[173] Lise Alschuler, Karolyn A. Gazella: Definite Guide to Cancer. An Integrative Approach to Prevention, Treatment and Healing. 2. ed. Celestial Arts 2007
[174] Engel, J. et al.: Communication, quality of life and age: Results of a 5-year prospective study in breast cancer patients. Annals of Oncology 14(3): 421-427.
[175] Alschuler 2007
[176] Haber D. Roads Leading to Breast Cancer. N.E.J.M. 2002, Nov. 23, 343(21): 1566-8.
[177] Thompson, L., Schild, D. Recombinational DNA repair and human disease. Mutation Res 2002, 509: 49-78.
[178] Burzynski SR. Aging: gene silencing or gene activation? Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(1):201-8.
[179] Gorbunova V, Seluanov A. Making ends meet in old age: DSB repair and aging. Mech Ageing Dev. 2005 Jun-Jul;126(6-7):621-8.
[180] Simone CB. Cancer and Nutrition. Lawrenceville, NJ: Princeton Institute; 2005.
[181] Ombra MN, Di Santi A, Abbondanza C, Migliaccio A, Avvedimento EV, Perillo B. Retinoic acid impairs estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells by interfering with activation of LSD1 via PKA. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 May;1829(5):480-6.
Lobenhofer EK, Huper G, Iglehart JD, Marks JR. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in MCF-7 cells prevents estrogen-induced mitogenesis. Cell Growth Differ. 2000 Feb;11(2):99-110.
[182] Simone CB. Cancer and Nutrition. Lawrenceville, NJ: Princeton Institute; 2005.
[183] http://esundhed.dk/sundhedsregistre/CAR01/Sider/Tabel.aspx
[184] https://www.cancer.dk/brystkraeft-mammacancer/statistik-brystkraeft/
[185] Juel, Knud: Kræftdødeligheden i Danmark. Dagens Medicin. Kræftsymposium 09. Statens Institut for Folkesundhed 2009.
[186] https://www.cancer.dk/brystkraeft-mammacancer/statistik-brystkraeft/
[187] Tan WW et al. Metastatic Cancer With Unknown Primary Site. Medscape web page. Background. Available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280505-overview. Accessed 10/24/2011.
[188] Cancer that has spread beyond the primary site region. FORTUNE CHARTS / SOURCE: SURVEILLANCE, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND END RESULTS (SEER). http://www.healingcancernaturally.com/conventional-cancer-treatment.html
[190] http://www.netdoktor.dk
[191] http://www.cancer.dk
[192] Dr Per-Henrik Zahl, Prof Peter C Gøtzsche, Prof Jan Mæhlen: Natural history of breast cancers detected in the Swedish mammography screening programme: a cohort study. The Lancet Oncology Volume 12, No. 12, p1118–1124, November 2011. http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(11)70250-9/abstractxPer-Henrik Zahl
Search for articles by this author
Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
Correspondence
- Correspondence to: Dr Per-Henrik Zahl, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
x
Per-Henrik Zahl
Search for articles by this author
Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
Correspondence
- Correspondence to: Dr Per-Henrik Zahl, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/brystkraeft-forsvinder-af-sig-selv
[193] Elmore JG, Miglioretti DL, Reisch LM, et al. Screening mammograms by community radiologists: variability in false-positive rates. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Sep 18;94(18):1373-80.
[194] Yankaskas BC, Schell MJ, Bird RE, et al. Reassessment of breast cancers missed during routine screening mammography: a community-based study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Sep;177(3):535-41.
[195] Woolf SH. The accuracy and effectiveness of routine population screening with mammography, prostate-specific antigen, and prenatal ultrasound: a review of published scientific evidence. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2001;17(3):275-304.
[196] Twenty five year follow-up for breast cancer incidence and mortality of the Canadian National Breast Screening Study: randomised screening trial
BMJ 2014; 348 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g366 (Published 11 February 2014)
[197] http://www.netdoktor.dk
[198] Carter CL, Allen C, Henson DE. Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases. Cancer. 1989 Jan 1;63(1):181-7.
[199] Harris JRMMNL. Malignant tumors of the breast.1997( Section 2).
[200] Turner RR, Ollila DW, Krasne DL, et al. Histopathologic validation of the sentinel lymph node hypothesis for breast carcinoma. Ann Surg. 1997 Sep;226(3):271-6.
