise and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum. 1991; 18(4): 751-757

Carter SD, Drum SN, Hayward R, Schneider CM. A case study: prescriptive exercise intervention after bilateral mastectomies. Integr Cancer Ther. 2003;2(1):34-8

Courneya KS, Mackey JR, Bell GJ, Jones LW, Field CJ, Fairey AS. Randomized controlled trial of exercise training in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors: cardiopulmonary and quality of life outcomes. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(9):1660-8

Dunn AL. Trivedi MH. O’Neal HA. Physical activity dose-response effects on outcomes of depression and anxiety. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.2001; 33(6 Suppl):S587-97. Block 2009

[1797] Mock V, Dow KH, Meares CJ, Grimm PM, Dienemann JA. et al. Effects of exercise on fatigue, physical functioning, and emotional distress during radiation therapy for breast cancer. Oncol. Nurs Forum 1997; 24: 991-1000

Johnson,J.B., and A.W. Kelly. A multifaceted rehabilitation program for women with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum 1990; 17(5): 691-695

Stevinson, C., Lawlor, D.A. & Fox, K.R. (2004). Exercise interventions for cancer patients: systematic review of controlled trials. Cancer Causes & Control 15(10), 1035-1056.

Markes, M., Brockow, T.& Resch, K.L. (2006, August 22). Exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2. Retrieved May 15, 2007 from http://gateway.ut.ovid.com.proxy.cc.uic.edu/gw1/ovidweb.cgi. Block 2009

[1798] Riley PA. Free radicals in biology: oxidative stress and the effects of ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 1994 Jan;65(1):27-33.

Fang YZ, Yang S, Wu G. Free radicals, antioxidants, and nutrition. Nutrition. 2002 Oct;18(10):872-9.

Weiss JF, Landauer MR. Radioprotection by antioxidants. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;899:44-60.

Weiss JF, Landauer MR. Protection against ionizing radiation by antioxidant nutrients and phytochemicals. Toxicology. 2003 Jul 15;189(1-2):1-20.

Klingler W, Kreja L, Nothdurft W, Selig C. Influence of different radioprotective compounds on radiotolerance and cell cycle distribution of human progenitor cells of granulocytopoiesis in vitro. Br J Haematol. 2002 Oct;119(1):244-54.

Okunieff P, Swarts S, Keng P, et al. Antioxidants reduce consequences of radiation exposure. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;614:165-78.

Vijayalaxmi, Reiter RJ, Herman TS, Meltz ML. Melatonin reduces gamma radiation-induced primary DNA damage in human blood lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 1998 Feb 2;397(2):203-8.

[1799] Annabi B, Lee YT, Martel C, Pilorget A, Bahary JP, Beliveau R. Radiation induced-tubulogenesis in endothelial cells is antagonized by the antiangiogenic properties of green tea polyphenol (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Cancer Biol Ther. 2003 Nov-Dec;2(6):642-9.

Bickenbach KA, Veerapong J, Shao MY, et al. Resveratrol is an effective inducer of CArG-driven TNF-alpha gene therapy. Cancer Gene Ther. 2008 Mar;15(3):133-9.

[1800] Bader Y, Getoff N. Effect of resveratrol and mixtures of resveratrol and mitomycin C on cancer cells under irradiation. Anticancer Res. 2006 Nov-Dec;26(6B):4403-8.

Reagan-Shaw S, Mukhtar H, Ahmad N. Resveratrol imparts photoprotection of normal cells and enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy in cancer cells. Photochem Photobiol. 2008 Mar-Apr;84(2):415-21.

[1801] Carsten RE, Bachand AM, Bailey SM, Ullrich RL. Resveratrol reduces radiation-induced chromosome aberration frequencies in mouse bone marrow cells. Radiat Res. 2008 Jun;169(6):633-8.

[1802] Velioglu-Ogunc A, Sehirli O, Toklu HZ, et al. Resveratrol protects against irradiation-induced hepatic and ileal damage via its anti-oxidative activity. Free Radic Res. 2009;43(11):1060-71.

[1803] Chawla R, Arora R, Sagar RK, et al. 3-O-beta-D-Galactopyranoside of quercetin as an active principle from high altitude Podophyllum hexandrum and evaluation of its radioprotective properties. Z Naturforsch C. 2005 Sep-Oct;60(9-10):728-38.

[1804] Devipriya N, Sudheer AR, Srinivasan M, Menon VP. Quercetin ameliorates gamma radiation-induced DNA damage and biochemical changes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 2008 Jun 30;654(1):1-7.

[1805] Uchida S, Ozaki M, Suzuki K, Shikita M. Radioprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (green-tea tannin) in mice. Life Sci. 1992;50(2):147-52.

[1806] Kim SH, Kim SR, Lee HJ, et al. Apoptosis in growing hair follicles following gamma-irradiation and application for the evaluation of radioprotective agents. In Vivo. 2003 Mar-Apr;17(2):211-4.

Lee HJ, Kim JS, Moon C, et al. Modification of gamma-radiation response in mice by green tea polyphenols. Phytother Res. 2008 Oct;22(10):1380-3.

[1807] Landauer MR, Srinivasan V, Seed TM. Genistein treatment protects mice from ionizing radiation injury. J Appl Toxicol. 2003 Nov-Dec;23(6):379-85.

[1808] Zavodnik LB. Isoflavone genistein-8-c-glycoside prevents the oxidative damages in structure and function of rat liver microsomal membranes. Radiats Biol Radioecol. 2003 Jul-Aug;43(4):432-8.

[1809] Zhou Y, Mi MT. Genistein stimulates hematopoiesis and increases survival in irradiated mice. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2005 Dec;46(4):425-33.
Davis TA, Clarke TK, Mog SR, Landauer MR. Subcutaneous administration of genistein prior to lethal irradiation supports multilineage, hematopoietic progenitor cell recovery and survival. Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Mar;83(3):141-51.

[1810] Singh VK, Grace MB, Parekh VI, Whitnall MH, Landauer MR. Effects of genistein administration on cytokine induction in whole-body gamma irradiated mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Nov;9(12):1401-10.

[1811] Dittmann K, Loffler H, Bamberg M, Rodemann HP. Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor (BBI) modulates radiosensitivity and radiation-induced differentiation of human fibroblasts in culture. Radiother Oncol. 1995 Feb;34(2):137-43.

[1812] Dittmann KH, Gueven N, Mayer C, Rodemann HP. The radioprotective effect of BBI is associated with the activation of DNA repair-relevant genes. Int J Radiat Biol. 1998 Aug;74(2):225-30.

Dittmann K, Mayer C, Kehlbach R, Rodemann HP. The radioprotector Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor stimulates DNA repair via epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylation and nuclear transport. Radiother Oncol. 2008 Mar;86(3):375-82.

Gueven N, Dittmann K, Mayer C, Rodemann HP. Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor reduces the radiation-induced activation of the EGF receptor and induces tyrosine phosphatase activity. Int J Radiat Biol. 1998 Feb;73(2):157-62.

[1813] Dittmann KH, Dikomey E, Mayer C, Rodemann HP. The Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor enhances clonogenic cell survival of ionizing radiation-treated nucleotide excision repair-competent cells but not of xeroderma pigmentosum cells. Int J Radiat Biol. 2000 Feb;76(2):223-9.

Dittmann KH, Mayer C, Rodemann HP. Radioprotection of normal tissue to improve radiotherapy: the effect of the Bowman Birk protease inhibitor. Curr Med Chem Anticancer Agents. 2003 Sep;3(5):360-3.

[1814] Friedman M, Brandon DL. Nutritional and health benefits of soy proteins. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Mar;49(3):1069-86.

Losso JN. The biochemical and functional food properties of the bowman-birk inhibitor. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2008 Jan;48(1):94-118.

[1815] Choudhary D, Chandra D, Kale RK. Modulation of radioresponse of glyoxalase system by curcumin. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999 Jan;64(1):1-7.

[1816] Inano H, Onoda M. Radioprotective action of curcumin extracted from Curcuma longa LINN: inhibitory effect on formation of urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, tumorigenesis, but not mortality, induced by gamma-ray irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Jul 1;53(3):735-43.

Srinivasan M, Rajendra Prasad N, Menon VP. Protective effect of curcumin on gamma-radiation induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in cultured human lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 2006 Dec 10;611(1-2):96-103.

[1817] Jagetia GC. Radioprotection and radiosensitization by curcumin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;595:301-20.

[1818] Lee JC, Kinniry PA, Arguiri E, et al. Dietary curcumin increases antioxidant defenses in lung, ameliorates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and improves survival in mice. Radiat Res. 2010 May;173(5):590-601.