[201] Weaver DL, Krag DN, Ashikaga T, et al. Pathologic analysis of sentinel and nonsentinel lymph nodes in breast carcinoma: a multicenter study. Cancer. 2000 Mar 1;88(5):1099-107.
[202] http://www.biotechacademy.dk/Undervisningsprojekter/Gymnasiale-projekter/mikrochip/teori/cancergener
[203] Mancuso P, Whelan J, DeMichele SJ, et al. Dietary fish oil and fish and borage oil suppress intrapulmonary proinflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis and attenuate pulmonary neutrophil accumulation in endotoxic rats. Crit Care Med. 1997 Jul;25(7):1198-206
Dimri M, Bommi PV, Sahasrabuddhe AA, Khandekar JD, Dimri GP. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress expression of EZH2 in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 2010 Mar;31(3):489-95.
[204] Duursma AM, Agami R. Ras interference as cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol. 2003 Aug;13(4):267-73.
Minamoto T, Mai M, Ronai Z. K-ras mutation: early detection in molecular diagnosis and risk assessment of colorectal, pancreas, and lung cancers–a review. Cancer Detect Prev. 2000;24(1):1-12.
Vachtenheim J. Occurrence of ras mutations in human lung cancer. Minireview. Neoplasma. 1997;44(3):145-9.
Bartram CR. Mutations in ras genes in myelocytic leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Cells. 1988;14(2-3):533-8.
Bos JL. ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res. 1989 Sep;49(17):4682-9.
Minamoto T, Mai M, Ronai Z. K-ras mutation: early detection in molecular diagnosis and risk assessment of colorectal, pancreas, and lung cancers–a review. Cancer Detect Prev. 2000;24(1):1-12.
Hsieh JS, Lin SR, Chang MY, Chen FM, Lu CY, Huang TJ, Huang YS, Huang CJ, Wang JY. APC, K-ras, and p53 gene mutations in colorectal cancer patients: correlation to clinicopathologic features and postoperative surveillance. Am Surg. 2005 Apr;71(4):336-43.
Däbritz J, Preston R, Hänfler J, Oettle H. Follow-up study of K-ras mutations in the plasma of patients with pancreatic cancer: correlation with clinical features and carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Pancreas. 2009 Jul;38(5):534-41.
[205] Gibbs JB, Kohl NE, Koblan KS, et al. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors and anti-Ras therapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1996;38(1):75-83.
Oliff A. Therapies of the Future: New Molecular Targets for Cancer Therapy. 1996.
[206] Bland J. Farnesyl transferase inhibitors.2001;October 17-21, 2001.
Asamoto M, Ota T, Toriyama-Baba H, et al. Mammary carcinomas induced in human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats are estrogen-independent, but responsive to d-limonene treatment. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2002 Jan;93(1):32-5.
[207] Kim Ms, Kang HJ, Moon A. Inhibition of invasion and induction of apoptosis by curcumin in H-ras-transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Arch Pharm Res. 2001 Aug;24(4):349-54
Chen X, Hasuma T, Yano Y, et al. Inhibition of farnesyl protein transferase by monoterpene, curcumin derivatives and gallotannin. Anticancer Res. 1997 Jul-Aug;17(4A):2555-64.
[208] Yano T, Uchida M, Yuasa M, et al. The inhibitory effect of vitamin E on K-ras mutation at an early stage of lung carcinogenesis in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Mar;323(1):99-102.
[209] Singh A, Purohit A, Hejaz HA, et al. Inhibition of deoxyglucose uptake in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by 2-methoxyestrone and 2-methoxyestrone-3-O-sulfamate. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2000 Feb 25;160(1-2):61-6.
[210] Chung JY, Huang C, Meng X, et al. Inhibition of activator protein 1 activity and cell growth by purified green tea and black tea polyphenols in H-ras-transformed cells: structure-activity relationship and mechanisms involved. Cancer Res. 1999 Sep 15;59(18):4610-7.