[1819] Herman-Antosiewicz A, Powolny AA, Singh SV. Molecular targets of cancer chemoprevention by garlic-derived organosulfides. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007 Sep;28(9):1355-64.

Jagetia GC, Baliga MS, Venkatesh P, Ulloor JN. Influence of ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc) on survival, glutathione and lipid peroxidation in mice after whole-body exposure to gamma radiation. Radiat Res. 2003 Nov;160(5):584-92.

Jagetia G, Baliga M, Venkatesh P. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), a dietary supplement, protects mice against radiation-induced lethality: mechanism of action. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2004 Aug;19(4):422-35.

Sharma A, Haksar A, Chawla R, et al. Zingiber officinale Rosc. modulates gamma radiation-induced conditioned taste aversion. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2005 Aug;81(4):864-70.

Haksar A, Sharma A, Chawla R, et al. Zingiber officinale exhibits behavioral radioprotection against radiation-induced CTA in a gender-specific manner. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2006 Jun;84(2):179-88.

Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2004 Aug;19(4):422-35

[1820] Singh SP, Abraham SK, Kesavan PC. In vivo radioprotection with garlic extract. Mutat Res. 1995 Dec;345(3-4):147-53.

[1821] Singh SP, Abraham SK, Kesavan PC. Radioprotection of mice following garlic pretreatment. Br J Cancer Suppl. 1996 Jul;27:S102-4.

[1822] Lee EK, Chung SW, Kim JY, et al. Allylmethylsulfide Down-Regulates X-Ray Irradiation-Induced Nuclear Factor-kappaB Signaling in C57/BL6 Mouse Kidney. J Med Food. 2009 Jun;12(3):542-51.

[1823] Lin R. Garlic in Nutrition and Medicine.1989.

[1824] Arora R, Chawla R, Sagar R, et al. Evaluation of radioprotective activities Rhodiola imbricata Edgew–a high altitude plant. Mol Cell Biochem. 2005 May;273(1-2):209-23.

[1825] Emerit I, Arutyunyan R, Oganesian N, et al. Radiation-induced clastogenic factors: anticlastogenic effect of Ginkgo biloba extract. Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Jun;18(6):985-91.

Alaoui-Youssefi A, Lamproglou I, Drieu K, Emerit I. Anticlastogenic effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) and some of its constituents in irradiated rats. Mutat Res. 1999 Sep 15;445(1):99-104.

Emerit I, Oganesian N, Sarkisian T, et al. Clastogenic factors in the plasma of Chernobyl accident recovery workers: anticlastogenic effect of Ginkgo biloba extract. Radiat Res. 1995 Nov;144(2):198-205.

Sener G, Kabasakal L, Atasoy BM, et al. Ginkgo biloba extract protects against ionizing radiation-induced oxidative organ damage in rats. Pharmacol Res. 2006 Mar;53(3):241-52.

Dardano A, Ballardin M, Ferdeghini M, et al. Anticlastogenic effect of Ginkgo biloba extract in Graves’ disease patients receiving radioiodine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Nov;92(11):4286-9.

[1826] Kumar M, Sharma MK, Saxena PS, Kumar A. Radioprotective effect of Panax ginseng on the phosphatases and lipid peroxidation level in testes of Swiss albino mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Mar;26(3):308-12.

Takeda A, Katoh N, Yonezawa M. Restoration of radiation injury by ginseng. III. Radioprotective effect of thermostable fraction of ginseng extract on mice, rats and guinea pigs. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 1982 Jun;23(2):150-67.

Kim SH, Cho CK, Yoo SY, Koh KH, Yun HG, Kim TH. In vivo radioprotective activity of Panax ginseng and diethyldithiocarbamate. In Vivo. 1993 Sep-Oct;7(5):467-70.

Kim TH, Lee YS, Cho CK, Park S, Choi SY, Yool SY. Protective effect of ginseng on radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks and repair in murine lymphocytes. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 1996 Aug;11(4):267-72.

Lee TK, Allison RR, O’Brien KF, et al. Ginseng reduces the micronuclei yield in lymphocytes after irradiation. Mutat Res. 2004 Jan 10;557(1):75-84.

Lee TK, Johnke RM, Allison RR, O’Brien KF, Dobbs LJ, Jr. Radioprotective potential of ginseng. Mutagenesis. 2005 Jul;20(4):237-43.

[1827] Kim SH, Jeong KS, Ryu SY, Kim TH. Panax ginseng prevents apoptosis in hair follicles and accelerates recovery of hair medullary cells in irradiated mice. In Vivo. 1998 Mar-Apr;12(2):219-22.

Kim SH, Son CH, Nah SY, Jo SK, Jang JS, Shin DH. Modification of radiation response in mice by Panax ginseng and diethyldithiocarbamate. In Vivo. 2001 Sep-Oct;15(5):407-11.

[1828] Kumar M, Sharma MK, Saxena PS, Kumar A. Radioprotective effect of Panax ginseng on the phosphatases and lipid peroxidation level in testes of Swiss albino mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Mar;26(3):308-12.

Song JY, Han SK, Bae KG, et al. Radioprotective effects of ginsan, an immunomodulator. Radiat Res. 2003 Jun;159(6):768-74.

[1829] Lee TK, O’Brien KF, Wang W, et al. Radioprotective effect of american ginseng on human lymphocytes at 90 minutes postirradiation: a study of 40 cases. J Altern Complement Med. 2010 May;16(5):561-7.

[1830] Kozurkova M, Hakova H, Misurova E. The effect of silymarin, a hepatoprotective substance, on liver histones in irradiated rats. Vet Med (Praha). 1994;39(2-3):85-92.

Kropacova K, Misurova E, Hakova H. Protective and therapeutic effect of silymarin on the development of latent liver damage. Radiats Biol Radioecol. 1998 May-Jun;38(3):411-5.

[1831] Tiwari P, Kumar A, Ali M, Mishra KP. Radioprotection of plasmid and cellular DNA and Swiss mice by silibinin. Mutat Res. 2010 Jan;695(1-2):55-60.

Ramadan LA, Roushdy HM, Abu Senna GM, Amin NE, El-Deshw OA. Radioprotective effect of silymarin against radiation induced hepatotoxicity. Pharmacol Res. 2002 Jun;45(6):447-54.

[1832] Selig C, Nothdurft W, Fliedner TM. Radioprotective effect of N-acetylcysteine on granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming cells of human bone marrow. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1993;119(6):346-9.

[1833] Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, et al. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuates the acute liver injury caused by X-ray in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Dec 1;575(1-3):142-8.

Kilciksiz S, Demirel C, Erdal N, et al. The effect of N-acetylcysteine on biomarkers for radiation-induced oxidative damage in a rat model. Acta Med Okayama. 2008 Dec;62(6):403-9.

[1834] Baier JE, Neumann HA, Moeller T, Kissler M, Borchardt D, Ricken D. Radiation protection through cytokine release by N-acetylcysteine. Strahlenther Onkol. 1996 Feb;172(2):91-8.

Demirel C, Kilciksiz S, Ay OI, Gurgul S, Ay ME, Erdal N. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on radiation-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in rat bone marrow. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2009 Jan;50(1):43-50.

Tiwari P, Kumar A, Balakrishnan S, Kushwaha HS, Mishra KP. Radiation-induced micronucleus formation and DNA damage in human lymphocytes and their prevention by antioxidant thiols. Mutat Res. 2009 May 31;676(1-2):62-8.

Wambi C, Sanzari J, Wan XS, et al. Dietary antioxidants protect hematopoietic cells and improve animal survival after total-body irradiation. Radiat Res. 2008 Apr;169(4):384-96.

[1835] Reiter RJ. Mechanisms of cancer inhibition by melatonin. J Pineal Res. 2004;37(3):213-4.

Karbownik M, Reiter RJ. Antioxidative effects of melatonin in protection against cellular damage caused by ionizing radiation. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000 Oct;225(1):9-22.

Vijayalaxmi, Reiter RJ, et al. Melatonin as a radioprotective agent: a review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;59(3):639-53.

[1836] Blask DE, Hill SM. Effects of melatonin on cancer: studies on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in culture. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1986;21:433-49.

Subramanian A, Kothari L. Suppressive effect by melatonin on different phases of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary gland carcinogenesis. Anticancer Drugs. 1991;2(3):297-303.

[1837] Vijayalaxmi, Reiter RJ, Herman TS, et al. Melatonin reduces gamma radiation-induced primary DNA damage in human blood lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 1998 Feb;397(2):203-8.