[211] http://www.biotechacademy.dk/Undervisningsprojekter/Gymnasiale-projekter/mikrochip/teori/cancergener
[212] Malone KE1, Begg CB, Haile RW, et al.: Population-based study of the risk of second primary contralateral breastcancer associated with carrying a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
See comment in PubMed Commons belowJ Clin Oncol. 2010 May 10;28(14):2404-10. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.2495. Epub 2010 Apr 5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20368571
[213] http://www.mynewsdesk.com/dk/pressreleases/gener-kan-oege-risikoen-for-kraeft-i-begge-bryster-409883
[214] Murray, R.K. et al.: Harper´s Biochemistry, 24th ed. S. 550, Lange Stamford, CT. 1996.
[215] Boik, J.: Cancer and Natural Medicine s. 44, Oregon Medical, Princeton, MN 1995.
[216] Davis, D.L. et al.: Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 101 s. 372 Okt. 1993.
[217]http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2004/
[218] Østrogen aktivitet skyldes mere end én analog, men henviser sædvanligvis til østradiol. Campbell bruger det generelle begreb østrogen for at inkludere alle steroider og lignendkvindelige hormoner, hvis virkning ligner østradiols aktivitet. En lille mængde testosteron i kvinder viser samme effekt.
[219] Wu, AH, Pike MC., Stram, BO.: Meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, serum estrogen levels and the risk of breast cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 91 (1999): 529-534.
[220] Bernstein, I., Ross, RK.: Endogenous hormones and breast cancer risk. Epidemiol. Revs 15 (1993): 48-65.
Pike, MC., Spicer, DV., Dahmoush, I. et al.: Estrogens, progesterons, normal breast cell proliferation and breast cancer risk. Epidemiol Revs. 15 (1993): 17-35. Campbell 2006
[221] Bocchinfuso, WP., Lindzey, JK., Hewitt, SC. Et al.: Induction of mammary gland development in estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mice. Endocrinology 141 (2000): 2982-2994
Atwood, CS., Hovey, RC., Glover, JP. Et al.: Progesterone induces side-branching of the ductal epithelium in the mammary glands of peritubertal mice. J. Endocrinol 167 (2000): 39-52. Campbell 2006
[222] Rose, DP., Pruit, BT.: Plasma prolactin levels in patients with breast cancer. Cancer 48 (1981): 2687-2691
Dorgan, JF., Longcope, C., Stephenson, HE. Jr. et al.: Relation of prediagnostic serum estrogen and androgen levels to breast cancer risk. Cancer Epimediol Biomarkers Prev 5 (1996): 533-539
Dorgan, JF., Stanczyk, FZ., Longcope, C. et al.: Relationship of serum dehydroeplandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate and 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol to risk of breast cancer in postmenstrual women. Cancer Epimediol Biomarkers Prev 6 (1997)
Thomas, HV., Key, TJ., Allen, DS. Et al.: A Prospective study of endogenous serum hormone concentrations and breast cancer risk in post-menopausal women on the island of Guernsey. Brit J Cancer 76 (1997): 410-405
Hankinson, SE., Willett, W., Manson, JE. Et al.: Plasma sex steroid hormone levels and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. J Nat Cancer Inst 90 (1998): 1292-1299.
[223] Bocchinfuso, WP., Lindzey, JK., Hewitt, SC. Et al.: Induction of mammary gland development in estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mice. Endocrinology 141 (2000): 2982-2994
Atwood, CS., Hovey, RC., Glover, JP. Et al.: Progesterone induces side-branching of the ductal epithelium in the mammary glands of peritubertal mice. J. Endocrinol 167 (2000): 39-52.
[224] Wu, AH, Pike MC., Stram, BO.: Meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, serum estrogen levels and the risk of breast cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 91 (1999): 529-534.
Boyar, AP., Rose, DP., Wynder, EL.: Recommendations for the prevention of chronic disease: the application for breast disease. Am J Clin 48 (3. Suppl) 1988: 896-900
Nandi, S., Guzman, RC., Yang, J.: Hormones and mammary carcinogenesis in mice, rats and humans: a unifying hypothesis. Proc National Acad Sci 92 (1995): 3650-3657.
[225] Wu, AH, Pike MC., Stram, BO.: Meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, serum estrogen levels and the risk of breast cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 91 (1999): 529-534.