Karslioglu I, Ertekin MV, et al. Radioprotective effects of melatonin on radiation-induced cataract. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2005 Jun;46(2):277-82.

Badr FM, El Habit OH, Harraz MM. Radioprotective effect of melatonin assessed by measuring chromosomal damage in mitotic and meiotic cells. Mutat Res. 1999 Aug 18;444(2):367-72.

Koc M, Buyukokuroglu ME, Taysi S. The effect of melatonin on peripheral blood cells during total body irradiation in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 May;25(5):656-7.

[1838] Conti A, Maestroni GJ. The clinical neuroimmunotherapeutic role of melatonin in oncology. J Pineal Res. 1995;19(3):103-10.

[1839] Yong LC, Petersen MR, Sigurdson AJ, Sampson LA, Ward EM. High dietary antioxidant intakes are associated with decreased chromosome translocation frequency in airline pilots. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov;90(5):1402-10.

Chen B, Zhou XC. Protective effect of natural dietary antioxidants on space radiation-induced damages. Space Med Med Eng (Beijing). 2003;16 Suppl:514-8.

[1840] Burns FJ, Chen S, Xu G, Wu F, Tang MS. The action of a dietary retinoid on gene expression and cancer induction in electron-irradiated rat skin. J Radiat Res (Tokyo). 2002 Dec;43 Suppl:S229-32.

Nubel T, Dippold W, Kaina B, Fritz G. Ionizing radiation-induced E-selectin gene expression and tumor cell adhesion is inhibited by lovastatin and all-trans retinoic acid. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Aug;25(8):1335-44.

Zhang R, Burns FJ, Chen H, Chen S, Wu F. Alterations in gene expression in rat skin exposed to 56Fe ions and dietary vitamin A acetate. Radiat Res. 2006 May;165(5):570-81.

[1841] Levitsky J, Hong JJ et al. Oral vitamin a therapy for a patient with a severely symptomatic postradiation anal ulceration: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003 May;46(5):679-82.

[1841] Vorotnikova E, Tries M et al. Retinoids and TIMP1 prevent radiation-induced apoptosis of capillary endothelial cells. Radiat Res. 2004 Feb;161(2):174-84.

[1842] Marekova M, Vavrova J, Vokurkova D, Psutka J. Modulation of ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by all-trans retinoic acid in promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60). Physiol Res. 2003;52(5):599-606.

[1843] Vorotnikova E, Tries M, Braunhut S. Retinoids and TIMP1 prevent radiation-induced apoptosis of capillary endothelial cells. Radiat Res. 2004 Feb;161(2):174-84.

[1844] Ben-Amotz A, Yatziv S, Sela M, et al. Effect of natural beta-carotene supplementation in children exposed to radiation from the Chernobyl accident. Radiat Environ Biophys. 1998 Oct;37(3):187-93.

[1845] Ben Amotz A, Yatziv S, Sela M, et al. Effect of natural beta-carotene supplementation in children exposed to radiation from the Chernobyl accident. Radiat Environ Biophys. 1998 Oct;37(3):187-93.

[1846] Lenton KJ, Therriault H, Fulop T, Payette H, Wagner JR. Glutathione and ascorbate are negatively correlated with oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Apr;20(4):607-13.

Konopacka M, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Antioxidant vitamins C, E and beta-carotene reduce DNA damage before as well as after gamma-ray irradiation of human lymphocytes in vitro. Mutat Res. 2001 Apr 5;491(1-2):1-7.

Konopacka M, Palyvoda O, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid post-treatment on radiation-induced chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes in vitro. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 2002;22(6):443-50.

[1847] Witenberg B, Kletter Y, Kalir HH, et al. Ascorbic acid inhibits apoptosis induced by X irradiation in HL60 myeloid leukemia cells. Radiat Res. 1999 Nov;152(5):468-78.

[1848] Waldren CA, Vannais DB, Ueno AM. A role for long-lived radicals (LLR) in radiation-induced mutation and persistent chromosomal instability: counteraction by ascorbate and RibCys but not DMSO. Mutat Res. 2004 Jul 13;551(1-2):255-65.

[1849] Riley PA. Free radicals in biology: oxidative stress and the effects of ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 1994 Jan;65(1):27-33.

[1850] Prasad KN, Kumar B, Yan XD, Hanson AJ, Cole WC. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate, the most effective form of vitamin E for adjuvant cancer treatment: a review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2003 Apr;22(2):108-17.