Rosenthal, MB., Barnard, RJ., Rose, DP. Et al.: Effects of a high-complex-carbohydrate, low-fat, low-cholesterol diet on levels of serum lipids and estradiol. Am J Med (1985): 23-27
Adlercreutz, H.: Western diet and Western diseases: some hormonal and biochemical mechanisms and associations. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 50 (1990): 3-23
Heber, D., Ashley, JM., Leaf, DA. Et al.: Reduction of serum estradiol in postmenopausal women given free access to low-fat high-carbohydrate diet. Nutrition 7 (1991): 137-139
Rose, DP., Goldman, M., Connoly, JM. Et al.: High-fiber diet reduces serum estrogen concentrations in premenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 54 (1991): 520-525
Rose, DP., Lubin, M., Connolly, JM.: Effects of diet supplementation with wheat bran on serum estrogen levels in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Nutrition 13 (1997): 535-539
Tymchuk, CN., Tessler, SB., Barnard, RJ.: Changes in sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin and serum lipids in postmenopausal women on a low-fat, high-fiber diet combined with exercise. Nutr Cancer 38 (2000): 158-162.
[226] Shimizu H, Ross RK, Bernstein L, et al. Serum oestrogen levels in postmenopausal women: comparison of American whites and Japanese in Japan. Br J Cancer. 1990;62(3):451-3.
Hill P, Chan P, Cohen L, Wynder E, Kuno K. Diet and endocrine-related cancer. Cancer. 1977 Apr; 39(4 Suppl):1820-6.
[227] Dickinson LE, Macmahon B, Cole P, Brown JB. Estrogen profiles of Oriental and Caucasian women in Hawaii. N Engl J Med. 1974 Dec 5;291(23):1211-3.
- Lawson JS, Field AS, Tran DD, et al. Breast cancer incidence and estrogen receptor alpha in normal mammary tissue–an epi- demiologic study among Japanese women in Japan and Hawaii. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):685-7
[228] de Visser SJ, Uchida N, Vliet- Daskalopoulou E, et al. Pharmacokinetic differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects after single and multiple doses of a potential combined oral contraceptive (Org 30659 and EE). Contraception. 2003 Sep;68(3):195-02.
Punnonen R, Lukola A, Kudo R. Cytoplasmic estrogen receptor concentrations in the endometrium of Finnish and Japanese women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.1984 Jul;17(5):321-5.
Moore JW, Clark GM, Takatani O, Wakabayashi Y, Hayward JL, Bulbrook RD. Distribution of 17 beta-estradiol in the sera of normal British and Japanese women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Oct;71(4):749-54.
[229] Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Inaba S, Kawakami N, Shimizu H. Effect of soymilk consumption on serum estrogen concentrations in premenopausal Japanese women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998 Dec 2;90(23):1830-5.
Lu LJ, Anderson KE, Grady JJ, Nagamani M. Effects of an isoflavone-free soy diet on ovarian hormones in premenopausal women. J Clin Encodrinol Metab. 2001 Jul;86(7):3045-52.
[230] Lu LJ, Cree M, Josyula S, Nagamani M, Grady JJ, Anderson KE. Increased urinary excretion of 2-hydroxyestrone but not 16alpha-hydroxyestrone in premenopausal women during a soya diet containing isoflavones. Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1299-05.
[231] Zhou JR, Yu L, Mai Z, Blackburn GL. Combined inhibition of estrogen dependent human breast carcinoma by soy and tea bioactive components in mice. Int J Cancer. 2004 Jan 1;108(1):8-14.
[232] Kumar NB, Cantor A, Allen K, Riccardi D, Cox CE. The specific role of isoflavones on estrogen metabolism in premenopausal women. Cancer. 2002 Feb 15;94(4):1166-74.
[233] Peterson G, Barnes S. Genistein inhibits both estrogen and growth factor-stimulated proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Cell Growth Differ. 1996 Oct;7(10):1345-51
[234] Shao ZM, Shen ZZ, Fontana JA, Barsky SH. Genistein’s “ER-dependent and independent” actions are mediated through ER pathways in ER-positive breast carcinoma cell lines. Anticancer Res. 2000 Jul;20(4):2409-16.
[235] Ju YH, Doerge DR, Allred KF, Alfred CD, Helferich WG. Dietary genistein negates the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on growth of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells implanted in athymic mice. Cancer Res. 2002 May 1;62(9):2474-7.