[1851] Singh VK, Shafran RL, Jackson WE, 3rd, Seed TM, Kumar KS. Induction of cytokines by radioprotective tocopherol analogs. Exp Mol Pathol. 2006 Aug;81(1):55-61.

[1852] Singh VK, Shafran RL, Jackson WE, 3rd, Seed TM, Kumar KS. Induction of cytokines by radioprotective tocopherol analogs. Exp Mol Pathol. 2006 Aug;81(1):55-61.

Singh VK, Brown DS, Kao TC. Alpha-tocopherol succinate protects mice from gamma-radiation by induction of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. Int J Radiat Biol. 2010 Jan;86(1):12-21.

[1853] Kayan M, Naziroglu M, Celik O, Yalman K, Koylu H. Vitamin C and E combination modulates oxidative stress induced by X-ray in blood of smoker and nonsmoker radiology technicians. Cell Biochem Funct. 2009 Oct;27(7):424-9.

[1854] Weiss JF, Landauer MR. Protection against ionizing radiation by antioxidant nutrients and phytochemicals. Toxicology. 2003;189(1-2):1-20.

Schueller P, Puettmann S, et al. Selenium influences the radiation sensitivity of C6 rat glioma cells. Anticancer Res. 2004;24(5A):2913-7.

[1855] Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, et al. Selenium and immunocompetence in patients with head and neck cancer. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2000;73(2):97-111.

[1856] Alpha-lipoic acid. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2006 Sep;11(3):232-7.

[1857] Brown SL, Kolozsvary A, Liu J, Jenrow KA, Ryu S, Kim JH. Antioxidant diet supplementation starting 24 hours after exposure reduces radiation lethality. Radiat Res. 2010 Apr;173(4):462-8.

[1858] Zueva NA, Metelitsa LA, Kovalenko AN, Efimov AS. Immunomodulating effect of berlithione in clean-up workers of the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident. Lik Sprava. 2002;(1):24-6.

[1859] Davis GD, Masilamoni JG, Arul V, et al. Radioprotective effect of DL-alpha-lipoic acid on mice skin fibroblasts. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2009 Aug;25(4):331-40.

[1860] Dani V, Dhawan DK. Radioprotective role of zinc following single dose radioiodine (131I) exposure to red blood cells of rats. Indian J Med Res. 2005 Oct;122(4):338-42.

Dani V, Dhawan D. Zinc as an antiperoxidative agent following iodine-131 induced changes on the antioxidant system and on the morphology of red blood cells in rats. Hell J Nucl Med. 2006 Jan-Apr;9(1):22-6.

[1861] Floersheim GL, Chiodetti N, Bieri A. Differential radioprotection of bone marrow and tumour cells by zinc aspartate. Br J Radiol. 1988 Jun;61(726):501-8.

[1862] Epperly MW, Gretton JE, Sikora CA, et al. Mitochondrial localization of superoxide dismutase is required for decreasing radiation-induced cellular damage. Radiat Res. 2003 Nov;160(5):568-78.

[1863] Alcaraz M, Acevedo C, Castillo J, et al. Liposoluble antioxidants provide an effective radioprotective barrier. Br J Radiol. 2009 Jul;82(979):605-9.

[1864] Qishen P, Guo BJ, Kolman A. Radioprotective effect of extract from Spirulina platensis in mouse bone marrow cells studied by using the micronucleus test. Toxicol Lett. 1989 Aug;48(2):165-9.

[1865] Shetty TK, Satav JG, Nair CK. Protection of DNA and microsomal membranes in vitro by Glycyrrhiza glabra L. against gamma irradiation. Phytother Res. 2002 Sep;16(6):576-8.

[1866] Singh I, Sharma A, Nunia V, Goyal PK. Radioprotection of Swiss albino mice by Emblica officinalis. Phytother Res. 2005 May;19(5):444-6.

[1867] Jindal A, Soyal D, Sharma A, Goyal PK. Protective effect of an extract of Emblica officinalis against radiation-induced damage in mice. Integr Cancer Ther. 2009 Mar;8(1):98-105.

[1868] Del Bano MJ, Castillo J, Benavente-Garcia O, et al. Radioprotective-antimutagenic effects of rosemary phenolics against chromosomal damage induced in human lymphocytes by gamma-rays. J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Mar 22;54(6):2064-8.